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英语代词中的关系代词

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“我是five555”通过精心收集,向本站投稿了10篇英语代词中的关系代词,以下是小编收集整理后的英语代词中的关系代词,希望对大家有所帮助。

英语代词中的关系代词

篇1:英语代词中的关系代词

英语代词中的关系代词

1) 关系代词用来引导定语从句。它代表先行词,同时在从句中作一定的句子成分,例如:The girl to whom I spoke1 is my cousin. 跟我讲话的姑娘是我表妹。(该句中whom既代表先行词the girl,又在从句中作介词to的宾语。)

2) 关系代词有主格,宾格和属格之分,并有指人与指物之分。在限定性定语从句中,that 可指人也可指物,见表:

限定性 非限定性 限定性

指 人 指 物 指人或指物

主 格 who which that

宾 格 whom that that

属 格 whose of which/whose of which/whose

例如:

This is the pencil whose point is broken.

这就是那个折了尖的铅笔。

(whose 指物,在限定性定语从句中作定语)

He came back for the book which he had forgotten. 他回来取他丢下的书。

(which指物,在限定性定语从句中作宾语,可以省略)

3) 关系代词which的先行词可以是一个句子,例如:

He said he saw me there, which was a lie.

他说在那儿看到了我,纯属谎言。

说明: 关系代词that在从句中作宾语或表语时可省略, 例如:

I've forgotten much of the Latin I once knew.

我过去懂拉丁语,现在大都忘了。

He's changed. He's not the man he was.

他变化很大,已不是过去的他了。

代词——every,no,all,both,……

扩展:货运用语中英文对照

货物 goods | | freight | | cargo

运输 transportation | | transit | | conveyance

运送 to transport | | to carry | | to convey

运输业 transportation business | | forwarding business | | carrying trade

运输代理人 a forwarding agent

承运人 a freight agent | | a carrier

船务代理人 a shipping agent

陆上运输 transportation by land

海上运输 transportation by sea

货物运输 goods traffic | | freight traffic | | carriage of freights | | carriage of goods

货轮 cargo boat | | freighter | | cargo steamer | | cargo carrier

火车 goods-train | | freight-train

卡车 goods-van | | goods wagon | | freight car | | truck

货运办公室 goods-office | | freight-department

运费率 freight | | freight rates | | goods rate

运费 carriage charges | | shipping expenses | | express charges

车费 cartage | | portage

运费预付 carriage prepaid | | carriage paid

运费到付 carriage forward | | freight collect

运费免除||免费 carriage free

协定运费 conference freight | | freight rate

运费清单 freight account

托运单 way-bill | | invoice

运送契约 contract for carriage

装运 shipment | | loading

装上货轮 to ship | | to load | | to take on a ship

装运费 shipping charges | | shipping commission

装运单||载货单 shipping invoice

装运单据 shipping documents

大副收据 mate's receipt

装船单 shipping order

提货单 delivery order

装船通知 shipping advice

包裹收据 parcel receipt

准装货单 shipping permit

租船契约 charter party

租船人 charterer

程租船||航次租赁 voyage charter

期租船 time charter

允许装卸时间 lay days | | laying days

工作日 working days

连续天数 running days | | consecutive days

滞期费 demurrage

滞期日数 demurrage days

速遣费 despatch money

空舱费 dead freight

退关 short shipment | | goods short shipped | | goods shut out | | shut-outs

赔偿保证书(信托收据) letter of indemnity | | trust receipt

装载 loading

卸货 unloading | | discharging | | landing

装运重量 shipping weight | | in-take-weight

卸货重量 landing weight

压舱 ballasting

压舱货 in ballast

舱单 manifest

船泊登记证书 ship's certificate of registry

航海日记 ship's log

船员名册 muster-roll

(船员,乘客)健康证明 bill of health

光票 clean bill

不清洁提单 foul bill

有疑问提单 suspected bill

篇2:英语代词是什么

一、代替名词、动词、形容词、数量词、副词的词,包括:

