Until的详细用法总结
“长三角熬夜冠军”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了12篇Until的详细用法总结，以下是小编为大家准备的Until的详细用法总结，欢迎大家前来参阅。
篇1：Until的详细用法总结
Until的用法
比较until和till
此两个连词意义相同。肯定形式表示的意思是“做某事直至某时”，动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是“直至某时才做某事”。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。 正确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。
肯定句：
I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。
Wait till I call you. 等着我叫你。
(在肯定句中可用before代替 Let's get in the wheat before the sun sets.)
否定句：
She didn't arrive until 6 o'clock.
她直到6点才到。
until 用法上的三个难点
一、
1. until用在肯定句,谓语动词通常是延续性动词,如stand, stay, talk, wait等,表示主句动作终止的时间。如:
③I waited until he came back.我一直等到他回来。
④The war lasted until 1945.战争持续到1945年。
如果用在否定句,谓语动词通常是瞬间性动词,如open, start, leave, arrive, finish, stop等,强调主句动作开始的时间。如:
⑤I didn't leave the boy until his mother turned up.直到这孩子的母亲来,我才离开。
⑥The noise of the street didn't stop until it was midnight.街上的噪音直到半夜才停止。
2.连词until引导的从句中谓语动词的时态
1)until后面的从句中不能用一般将来时，应该用一般现在时代替。所谓的“主将从现”。
He will stay here until his mother comes back.
They will study at the school until their parents come to take them home.
2)主句的谓语动词为一般现在时或一般将来时时， until从句中的谓语动词为现在完成时，用来强调从句谓语动词表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之前。试比较：
I won’t go to bed until I have finished my homework. 我要完成作业才睡觉。
3) 主句中的谓语动词为一般过去时时，从句中的谓语动词为过去完成时，用来强调从句谓语动词的动作发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之前。试比较：
Li Lei didn’t come until the film had begun. 直到电影开演，李雷才来。
二、until与before的区别
1.可直接换用的情况:在until能使用的句型中,即主句含有否定式终止性谓语动词或肯定式延续性动词,可与before直接替换,意义差别不大。如:
①The students won't go home until / before they finish their homework.学生们要先完成作业才能回家。
②The woman worked in the factory until/before 1990. 1990年以前这妇女在这家工厂上班。
2.不可换用的情况:当主句含有肯定式终止性谓语动词时,只能用before不能用until,且before常意为“没来得及……”或“……才……”等。如:
③Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me.爱因斯坦差不多将我撞倒才看见了我。
④He had measured me before I could get in a word.我还没来得及插话,他就把我的尺寸量好了。
三、not until的倒装与强调结构
1.当Not until位于句首时,句子要倒装。其结构为:Not until+从句/表时间的词+助动词+(主句)主语+谓语+...。如:
①Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.直到老师进来学生们才停止讲话。
②Not until next week will the sports meet be held.直到下周才开运动会。
2. not until的强调结构为:It is / was not until+从句/表时间的词+that+主句。上面两句为强调句为:
③It was not until the teacher came in that the students stopped talking.
④It is not until next week that the sports meet will be held.
BBC英语：一分钟By 和 Until用法区别
Hi guys! This is Kee from BBC Learning English, and today I'm going to tell you the differences between until and by.
大家好!我是BBC英语学习频道的基，今天我们来学学until和by之间的区别。
We use until to talk about doing something up to a certain point in time.
until用于表示做某事直到特定时间。
If I say:
如果我说：
I have to take care of my dog until 5pm,
我5点前都得照看我的狗。
it means I will start taking care of my dog now and stop taking care of it at 5pm.
也就是说我从现在开始直到下午5点都要照看我的狗。
On the other hand, we use by to talk about doing something before a future time or deadline.
另一方面，by用于表示在未来某个时间或截止时间之前要完成某事。
If I say:
如果我说：
I have to finish an essay by 5pm,
我必须在下午点前写完文章。
it means I can start any time but I will make sure that at 5pm I have finished writing the essay. So, I may even finish it at 3pm or any time before 5.
这句话意思是不管我从什么时候开始，但是下午5点前必须写完文章。也就是说我可以在下午3点写完或5点前任意时间写完。
So we use until to describe doing something up to a certain point in time and we use by to describe doing something before a future time or deadline.
