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托福写作中独立写作易犯10个错误

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“sdf4sdfss”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了6篇托福写作中独立写作易犯10个错误，下面是小编整理后的托福写作中独立写作易犯10个错误，欢迎大家阅读分享借鉴，希望对大家有所帮助。

托福写作中独立写作易犯10个错误

篇1：托福写作中独立写作易犯10个错误

托福写作：独立写作易犯10个错误

1、不一致(Disagreements)

所谓不一致不光指主谓不一致，它还包括了数的不一致时态不一致及代词不一致等。

例1.Whenonehavemoney,hecandowhathewantto.(人一旦有了钱，他就能想干什么就干什么。)

剖析：one是单数第三人称，因而本句的have应改为has;同理want应改为wants。本句是典型的主谓不一致。

改为：Onceonehasmoney,hecandowhathewants(todo).

2、修饰语错位(MisplacedModifiers)

英语与汉语不同，同一个修饰语置于句子不同的位置，句子的含义可能引起变化。对于这一点中国学生往往没有引起足够的重视，因而造成了不必要的误解。

例1.IbelieveIcandoitwellandIwillbetterknowtheworldoutsidethecampus.

剖析：better位置不当，应置于句末。

3、句子不完整(SentenceFragments)

在口语中，交际双方可借助手势语气上下文等，不完整的句子完全可以被理解。可是书面语就不同了，句子结构不完整会令意思表达不清，这种情况常常发生在主句写完以后，笔者又想加些补充说明时发生。

例1.Therearemanywaystoknowthesociety.ForexamplebyTV,radio,newspaperandsoon.

剖析：本句后半部分“forexamplebyTV,radio,newspaperandsoon.”不是一个完整的句子，仅为一些不连贯的词语，不能独立成句。

改为：Therearemanywaystoknowsociety,forexample,byTV,radio,andnewspaper.

4、悬垂修饰语(DanglingModifiers)

所谓悬垂修饰语是指句首的短语与后面句子的逻辑关系混乱不清。例如：Attheageoften，mygrandfatherdied.这句中“attheageoften”只点出十岁时，但没有说明“谁”十岁时。按一般推理不可能是mygrandfather，如果我们把这个悬垂修饰语改明确一点，全句就不那么费解了。

改为：WhenIwasten,mygrandfatherdied.

例1.Todowellincollege,goodgradesareessential.

剖析：句中不定式短语“todowellincollege”的逻辑主语不清楚。

改为：Todowellincollege,astudentneedsgoodgrades.

5、词性误用(MisuseofPartsofSpeech)

“词性误用”常表现为：介词当动词用;形容词当副词用;名词当动词用等。

例1.Nonecannegativetheimportanceofmoney.

剖析：negative系形容词，误作动词。

改为：Nonecandenytheimportanceofmoney.‘’

6、指代不清(AmbiguousReferenceofPronouns)

指代不清主要讲的是代词与被指代的人或物关系不清，或者先后所用的代词不一致。试看下面这一句：Marywasfriendlytomysisterbecauseshewantedhertobeherbridesmaid.(玛丽和我姐姐很要好，因为她要她做她的伴娘。)

读完上面这一句话，读者无法明确地判断两位姑娘中谁将结婚，谁将当伴娘。如果我们把易于引起误解的代词的所指对象加以明确，意思就一目了然了。这个句子可改为：Marywasfriendlytomysisterbecauseshewantedmysistertobeherbridesmaid.

例1.Andwecanalsoknowthesocietybyservingityourself.

剖析：句中人称代词we和反身代词yourself指代不一致。

改为：Wecanalsoknowsocietybyservingitourselves.

7、不间断句子(Run-onSentences)

什么叫run-onsentence?请看下面的例句。

例1.Therearemanywayswegettoknowtheoutsideworld.

剖析：这个句子包含了两层完整的意思：“Therearemanyways.”以及“Wegettoknowtheoutsideworld.”。简单地把它们连在一起就不妥当了。

改为：Therearemanywaysforustolearnabouttheoutsideworld.或Therearemanywaysthroughwhichwecanbecomeacquaintedwiththeoutsideworld.