1. 人称代词,如“我、你、他、我们、咱们、自己、人家”。

2. 疑问代词,如“谁、什么、哪儿、多会儿、怎么、怎样、几、多少、多么”。

3. 指示代词,如“这、这里、这么、这样、这么些、那、那里、那么、那样、那么些”。

二、英语代词可以分为:

1. 人称代词(Personal Pronouns) I我 you你 he他 she她 they他们 me我(宾格)you你(宾格)him他(宾格)her她(宾格)them他们(宾格)。

2. 物主代词(Possessive Pronouns) my我的 his他的 your你的(your你们的) their他们的 hers她的。

3. 指示代词 this这 that那 these这些 those 那些。

4. 反身代词myself我自己 himself他自己 themselves他们自己。

5. 疑问代词who谁 what什么 which哪个。

6. 不定代词some一些 many许多 both两个;两个都。

7. 关系代词which……的物 who……的人 that……的人或物 who谁 that引导定语从句。

8. 相互代词 each other 互相 one another互相。

9. 连接代词 who,whom,whose,what,which,whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever。

10. 替代词one(单数),ones(复数) 用于替代前面出现的同类事物。

例如:

1. I like his car.

我喜欢他的.小汽车。

2. Our school is here,and theirs is there.

我们的学校在这儿,他们的在那儿。

3. He is my brother.

他是我的哥哥。

4. She is my sister.

她是我的妹妹。

5. It is my ruler.

它是我的尺子。

6. This is my book.

这是我的书。

篇3:it是什么代词

(1) it用作人称代词

it用作人称代词,一般指未知或不明身份的.人。

例句:Who is it in the room? Open the door!

谁在房间里啊?把门打开!

(2) it用作指示代词

作指示代词时,it的用法相当于this或that。有时候it并不特指某件具体的事物,而是代表前面提到的、或者即将提到的某件事情。

例1:She said it was a very popular film, but I don't like it.

她说那是一部非常流行的电影,但我却不喜欢(它)。

例2:She does not really treat me as a family member, and it has hurts me badly.

她并没有把我当家人看待。这就让我很受伤。

(3) it作非人称代词

代词it还可以用来指代时间、距离、价值、天气、温度、环境等无生命的抽象事物,无阴阳之分。

例1:—What time is it by your watch? 你的表到几点了?

—It is 9:39 9点39。

例2:It is really quiet in the woods.

小树林里真安静。

篇4:关系代词that 的用法

1)不用that的情况

a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。

(错) the tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.

b) 介词后不能用。

we depend on the land from which we get our food.

we depend on the land that/which we get our food from.

2) 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况

a) 在there be 句型中,只用that,不用which。

b) 在不定代词,如:anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时,只用that,不用which。

c) 先行词有the only, the very修饰时,只用that。

d) 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时,只用that。.

e) 先行词既有人,又有物时。

举例:

all that is needed is a supply of oil.

所需的只是供油问题。

finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.

那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。

篇5:关系代词教学设计

关系代词教学设计

Relative Pronouns in the Attributive Clause

Learning aims:

1.Let students learn rules of the Attributive Clause and the relative pronouns: who, whom, which ,that, whose.

2.Use them to express freely through practice.

Difficult & important points:

Let students grasp the usage of who, whom, which ,that, whose.

Step1: Lead-in

say hello to all the students.把下列句子分成两层意思:

(1) The one million people of the city, who thought little of these events,went to bed as usual that night.

The one million people of the city went to bed as usual that night.The one million people of the city thought little of these events.

(2) It was heard in Beijing, which is one hundred kilometers away.

It was heard in Beijing.Beijing is one hundred kilometers away.

(3) The number of people who were killed or Injured reached more than 400,000.

The number of people reached more than 400, 000.Those people were killed or injured.

Step2: the Attributive Clause

定语从句概念:在句子中作定语,修饰名词或代词的从句。这种从句由关系代词或关系副词引导,并作句子成分。定语从句中的关系代词:(1)指人:who(主语、宾语),whom(宾语),that(主语、宾语), whose(定语)

(2)指物:that(主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语)? whose(定语)

被定语从句限定的词是“先行词”,引导定语从句的词叫做“关系代词”或“关系副词”。关系代词和关系副词有三大作用:即连接(连接定语从句和主句)、替代(替代前面的`先行词)、成分(在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分)。关系代词的用法

(1)who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)

The man who I talked with is our teacher.