所以，until用于表示做某事直到特定时间，by用于表示在未来某个时间或截止时间之前要完成某事。
英语语法：引语状语从句中till和until的用法
状语从句
在主从复合句中，用作状语的从句称为状语从句。常用状语从句有以下七种类型：
1.时间状语从句
表示时间的状语从句连接词通常用：
(6)till/until 直到… 表示某动作或状态持续到某一时间终止。
从句谓语动词多用一般时态，有时也可以用完成时态。例如：
They’ll stay at school until they are sixteen.
他们将在学校一直待到16岁。
The model plane kept flying till it hit into a stone wall.
模型飞机一直飞行直到撞在石头墙上。
They had to wait till Monday to ring the bank manager.
他们必须等到周一才能给银行经理打电话。
They didn’t stop running until they got to the end of the street.
他们一直奔到马路尽头才停下。
He won’t hand the exercise book in until got the end of the street.
直到订正了所有的错误他才会交上练习本。
The traffic laws don't take effect until the end of the year.
交通法要到年底才生效。
He put his retirement on hold until he had found a solution.
他推迟了退休，直到他找到了解决办法。
欢迎转发~~~发动大家来做作业，学英语~
英语作业0311
一、选择填空:
35.Jimmy wrote down the prices of everything he bought, but found ___ he had not enough money for them.
A.whether B.why
C.that D.how
36.The guide said yes when I asked ___ the price included breakfast and serve charge.
A.how B.that
C.which D.whether
参考答案：
35-36:CD
二、分析句子的语法结构，并译成中文。
The aircraft manufacturer Boeing faces further questions over the safety of its 737 Max 8 jet as Ethiopian Airlines joined carriers in China and elsewhere in grounding the plane after a crash on Sunday that killed all 157 people onboard. 【The Guardian】
英语语法：介词from...to, till/until的用法
介词用于名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句前，表示与其他成分的关系。介词可以与名词、形容词和动词搭配表示不同的意义。
2.表示某一时间的介词
4)from…to…, till/until
from…to…表示从一点时间到另一点时间的一个阶段。比如：
The bank is open from 9a.m. to 6 p.m. every day.
这家银行每天上午九点到下午六点营业。
Adams was in New York from 1956 to 1967.
亚当从1956年到1967年在纽约。
till/until表示某动作或状态延续到某一时间终止。比如：
The supermarket is open till midnight.
这家超市一直开到半夜。
The student didn’t leave the park until 4 p.m.
学生们直到下午四点才离开公园。
The matter will keep till tomorrow.
这件事搁到明天再说。
欢迎转发~~~发动大家来做作业，学英语~
英语作业1108
一、选择填空。
11. ___ about fifty years, electricallypowered cars will be a common sight in streets.
A. For B. Over
C. In D. After
12. ___ recent years, tea has becomemore popular than coffee.
A. For B. In
C. Until D. Since
参考答案：
11-12：CB
Until的用法总结
篇2：not until 用法总结
not...until基本含义是“直到...才”。
I did not go home until my mother called me.
我直到我妈妈打电话给我才回家。
Not until Father came back did we begin to have supper last night.
昨晚直到父亲回来，我们才开始吃晚饭。
not until的倒装与强调结构，not until通常与非延续性动词连用，强调主句所表示的状态或情景从until所表示的'时间才发生，主句必须是否定句。
1、当Not until位于句首时,句子要倒装。其结构为:Not until+从句/表时间的词+助动词+(主句)主语+谓语
（1）Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.
直到老师进来学生们才停止讲话。
（2）Not until next week will the sports meet be held.
直到下周才开运动会。
2、not until的强调结构为:It is / was not until+从句/表时间的词+that
（1）It was not until the teacher came in that the students stopped talking.
（2）It is not until next week that the sports meet will be held.
篇3：until的用法
not until用法
until可用作介词或连词,意为“到……时候为止”、“到……时候才”或“在……时候以前不”.什么情况下表达什么意思,关键要看(主)句中的谓语动词是终止性动词还是延续性动词.
1.如果(主)句中的谓语动词是终止性动词,应采用“...not ...until ...”结构,意为“……到……时候才……”.例如：
You mustn’t eat anything until you see the doctor.