8、措词毛病(TroublesinDiction)

Diction是指在特定的句子中如何适当地选用词语的问题，学生在写作中没有养成良好的推敲，斟酌的习惯。他们往往随心所欲，拿来就用。所以作文中用词不当的错误比比皆是。

例1.Theincreasinguseofchemicalobstaclesinagriculturealsomakespollution.(农业方面化学物质使用的不断增加也造成了污染。)

剖析：显然，考生把obstacles“障碍”“障碍物”误作substance“物质”了。另外“theincreasinguse(不断增加的使用)”应改为“abusiveuse(滥用)”。

改为：Theabusiveuseofchemicalsubstancesinagriculturealsocauses/leadstopollution.

9、累赘(Redundancy)

言以简洁为贵。写句子没有一个多余的词;写段落没有一个无必要的句子。能用单词的不用词组;能用词组的不用从句或句子。如：Inspiteofthefactthatheislazy，Ilikehim.

本句的“thefactthatheislazy”系同谓语从句，我们按照上述“能用词组的不用从句”。

可以改为：Inspiteofhislaziness,Ilikehim.

例1.Forthepeoplewhoarediligentandkind,moneyisjustthethingtobeusedtobuythethingtheyneed.

剖析：整个句子可以大大简化。

改为：Diligent,caringpeopleusemoneyonlytobuywhattheyneed.

10、不连贯(Incoherence)

不连贯是指一个句子前言不对后语，或是结构上不畅通。这也是考生常犯的毛病。

例1.Thefreshwater,itisthemostimportantthingsoftheearth.

剖析：Thefreshwater与逗号后的it不连贯。It与things在数方面不一致。

改为：Freshwateristhemostimportantthingintheworld.

详解托福综合写作建议模板的注意事项

在托福的写作备考过程中，由于内容和逻辑观点比较好把握，网络中有相对又有许多经典范例的流传，更多的人愿意去准备一下独立写作模板。而综合写作考生需要先听一段听力再做答，看似好像不能准备模板。但是，这里小编提醒大家，如果在考前准备好自己的托福写作思维模板，在考场也是能发挥出最高质量的文章的。那么，对于综合写作来说，构建自己的思维模板需要注意哪些事项呢?

在文章中，我们可以尝试使用一些比较固定的表达方式，比如听力材料就某某问题主要从某个角度展开了论证”、“首先，对于阅读材料中提出的某某观点，在听力材料中用反例的方法提出了质疑”、“最后，对于阅读材料中的某一观点，听力材料通过几个方面的细化进行了支持性的论证”。这些固定表达方式在考前必须做好相应的准备，这样不但能够加快自己写作的速度，同时也能让文章的表达更具有条理性。

在文章的开始表达的过程中，第一段需要将听力和阅读材料的核心内容展示出来并点明两者观点是否相互支持抑或者相互对立。这也就是文章最为核心的一个部分。

对于文章的主体段落可以分为几个小段，分别从各个不同的角度总结并得出两篇文字材料相互支持或者对立的证据。最后一段结尾段可总结一下主要的论证对象并重申两份材料对于该论证对象的主要看法，在这一段构思过程中一定要注意，切忌加入自己对这一问题的看法和观点。

篇2：托福写作考试中常易犯的10个错误

托福写作：独立写作易犯10个错误

1、不一致(Disagreements)

所谓不一致不光指主谓不一致，它还包括了数的不一致时态不一致及代词不一致等。

例1.Whenonehavemoney,hecandowhathewantto.(人一旦有了钱，他就能想干什么就干什么。)

剖析：one是单数第三人称，因而本句的have应改为has;同理want应改为wants。本句是典型的主谓不一致。

改为：Onceonehasmoney,hecandowhathewants(todo).

2、修饰语错位(MisplacedModifiers)

例1.IbelieveIcandoitwellandIwillbetterknowtheworldoutsidethecampus.

剖析：better位置不当，应置于句末。

3、句子不完整(SentenceFragments)

例1.Therearemanywaystoknowthesociety.ForexamplebyTV,radio,newspaperandsoon.

剖析：本句后半部分“forexamplebyTV,radio,newspaperandsoon.”不是一个完整的句子，仅为一些不连贯的词语，不能独立成句。

改为：Therearemanywaystoknowsociety,forexample,byTV,radio,andnewspaper.

4、悬垂修饰语(DanglingModifiers)

改为：WhenIwasten,mygrandfatherdied.

例1.Todowellincollege,goodgradesareessential.