翻译:和我谈话的那个人,是我的老师。

(2)whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)

The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.

(3)which指物作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)

These are the trees which were planted last year.

翻译:这些是去年种植的树。

This recorder(which)he is using is made in Japan.

翻译:这个他正在使用的录音机是日本产的。

(4)that指人/物,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)

A plane is a machine that can fly.

He is the man (that/who/whom) I told you about.

(5)whose在定从中作定语,表所属关系,翻译为“他的/她的/它的”,用来代替his,its,her,their。

whose指人也指物。指物时= of which??指人时= of whom

A、This is the book whose cover is blue.

B、This is the book of which the cover is blue.

C、This is the book the cover of which is blue

6.如何选择关系代词?

who ,whom, whose, which, that

口诀:前看先行词,辩清人或物,后看从句里,有无主宾语

Step3:Practice

用适当的关系代词填空:

This is the house_______was built last year. This is the house _______was built last year The car_____my uncle had just bought was destroyed in the earthquake. That is the man_______we were looking for.

Step4:Homework

This is the film which I saw last night. Here are two pictures that are taken from the film. This is the film whose name is Titanic . The man and the woman whom you see in the picture are Jack and Lucy . Jack and Lucy are the hero and the heroine who loved each other very much in the film .

教学反思:

1、作为教师,应该了解学生在学习中困惑从而为自己制定教学目标提供依据,同时也能极大地刺激学生的学习情绪,满足他们的学习欲,形成师生之间愉悦的课堂氛围。

2、在英语教学中教师要有意识地逐渐培养学生的合作学习能力。例如,培养学生学会如何表达自己的观点、学会倾听他人的意见、学会讨论问题、认识小组合作学习的重要性等。

3、要求学生及时预习新的内容并对自己的学习情况及时进行反思与总结,让学生养成良好的学习习惯。

篇6:关系代词that 的用法

关系代词that 的用法

1)不用that的情况

a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。

(错) The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.

b) 介词后不能用。

We depend on the land from which we get our food.

We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.

2) 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的`情况

a) 在there be 句型中,只用that,不用which。

b) 在不定代词,如:anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时,只用that,不用which。

c) 先行词有the only, the very修饰时,只用that。

d) 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时,只用that。.

e) 先行词既有人,又有物时。

举例:

All that is needed is a supply of oil.

所需的只是供油问题。

Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.

那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。

篇7:关系代词的用法

一、关系代词的用法

1、引导

定语从句关系代词代表先行词,同时在从句中作一定的句子成分,例如:The girl whom I spoke to is my cousin. 跟我讲话的女孩是我表妹。(该句中whom既代表先行词the girl,又在从句中作介词to的宾语。)This is the pencil whose point is broken.这就是那个折了尖的铅笔。(whose 指物,在限定性定语从句中作定语)He came back for the book which he had forgotten.他重新回来都忘记了他的那本书。(which指物,在限定性定语从句中作宾语,可以省略)

2、先行词

which

例如:He said he saw me there, which was a lie.他说在那儿看到了我,纯属谎言。

3、其他用法

关系代词that在从句中作宾语或表语时可省略。

例如:I've forgotten much of the Latin I once knew.我过去懂拉丁语,大都忘了。

He's changed. He's not the man he was.他变化很大,已不是过去的他了。

注释:关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略,that在从句中作表语时也可省略。非限定性定语从句中,不能用that作关系代词。

二、语法注意

1.常用that 不用which的情况:

1)先行词为不定代词all,little,few,much, anything, everything, nothing, something等时。

I will do all (that) I can to help you.

2)先行词被序数词、形容词最高级或the only, the very等所修饰或其本身就是序数词﹑形容词最高级时。

He was the only person that joined the army in his village that year.

3)先行词既有人,又有物时

They talked about the people and the things (that)they remembered in the school.