看过医生之后,你才能吃东西.
Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.
车停稳了以后再下车.
2.如果(主)句中的谓语动词是延续性动词,那么谓语动词用肯定式或否定式,它们所表达的意思有所不同.
1) 如果谓语动词为肯定式,则until译为“到……时候为止”.例如：
I watched TV until she came back.
我看电视一直看到她回来.
2) 如果谓语动词为否定式,则until应译为“到……时候才”,即“在……以前不”.例如：
I did not watch TV until she came back.(= I began to watch TV when/after she came back.)
直到她回来我才开始看电视.
3.用终止性动词作谓语时,until既可以和not连用,又可以和never,nobody,nothing,few,little,seldom,hardly等含否定意义的词连用.例如：
I had not seen him until 1990.(= I had never seen him until 1990.)
1990年以前我从未见过他.
Don’t put off until tomorrow what you can do today.(= Never put off what you can do today till tomorrow.)
今日事,今日毕.
4.连词until引导的从句中谓语动词的时态.
1) 主句的谓语动词为一般现在时或一般将来时时,until从句中的谓语动词为现在完成时,用来强调从句谓语动词表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之前.试比较：
I won’t go to bed until I have finished my homework.
我要完成作业才睡觉.
2) 主句中的谓语动词为一般过去时时,从句中的谓语动词为过去完成时,用来强调从句谓语动词的动作发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之前.试比较：
Li Lei didn’t come until the film had begun.
直到电影开演,李雷才来.
〔特别提醒〕 till和until的意思基本相同,用法也基本一样,但until语气较重,多用于较正式的文体里.till多用于英式英语,until多用于美式英语; till不能用在句首,也不能用在not开头的短语或从句里,而until可以.例如：
Until he came home,we knew the news.
在他到家之前,我们不知道这消息.
Not until nine o’clock yesterday evening did we finish the work.
直到昨晚九点,我们才完成这项工作.
篇4：until的用法
连词 conj. 直到…为止
up to the time when
・ I'll wait until he arrives and then I'll leave.
我要等他来以后再离开.
・ Go straight on untill you come to a large red building.
一直往前,走到一幢高大的红色建筑物为止.
・ Let's wait until the rain stops.
咱们等雨停吧.
・ The teacher kept on asking the students questions until the bell rang.
老师反复向学生提问,直到下课铃响.
连词 conj. (在否定句中)在…之前
in (in negative constructions) before
・ I shan't do that until you come back.
在你回来之前,我不会干那件事.
・ We won't come to any decision until we have had a chance to discuss the problem thoroughly.
我们有机会充分讨论这个问题再决定下来.
・ Until you told me I had no idea of it.
在你告诉我之前,我对此一无所知.
介词 prep. 直到…为止
up to a certain time
・ It was only a week until Christmas.
离圣诞节只有一个星期了.
・ She will stay until Saturday.
她要一直呆到星期六.
介词 prep. 在…之前;不到…(不)
before
・ I can't come until tomorrow.
我得明天才能来.
・ Not until noon did it stop raining.
直到中午雨才停止.
・ Until then, I knew nothing at all about it.
在那以前,我对此一无所知.
・ Until her father's death, she had always lived in London.
在她父亲去世之前,她一直住在伦敦.
篇5：until 的用法
作者：黄子琼
一、引导时间状语从句时，如果主句的谓语动词是持续性动词，那么这个主句常常用肯定式，表示动作一直持续到until所表示的时间为止。这时until可译作“直到……为止”。例如：
I'll wait here until he comes back.我要在这里等着，直到他回来。
二、引导时间状语从句时，如果主句的谓语动词是非持续性动词， 如：come , go , leave , begin , start , finish 等，那么这个主句常常要用否定式，表示某一动作到until所表示的时间才发生。not... until... 意为“直到……才……”。例如：
She didn't go to bed until she finished her homework. 她直到做完作业才去睡觉。
三、until用作连词引导时间状语从句时，从句表示的动作如果还没有发生，习惯上也要用一般现在时而不用一般将来时，也就是说当主句用一般将来时，until引导的时间状语从句要用一般现在时。例如：
Don't leave here until we come back. 在我们回来之前，不要离开这里。
另外，until引导的时间状语从句，谓语动词多用非持续性动词。
篇6：not until的用法有哪些
Not until用法
1. 如果（主）句中的谓语动词是终止性动词，应采用“... not ... until ...”结构，意为“……到……时候才……”。例如：
You mustn’t eat anything until you see the doctor.