剖析：句中不定式短语“todowellincollege”的逻辑主语不清楚。

改为：Todowellincollege,astudentneedsgoodgrades.

5、词性误用(MisuseofPartsofSpeech)

“词性误用”常表现为：介词当动词用;形容词当副词用;名词当动词用等。

例1.Nonecannegativetheimportanceofmoney.

剖析：negative系形容词，误作动词。

改为：Nonecandenytheimportanceofmoney.

6、指代不清(AmbiguousReferenceofPronouns)

例1.Andwecanalsoknowthesocietybyservingityourself.

剖析：句中人称代词we和反身代词yourself指代不一致。

改为：Wecanalsoknowsocietybyservingitourselves.

7、不间断句子(Run-onSentences)

什么叫run-onsentence?请看下面的例句。

例1.Therearemanywayswegettoknowtheoutsideworld.

剖析：这个句子包含了两层完整的意思：“Therearemanyways.”以及“Wegettoknowtheoutsideworld.”。简单地把它们连在一起就不妥当了。

改为：Therearemanywaysforustolearnabouttheoutsideworld.或Therearemanywaysthroughwhichwecanbecomeacquaintedwiththeoutsideworld.

8、措词毛病(TroublesinDiction)

例1.Theincreasinguseofchemicalobstaclesinagriculturealsomakespollution.(农业方面化学物质使用的不断增加也造成了污染。)

剖析：显然，考生把obstacles“障碍”“障碍物”误作substance“物质”了。另外“theincreasinguse(不断增加的使用)”应改为“abusiveuse(滥用)”。

改为：Theabusiveuseofchemicalsubstancesinagriculturealsocauses/leadstopollution.

9、累赘(Redundancy)

本句的“thefactthatheislazy”系同谓语从句，我们按照上述“能用词组的不用从句”。

可以改为：Inspiteofhislaziness,Ilikehim.

例1.Forthepeoplewhoarediligentandkind,moneyisjustthethingtobeusedtobuythethingtheyneed.

剖析：整个句子可以大大简化。

改为：Diligent,caringpeopleusemoneyonlytobuywhattheyneed.

10、不连贯(Incoherence)

不连贯是指一个句子前言不对后语，或是结构上不畅通。这也是考生常犯的毛病。

例1.Thefreshwater,itisthemostimportantthingsoftheearth.

剖析：Thefreshwater与逗号后的it不连贯。It与things在数方面不一致。

改为：Freshwateristhemostimportantthingintheworld.

托福综合写作该如何正确备考?听力是重要环节

很多初入托福的备考学生，对于托福写作都会存在着一个误区就是：字数多就能取胜，无论如何都要把字数凑到三百。其实不然，也有独立写作打进三百多字取得满分的例子，虽然这只是一些特例，但是说明的问题就是，对于托福审阅官来说，文章的质量总还是要比字数来的重要。

在综合写作的过程中，听力环节是一个重点。如果对于一些听力能力一般般的学生来说，听力能力不但会影响到托福听力的成绩，在综合写作这一环节也会有一定的影响。但是，想要尽快解决，也是有一定的办法的。想要找到听力内容中关键词汇，就要在录音中找到反复出现的词汇，包括人名、地名。

而作为对于写作的备考，在听力中大家也一定不要停留在一个生词或者不熟悉的词上，这会让你的成绩大打折扣。其实听力听的是结构，句子结构以及文章结构。理清思路，记好笔记，才能帮助你在写作中发挥的更好。

篇3：托福独立写作中的常见错误详解

托福独立写作中的常见错误详解

题目：

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: For future success, relating well to others is more important than studying hard at school.

某学员的观点为Studying hard is more important for future success，并完成了以下的段落：

[Topic Sentence]First of all, studying hard at school can lay a good foundation. [Explanation] Medicine and law are both need long time to study’s subject. People should learn at least three years to have a basic recognition. [Example]For example, one day a man goes to the hospital. And the doctor who is curing the man says that I may not bring you a healthy body because I can get this job result from my friend. Actually I am not good at it. So I have a question is if you meet a doctor just like this, what would you do? And what would you think about it? This type of people cannot be allowed to appear in the society. It is an opposite instance.