4)当主句是以who 或which开头的疑问句时, 定语从句用that 引导, 以避免重复。

Who is the boy that was here just now?

2. 若被修饰的名词充当从句介词宾语时

介词可提前于引导词之前,此时的引导词只能用whom 或which.

篇8:关于语法中的关系代词解说

(1) 关系代词用来引导定语从句。它代表先行词,同时在从句中作一定的句子成分,例如:The girl to whom I spoke is my cousin. 跟我讲话的姑娘是我表妹。(该句中whom既代表先行词the girl,又在从句中作介词to的宾语。)

(2) 关系代词有主格,宾格和属格之分,并有指人与指物之分。在限定性定语从句中,that 可指人也可指物,见表:

限定性 非限定性 限定性

指 人 指 物 指人或指物

主 格 who which that

宾 格 whom that that

属 格 whose of which/whose of which/whose

例如:

This is the pencil whose point is broken.

这就是那个折了尖的铅笔。

(whose 指物,在限定性定语从句中作定语)

He came back for the book which he had forgotten. 他回来取他丢下的书。

(which指物,在限定性定语从句中作宾语,可以省略)

3) 关系代词which的先行词可以是一个句子,例如:

He said he saw me there, which was a lie.

他说在那儿看到了我,纯属谎言。

说明: 关系代词that在从句中作宾语或表语时可省略, 例如:

I've forgotten much of the Latin I once knew.

我过去懂拉丁语,现在大都忘了。

He's changed. He's not the man he was.

他变化很大,已不是过去的他了。

篇9:英语代词用法

考点1 人称代词

人称代词是用来指人或物的代词,人称代词有主格、宾格。主格做主语和表语,宾格做宾语,一般用来做动词或介词的宾语。

例1:( 重庆市)My mother used to make breakfast for_____ every morning,but now I do it myself.

A. mine B. my C. I D. me

解析:本题考查人称代词的宾格用法。句意为“我妈妈过去每天早晨都给我做早餐,但是现在我自己做”。for为介词,因此后面接人称代词的宾格。

答案:D。

例2:(20 陕西省)Everyone likes my father because_____ is friendly.

A. his B. him C. he D. himself

解析:本题考查人称代词的主格用法。空白处做主语,应使用人称代词的主格。

答案:C。

很明显,人称代词主要考查其主格和宾格的运用,只要我们把握动词和介词后用人称代词的宾格,后接主语和表语时用人称代词的主格这一知识点,解题难度并不大。

【温馨提示】 若两个或两个以上的人称代词同时使用,通常将第一人称放在最后,按you—she/he—I或是she/he—you—I的顺序排列。

考点2 物主代词

物主代词是用来表示所有人与物的关系的。物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,放在名词前做定语;名词性物主代词相当于名词,也相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。

例3:(年 天津市)I don’t like_____ watch,I like_____.

A. me;your B. my;your

C. me;yours D. my;yours

解析:本题考查物主代词的用法。句意为“我不喜欢我的手表,我喜欢你的(手表)”。第一个空修饰名词“watch”,使用形容词性物主代词my;第二个空做动词like的宾语,应使用名词性物主代词yours,这里的yours相当于your watch。

答案:D。

例4: ( 新疆自治区)

—Is this _____ ruler?

—No,_____ is over there.

A. her;her B. her;hers

C. hers; hers D. hers;her

解析:本题考查物主代词的用法。第一个空修饰名词ruler,应用形容词性物主代词her。第二个空做主语,后边没有名词,显然应该用名词性物主代词hers,故选B。做这类题时只需掌握形容词性物主代词+名词,名词性物主代词相当于名词(即相当于形容词性物主代词+名词)即可。

答案:B。

考点3 反身代词

反身代词指动作反射到动作执行者本身或进行强调,一般用来做动词或介词的宾语,表示动作返回到动作执行者本身,即主语和宾语是指同一人或物,或者指同一些人或物。常与反身代词连用的动词有enjoy,dress,hurt,help,teach及介词by,in,for,of等。

例5:(2015年 上海市)Nowadays I can choose online courses and study by_____ .