看过医生之后，你才能吃东西。
Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.
车停稳了以后再下车。
2. 如果（主）句中的谓语动词是延续性动词，那么谓语动词用肯定式或否定式，它们所表达的意思有所不同。
1） 如果谓语动词为肯定式，则until译为“到……时候为止”。例如：
I watched TV until she came back.
我看电视一直看到她回来。
2） 如果谓语动词为否定式，则until应译为“到……时候才”，即“在……以前不”。例如：
I did not watch TV until she came back. （= I began to watch TV when/after she came back.）
直到她回来我才开始看电视。
3. 用终止性动词作谓语时， until既可以和not连用，又可以和never， nobody， nothing， few， little， seldom， hardly等含否定意义的词连用。例如：
I had not seen him until 1990. （= I had never seen him until 1990.）
1990年以前我从未见过他。
Don’t put off until tomorrow what you can do today. （= Never put off what you can do today till tomorrow.）
今日事，今日毕。
4. 连词until引导的从句中谓语动词的时态。
1）主句的谓语动词为一般现在时或一般将来时时， until从句中的谓语动词为现在完成时，用来强调从句谓语动词表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之前。试比较：
I won’t go to bed until I have finished my homework.
我要完成作业才睡觉。
2）主句中的谓语动词为一般过去时时，从句中的谓语动词为过去完成时，用来强调从句谓语动词的动作发生在主句谓语动词表示的.动作之前。试比较：
Li Lei didn’t come until the film had begun.
直到电影开演，李雷才来。
〔特别提醒〕till和until的意思基本相同，用法也基本一样，但until语气较重，多用于较正式的文体里。 till多用于英式英语， until多用于美式英语； till不能用在句首，也不能用在not开头的短语或从句里，而until可以。例如：
Until he came home， we knew the news.
在他到家之前，我们不知道这消息。
Not until nine o’clock yesterday evening did we finish the work.
直到昨晚九点，我们才完成这项工作。
Not until例句
It was not until morning that the sheer scale of the damage could be seen.
直到早晨才看清了损害的严重程度。
It was not until 1974 that his ability to write gelled again.
直到1974年，他的写作才华才又得以发挥。
It was not until 1911 that the first of the vitamins was identified.
直到19才发现了第一种维生素。
was not until yesterday that I learned it.
顶昨天我才听说这件事。
篇7：until的用法详解
表示“直到……为止”,两者常可换用,只是 until 比 till稍正式,所以在正式文体中,一般用 until,而在口语或非正式文体中则两者都可用.从其后所接成分来看,till多与名词或较短的从句连用,而较长较复杂的成分多用 until,位于句首时也多用 until.两者在用法上应注意以下几点：
1.引导时间状语从句时,其谓语要用现在时表示将来意义.如：
I won’t leave until he comes back tomorrow.我要等他明天回来后再走.
Continue in this direction until you see a sign.一直朝着这个方向走就看见指示牌了.
2.相关主句谓语必须是持续性动词,若是终止性动词,则应为否定式(因为终上性动词一旦被否定就成为状态,便可持续).如：
He waited until she was about to leave.他等着一直到她准备离开.
She didn’t marry until she was over fifty.她直到50多岁才结婚.
3.有时其后可跟副词或介词短语等.如：
He has been ill until recently.他最近一直生病.
Until when are you going to stay here?你在这儿要待到什么时候?
We didn’t eat till past midnight.直到午夜过后我们才吃饭.
She won’t go home until after the exam.她要考完试之后再回家.
如果语境的需要,有时甚至可以接带有“引导词”的从句.如：
Don’t leave until after I’ve spoken to you.我和你说完后再离开.
4.用于 not…until [till]…结构
(1) 可用于It is (was) not until [till]…that…这样的强调句型.如：
It was not until I met you that I knew real happiness.直到我遇到你以后,我才真正体会到幸福.
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.直到她取下墨镜,我才意识到她是一位著名影星.