虽然此段的结构很清晰，但是在内容层面，还是有很多常见的托福写作错误发生：

1.解释与主题句逻辑联系不紧密。解释的精髓在于将主题句的抽象概念进行第一层次的具体化，并起到把主题与例子联系起来的桥梁作用。但是，以上文段当中问题比较明显。首先，主题句中的要点在于hard，而解释的部分却表达了long time. 时间长跟努不努力没有关系。

Problematic: Medicine and law are both need long time to study’s subject. People should learn at least three years to have a basic recognition.

Revised: The success of many elites in different fields(埋下伏笔，为例子做铺垫)is the result of unrelenting efforts(同义改写，呼应主题句)in their school days.

2.例证欠缺说服力差。例子需要围绕主题句和解释部分的逻辑展开，比如这道题，最核心的逻辑链条便是由studying hard带来的success。作者想用一个反例来说明如果不好好学习，能力不够是没法在社会上生存的。但是在表达方式上过于口语化，而且语言质量不高。

Problematic: For example, one day a man goes to the hospital. And the doctor who is curing the man says that I may not bring you a healthy body because I can get this job result from my friend. Actually I am not good at it. So I have a question is if you meet a doctor just like this, what would you do? And what would you think about it? This type of people cannot be allowed to appear in the society. It is an opposite instance.

Revised: Doctors serve as an excellent example. [正例]In order to become successful doctors, medical students must read thousands of professional books and papers at school, take numerous tests and spend long hours in the laboratory. No one can deny that hard work at school greatly contributes to their reputation and expertise. Patients will be more comfortable receiving medical treatment from these doctors. [反例]Conversely, no one is willing to see a doctor who is poor in academics but good at establishing social connections.

段落开头的格式：

英文段落开头的格式分为两种，缩进式和齐头式。

缩进式：英文段落开头的缩进式与现代汉语的段落开头很相似。在段落开头第一个单词之前空出4至8个字符。采用这种方式的托福写作备考，段落与段落之间不用空行。

以上就是小编为大家整理的关于新托福写作中常见错误的介绍，希望大家看完有所了解!

托福写作中冠词误用

一、冠词省略现象

有些考生在托福写作时经常会省略掉冠词，造成冠词误用的现象。冠词省略主要出现在以下几种情况中：

1. 固定词组中、某些专有名词前省略冠词

在此类固定词组中省略冠词的现象很普遍。比如，在汉语“养成一个好习惯”中，我们完全可以省去量词而不影响表达，但在英语中却不能省。当中国学生使用英语名词时，汉语语法的影响就出现了，再加上记忆固定词组时存在偏差，省略冠词就很容易出现。在某些专有名词前要用定冠词，如果记忆不准就可能省去冠词，再加上汉语的专有名词前没有相应的功能词修饰语，母语迁移也可导致省去定冠词。例如：“in (the) course of learning English”，“get into (a) good habit of saving water”等。

2. 在形容词比较级、最高级和序数词前省略定冠词

这种情况下汉语的影响更大。汉语里说“……比……大/小等;最……”等等，加上对英语比较级和最高级的用法不熟悉，考生在使用它们时省略“the”就不足为奇了。出现较多的是在“the more…the more…”这一句型中省略“the”和在多音节形容词最高级前的“most”前省略“the”。英语序数词除用于列举时应与定冠词连用，但汉语通常用“第……”的形式来表达，再加上对序数词使用规则模糊，考生也倾向于在序数词前不用“the”。例如：“(The) more you read, the more you know.”，“(the) most important of all is the pollution”，“drive the car (the) first time”等。

3. 再次提到前文提到过的人或事物时省略定冠词

定冠词的一种用法就是在表示前面的话里或上文提到过的人或事物。但是有些考生在再次提到前文所提到的人或事物时不用定冠词，例如：“There are many reasons of (the) shortage of fresh water”。语境中所指确定时应使用定冠词，但在汉语中不必这样。比如在“该校的大部分学生”中，在“学生”前汉语不需要有相应的功能词来限定它，但英语却不行，应说“most of the students on campus”。从这个例子我们可以看出汉语的影响是存在的。

二、冠词冗余现象

1. 在序数词和基数词前多用了定冠词

在分项列举时序数词不与“the”连用，基数词通常也不用“the”修饰。但我们发现了许多在数词前多用了冠词的情况。例如：“(The) first, with the development of…”，“For (the) of years, people take it from rain, snow…”考生过度概括了序数词的用法规则，或记住了一般规则而没记住例外情况。他们可能知道在序数词前一般要用“the”，于是在基数词前不加限制地过度使用而产生了偏差。