A. I B. me C. my D. myself

解析:本题考查反身代词的用法。by oneself是固定用法,意为“独自地,单独”,study by myself意为“自学”。

答案:D。

例6: (2015年 贵州省贵阳市)Bob hurt_________________in the basketball match at school yesterday afternoon.

A. myself B. himself C. herself D. themselves

解析:本题考查反身代词的用法。主语是Bob,显然是Bob伤了他自己。

答案:B。

【温馨提示】同学们在做反身代词这类题时一定要牢记其固定用法及主语与宾语的一致性。

考点4 指示代词

专门用来指人或物的一类代词,称为指示代词。这类词有this,that,these,those,such,same,it等。指示代词用于指代前面讲过的或者后面将要讲到的事物,以避免重复。this和these一般指时间或空间上较近的人或事物;that和those一般指时间或空间上较远的人或事物。

例7:(20 甘肃省兰州市)

—Bob,can you see the boys over there?

—____are my cousins. Let’s go and say hello to them.

A. This B. Those C. That D. These

解析:本题考查指示代词的辨析。由the boys可知应用复数形式,再由over there可知,所谈论的人离说话处比较远,所以这里应该使用those。做这类题时我们只要把握所指代名词的单复数及距离的远近就可以了。

答案:B。

考点5 疑问代词

疑问代词是指用来构成特殊疑问句的代词,这一类代词有:what,who,whom,whose,which。what指人或物,还可以表时间和数量。who和whom都用来指人,意为“谁”,但who为主格,whom为宾格。whose是who的所有格形式,表示所属关系,常常做定语,修饰名词。which一般指人或物,常用于选择东西。

例8 :(2015年 上海市)

—_____ father took part in the charity activity in the neighborhood yesterday?

—Peter’s.

A. Whose B. What C. Which D. Who

解析:本题考查疑问代词的辨析。由答语 “Peter’s”可知,问句是对所有格进行提问的。whose意为“谁的”,符合题意。

答案:A。

例9:(2015年 浙江省杭州市)The woman_____ is the most important in my life is my mother.

A. which B. who C. whom D. what

解析:本题考查引导定语从句的关系代词。空格处引导一个定语从句,先行词是“the woman”,在从句中做主语,关系代词需要用“who或that”。做这类题,我们关键是要抓住先行词,看先行词是指人还是指物,其次要看在从句中做主语还是宾语。

答案:B。

由此可见,代词在中考中的考查范围很广,其中人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词和疑问代词难度并不大,只要掌握好它们的用法,我们肯定不会失分。

篇10:英语人称代词是什么

1)、定义:人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。它必须在人称(第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称)、数(单数、复数)以及性(阴性、阳性、中性)三方面与被指代的名词一致。

如:I am a student.

Tom is a boy, and he is a student.

Mary is very pretty, and she likes singing.

The boys are students, and they are in the room.

The doy is small. It is Tom's.

2、人称代词的句法功能

A) 人称代词有主格和宾语之分:主格用作主语,宾格用作宾语。

B) 人称代词的主格形式在在句中作主语和表语。

如: I like music(主语).

She is a teacher.(主语)

She and I are good friends(主语).

Neither she nor I am student.

——I saw the boys this morning.

——Are you sure it was they(表语)?

C) 人称代词的宾格在句子作动词的宾语,或者介词的'宾语。

如:I saw him at the party(宾语).

I haven't seen them recently. (宾语)

I bought a book for them. (作介词宾语)

=I bought them a book. (间接宾语)

【注意】

a. 在口语中,人称代词的主格形式作表语时,常常可以用宾格替换。

如:It can't be he/him.

——Is this Mr. Green?

——Yes, this is he/him.

b. 在口语中,当人称代词用于than, as 之后或用于强调句中被强调时,用主格(较正式)和宾格(较口语化)均可以。

如:

He sings better than I/me. 他比我唱得好。

You know more than she/her.

She is as tall as me(I am).

c. 单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格,即使它充当的是主语也是如此。如:

“I like English.”

“我喜欢英语。”

“Me too=I like English too.”

“我也喜欢。”

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