(2) 若主句动词为终止性动词,其意为“直到……才……”;若主句为持续性动词,其意为“不到……就……”.比较：
They didn’t find her till the next day.他们直到第二天才找到她.
He didn’t wait until I returned.他没等到我回来(没等我回来他就走了).
有时 until 或 till 可以换成 before.如：
Until [Before] you told me,I had no idea of it.在你告诉我之前,我对此一无所知.(即直到你告诉我,我才知道)
(3) 若将not until [till]置于句首,其后的主句要用倒装语序.如：
Not until much later did she learn who her real father was.她很久以后才知道她真正的父亲是谁.
Not until he received her letter did he fully understand the depth of her feelings.他直到收到她的信之后才充分理解她的感情有多深.
until双语例句：
1、From September until December, Congress remained in session.
从9月到12月，国会一直都在开会。
2、The aid will not be disbursed until next year.
援助款到明年才会下拨。
3、Sarah was nine years old and until that moment she had been locked in a world of her own.
萨拉当时9岁，之前她一直封闭在自己的世界里。
4、Our pilot reduced height until we hugged the ground.
飞行员降低了高度，最后我们紧贴着地面飞行。
5、The prospect of having to pay a graduate tax until retirement would kill the students 'enthusiasm stone dead.
想到今后一直到退休为止都要缴毕业税，学生们的积极性会被彻底打消。
篇8：until的用法和例句
until的用法1：相关主句谓语必须是持续性动词,若是终止性动词,则应为否定式(因为终上性动词一旦被否定就成为状态,便可持续).
until的用法2：引导时间状语从句时,其谓语要用现在时表示将来意义.
until的用法3：有时其后可跟副词或介词短语等
until的用法4：用于 not…until [till]…结构
篇9：until的用法和例句
1. He then held the man in an armlock until police arrived.
然后他反扭住那名男子的手臂让他动弹不得，直到警察赶到。
2. He waited until all the luggage was cleared, but Paula's never appeared.
他一直等到所有的行李都拿走了，但始终没看见葆拉的。
3. It remained an exceptionally rare book until it was reprinted in 1918.
在19再版之前，这本书一直非常罕见。
4. Blend the butter with the sugar and beat until light and creamy.
把糖掺入黄油然后搅拌至滑软细腻。
5. He pushed everyone full speed ahead until production hit a bottleneck.
他催促所有人拼命干活，直到生产遭遇瓶颈。
6. Place the omelette under a gentle grill until the top is set.
将煎蛋饼放在烤架下用文火烘烤，直到表面凝固。
7. You lived on the farm until you came back to America?
你回美国之前一直生活在农场吗?
8. Britain did not introduce compulsory primary education until 1880.
直到1880年，英国才开始实行初等义务教育。
9. Claire stared after him until he disappeared around a corner.
克莱尔一直注视着他，直到他消失在拐角。
10. Both were remanded on bail by Wrexham magistrates until March 24.
两个人都被雷克瑟姆的地方治安官批准保释，直到3月24日审判。
11. The minutes towards departure ticked by, until finally the pilot arrived.
离出发的时间越来越近，最后飞行员终于到了。
12. Until next payday, I was literally without any money.
到下个发薪日前，我真的没有一点儿钱了。
13. Put the onions in the pan and cook until lightly browned.
将洋葱放入平底锅内，炒至略呈棕色。
14. A strong community cannot be built until the basics are in place.
只有基本原则确立了才能建立起一个强大的团体。
15. Stir the pork about until it turns white all the way through.
不停搅动猪肉，直到它全部变白为止。
until 作介词
作介词的until 的英文解释是up to a specified time (直到某一时刻)或up to the time of a specified event (直到发生某事).但注意观察下列句子,我们还可留意到until 在具体运用中的细微之处.
1. 用于肯定句中：
1) It may last until Friday. 这可能要延续到星期五.
2) He will be working until 5 o'clock. 他将一直工作到五点钟.
3) She was a bank clerk until the war, when she trained as a nurse. 她战前是个银行职员,战时受训当了护士.
不难看出until 用于肯定句中,表示句子的动作一直持续到until短语所表示的时间为止,即表示动作的终点.一般可译为“直到……时(为止)”或“在……以前”.在这种用法中,句子的谓语动词必须是持续动词(非瞬间动词),如live, wait , last, love, like, stay, work, continue 等.