2. 在固定词组中多用了冠词

此类现象发生的主要原因是对词组没有完全掌握，也可能是受到了母语的影响。按汉语的思维方式，有些词组是不该出现冠词的，但考生还是使用了冠词。考生注意到英语中存在冠词，而且名词前一般要用冠词，所以见到名词在不能确定用不用冠词时就干脆用了冠词。例如：“for an instance”，“Furthermore, the all sorts of pollution to fresh water make…”等。

3. 在泛指名词、抽象名词和有其他修饰语的名词前多用了冠词

我们也发现许多在泛指名词、抽象名词和有其它修饰语的名词前多用了冠词的情况，例如：

“I usually talk about the Practice Makes Perfect with my classmates.”这可能与名词的复杂性有关。考生也许分不清泛指名词和特指名词、抽象名词和具体名词，导致出现冠词误用的情况。

篇4：托福写作中的10个小技巧

1：你的时间预算。

You have only a half hour in which to complete your work, You should use your time more or less as shown below::

Reading and thinking about the topic 2-3 minutes

Planning and taking notes 2-3 minutes

Writing the essay approximately 20 minutes~

Checking the essay 3-5 minutes

2：仔细阅读问题。

You must write on the topic exactly as it is given。

3：头脑风暴。

Before you begin to write, spend a minute or two “brainstorming。” Think about the topic and the best way to approach ti。

4：写你计划的文章。

You don’t have to write out a formal outline with Roman numerals, capital letters, and so on. However, you should make some notes. By following your notes, you can organize your essay before you write, leaving you free to concentrate on the task of writing。

5：确保你的笔迹是尽可能清晰。

Handwriting that is hard to read may unconsciously prejudice the readers who are grading you essay. Be sure your handwriting is not too small or too large。

6：遵循一个明确，逻辑结构。

All TWE essay should consist of three basic parts:

An introductory paragraph

An body: consists of two or three paragraphs。

A concluding paragraph

7：使用具体的例子，具体原因。

Whenever you make a general statement, you should support it with specific examples。

8：使用信号词来表示的转换。

Signal words can be used to join paragraph to paragraph and sentence to sentence。

9：使用不同的句子类型。

Good writing in English consists of a more or less equal balance between short, simple sentences consisting of only one clause and longer sentences containing two or more clauses. Therefore, make an effort to use sentences of various lengths。

10：检查作文错误。

Don’t cross out long sections or try to add a lot of new material. Look for obvious errors in punctuation, spelling, and capitalization as well as common grammatical mistakes。

托福写作的常见题型及答题要点

托福独立写作问题模式：

1.描述解释型

2.二选一型、三选一型

二选一主要包括两种形式：

1. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

2. Which opinion do you prefer?

三选一：Which contributes the most to an enjoyable vacation? Good food, good location, good friends to travel with?

判断一道题是否属于“二/三选一型”，可以看题目中是否包含下列词汇：agree or disagree, prefer, which is better, recommend等。

3.比较对比型

1)最高级题目

这类题目的特点就是题目中带一个最高级，比如

Money is the most important aspect in a job.

这道题目中出现了most这种最高级，只要掌握这种题目的写法，那么其他出现最高级的题目都可以迎刃而解。

2)频率词题目

这类题目中会带有表示频率的词汇，而且这类词汇往往是非常绝对的。比如

Competition between friends always has a negative effect on their friendship.

这道题目中出现了always，这是一个非常突出的频率词。我们平时要注意总结这类题目的写法。

3)比较类题目

It is better to take a secure job with a low pay than to take a job with a high pay but is easy to lose.

这个题目中是拿两个东西或者选择作为比较，通常题干中会出现比较级。

4)隐藏all题目

Students should not take part‐time jobs while they are studying in the university.

所谓隐藏all类的题目就是并没有给出那么显眼的标志词，比如最高级，比较级，频率词等。但是它通常会给出情态动词，比如should 或者can，这种时候我们就要注意题目很可能就是隐藏all的题目。

5)今夕对比

所谓今夕对比，就是过去和现在的对比，比如

It is much easier for people to achieve success without their family members’ help now than in the past.

可以看出这类题目最突出的就是now 和in the past这种表示时间的词

细致划分又有四类常考难点题目：

1、应不应该题

这类题目在题目中一般都会含有should一词，或者含有“应该做”或“不应该做”的意思，问你如此做应不应该。考生要根据这些“应该”和“不应该”来写作文章。

例如这个题目就是应不应该题：

Do you agree or disagree with following statement: all school teachers should be required to take courses every five years to update their knowledge.

2、绝对题

这类题目中常常会带有绝对的语气词，例如only，must，always等;通常这类命题的题目比较明确且语气比较强烈，就是来问你同不同意这种说法，按照这个思路去构思文章。

下面这个题目就是托福独立写作绝对题：

Do you agree or disagree with following statement: only movies that can teach us something about real life are worth.

3、现象证明题

在这一类托福独立写作题目中，主要是在讨论一个现在可能存在的或者是将来可能会发生的现象，问你这个现象有没有或者是会不会出现，考生按照这个思路去拓展写作文章。

例如下面这个题目就是一个现象证明题：

Do you agree or disagree with following statement: in modern times, grandparents cannot give their grandchildren useful advice because the world of today are too different than it was in the past.

4、比较题

这类题目在考试中也是比较常见的，题目中会含有2个或者3个选项来让你选择。这些选择当中可能是不同事物的横向对比，也有可能是同一事物的纵向对比，或者是今夕对比，这种情况出现的较多。如果出现这类题目时可能会同应不应该题或者是现象证明题进行混搭，这样效果会更好一些。

例如下面的题目就是比较题型：

Do you agree or disagree with following statement: nowadays advertisements are more honest than they were in the past.

篇5：托福写作中的10个小技巧

一推荐五段三点式文章结构

即Introduction一段，Body三段，和Conclusion一段。一般第一段会用2-4句话陈述自己的观点，大约60字左右。第二到四段从三个方面论述自己的观点，每段约100字。结尾段用1-3句话总结自己的观点，大约40个字。那么如何具体规划每一个段落呢?

开头段主要用以下几种方法来组织，即背景法 (Background)，争议法(Controversy)，提问法(Question)，故事法(Story)和引言法(Quotation)。以背景法为例，背景法一般会提出一种普遍的或值得关注的现象作为背景，或者是由远到近、由大到小地谈论紧扣论题的社会观点作为背景。

背景法开头段的结构通常是：背景(1-3句)+论题+反方观点+(反方理由)+过度+(正方观点)+作者的观点+作者的理由。

以8月11日的独立写作试题为例：Technology makes people's lives more complicated. 题目涉及到了现今社会比较热门的话题——科技。这样，我们就可以以这种社会比较关注的现象作为我们作文的开头背景。因此这个题目的首段就可以这样开始：Technology has had tremendous impacts on every aspect of modern life. However, people are having conflicting opinions about whether it has made people's lives more complicated or not. I believe technology has by and large made our lives more convenient。第一句话就紧贴社会的背景，这样写不但很容易打开考生自己的思路，抓住作文的焦点，还能引起考官的共鸣。

中间段落的文章结构通常如下：Transitional words + topic sentence + development。如果考生在平时能熟练运用这样的一个结构来展开作文，那么考场上就会凭借这份思维定势来帮助自己抓住每一分。

中间三个段落都可以套用这种模式。Transitional words主要有以下三种，即表顺序：firstly, secondly, finally (last but not least);表并列：besides, in addition;表对比：in contrast, in comparison。这些衔接词会让文章看起来脉络清晰，组织严密，也就做到了评分标准中的“well-organized”一条。

二重视主题句

主题句，顾名思义，向考官展示的是考生作文的主要意旨所以它在中间段落中的作用是至关重要的。通常主题句应该注意以下几点：

1.主题句必须是陈述句。有的考生想在写作中创新，于是采用反问句或者其他看似多样化的句型，然而这种多样性带来的后果是给考官观点不明确的印象，很自然地会影响到分数。

2.必须标明观点。如果考生把一句无关痛痒的话放在主题句的位置上，很显然无法表明自身观点。比如像“今天是晴天”这样的话没有表明观点;然而“今天是个好天气”就包含一种感情色彩在里面，给人一种立场明确的感觉。考生应该切记：没有反驳余地的就不可以作为主题句。

3.态度必须坚决，但是不能极端。

4.每段必须有主题句。理论上讲没有主题句是可以的，但是考场上不可以，没有主题就会浪费考官的时间去帮你总结主题，然而繁忙的考官是不会那么善良地去分析你的题目来抓取你的观点的。

托福写作词汇each VS every

一.Each

1. each + singular

Each is a determiner. We use it before a singular noun.

each + singular noun

Each new day is different. (NOT Each new days…)

I enjoy each moment.

The same determiners are “every, either and neither”

真题例句:bbs.taisha.org/viewthread ... ge=1&highlight=

2. each of

We use each of before a pronoun or a determiner (for example the, my, these). The pronoun or noun is plural.

each of us/you/them

each of + determiner + plural noun

Each of us sees the world differently.

I write to each of my children once a week.

3. each in mid-position

When each refers to the subject, it can go with a verb in mid-position, like all, both and some adverbs. In this case plural nouns, pronouns and verbs are used.

auxiliary verb + each

are/were + each

They have each been told.

We can each apply for our own membership card.

You are each right in a different way.

each + other verb

We each think the same.

The plans each have certain advantages and disadvantages.

4.position with object

Each can follow an object (direct or indirect) as part of a longer structure.

I want them each to be happy.

She kissed them each on the forehead.

I bought the girls each an ice-cream.

She sent them each a present.

(BUT NOT I helped them each OR I wrote to them each.)

5.one each etc

Each can follow a noun object in sentences that say how much/many of something each person gets.

They got $20, 000 each when their mother died.

I bought the girls two ice-creams each.

A similar structure is used in giving prices.

They cost $5.50 each.

6. each without a noun

We can drop a noun and use each alone, if the noun has already been mentioned, but each one or each of them is more common in an informal style. Note that a following verb is normally singular.

I’ve got five brothers, and each (one/of them) is quite different from the others.

7.pronouns

When a pronoun or possessive is used later in a clause to refer back to each + noun/pronoun, the later word can be singular (more formal) or plural (less formal)

Each girl wore what she liked best. (more formal)

Each student wore what they liked best. (less formal, “they” is wrong in ETS’s eyes.)

Each of them explained it in his/her/their own way. (“their” is wrong in ETS’s eyes)

二.Each and every: the difference

1.Each with two or more; every with three or more

Each and every are both normally used with singular nouns. Each can be used to talk about two or more people or things; every is normally used to talk about three or more.

The business makes less money each/every year. (NOT….each/every years.)

She had a child holding on to each hand. (NOT…every hand.)

Note Every (which is normally used with singular nouns) can be used before plural expressions in measurements of frequency. For example: every two years, every tree steps.

I go to Hong Kong every six weeks.

2. difference of meaning

In many cases, both each and every can be used without much difference of meaning.

You look more beautiful each/every time I see you.

But we prefer each when we are thinking of people or things separately, one at a time. And every is more common when are thinking of people or things together, in a group. (Every is closer to all.) Compare:

Each person in turn went to see the doctor.

He gave every patient the same medicine.

We do not use each with words and expressions like almost, practically, nearly or without exception, which stress the idea of a whole group.

She’s lost nearly every friend she had. (NOT…nearly each friend…)

0208-36: Almost (every) the hereditary (material) of (an individual) organism resides (in the) chromosomes.

The correct answer is: every ----->all.

It\'s for sure that “every” is wrong in the sentence, but if “every” ------>“each of”, “ almost each of the…” is still wrong.

三. Each other and one another

1.no difference

In modern English, most people normally use each other and one another in the same way. Perhaps one another is preferred (like one) when we are making very general statements, and not talking about particular people. Compare:

They sat for two hours without talking to each other/one another.

The translation of ‘se parler’ is ‘to talk to one another’. (More natural than…to talk to each other.)

2.each other’s / one another’s

Both expressions have possessive forms.

They’ll sit for hours looking into each other’s / one another’s eyes.

3.–selves and each other/one another

Note the difference between –selves and each other/one another. Compare:

They talk to themselves a lot. (Each of them talks to himself/herself.)

They talk to each other a lot. (Each talks to the other.)

4. words used without each other

Note that we do not usually use each other after meet, marry and similar.

They met in .