2. 用于否定句中：
1) The secret was never told until after the old man's death. 这个秘密在老人去世后才说出来.
2) Don't open it until your birthday. 等到你过生日那天再打开.
3) She didn't sleep until eight. 她八点钟才睡觉.
不难看出until用于否定句中,表示句子的动作直到until短语所表示的时间才开始发生,即表示动作的起点.一般译为“直到……才”或“直到……之前(……还不)” .
until作连词
以同样的方式分析作连词的until的用法.作连词用的until的英文释义是up to the time when(直到……时为止).
1. 用于肯定句中：
1) Heat can be conducted from a hot body to a cooler one until both are at the same temperature.热可以从一个热的物体传到一个较冷的物体,直到两者温度相同为止.
2) Continue in this direction until you see a sign. 一直朝着这个方向走就会看见指示牌了.
3) He ran until he was breathless. 他一直跑到气喘吁吁才停下.
不难看出,作连词的until用于肯定句中,表示主句的动作一直持续到从句动作发生或状态出现时为止.一般可译为“……直到……为止”.在这种用法中,主句的谓语动词必须是持续动词(非瞬间动词),如live, wait , last, love, like, stay, work, continue 等.
2. 用于否定句中：
1) I hadn't realized she was foreign until she spoke. 她不说话我还一直不知道她是个外国人.
2) I won't stop shouting until you let me go. 你不放我,我就一直喊叫.
3) Among the great mathematicians there are about as many who showed mathematical talents in childhood as there are those who showed none at all until they are older. 在伟大的数学家中,童年就显露数学才华的人和直到相当年龄才显露才华的人差不多一样多.
不难看出,作连词的until用于否定句中,表示主句的动作在从句的动作发生之前尚未发生,或者说主句的动作在从句的动作发生之后才开始.一般可译为“直到……才”.
篇10：not until的用法时态
not until用法
1.如果（主）句中的谓语动词是终止性动词，应采用“...not...until...”结构，意为“……到……时候才……”。
2.如果（主）句中的'谓语动词是延续性动词，那么谓语动词用肯定式或否定式，它们所表达的意思有所不同。
1）如果谓语动词为肯定式，则until译为“到……时候为止”。
2）如果谓语动词为否定式，则until应译为“到……时候才”，即“在……以前不”。
3.用终止性动词作谓语时，until既可以和not连用，又可以和never，nobody，nothing，few，little，seldom，hardly等含否定意义的词连用。今日事，今日毕。
4.连词until引导的从句中谓语动词的时态。
篇11：propose详细用法总结
propose用法
1、propose somebody for something(提名某人做某事)的意思是指在会议上提议或提名某人担任某职位或参加某组织。其后接具体的职位时，for 也可换成 as;但若是指 position, post, job 之类的“职位”词，则只用 for 。
如：
I propose Mr Smith for [as] chairman. 我提名史密斯先生当主席。
2、propose something to someone(向某人提议用某事物)与职位无关，主要表示提出建议，供对方参考。
如：
He proposed a possible solution to me. 他向我提出了一个可能的解决方法。
Britain is about to propose changes to some institutions. 英国将提议对一些机构进行改革。
3、很显然，propose sb for sth(提名某人担任某职位)并不等价于 propose sth for sb(其实该结构中的 for 应是 to)。
initiate跟propose用法一致吗?
initiate的用法 英音An alliance has been launched in Beijing in an attempt to advance China's strategic plan for innovation.
The Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education Alliance consists of 137 universities and 50 enterprises.
Initiated by Tsinghua University, the alliance aims to build a platform for universities to share their experience in innovation and entrepreneurship, deepen educational reform and nurture students' innovative and entrepreneurial spirit.
Tsinghua University announced its proposal for the alliance in April and was supported by many other schools and enterprises.
A majority of the new alliance's members are key educational institutions, including Peking University, Tsinghua University, Zhejiang University in eastern China and Harbin Institute of Technology in northeast China.
语言点+词汇
The Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education Alliance
n. 中国高校创新创业教育联盟
由清华大学发起的、包括137所高校和50家企事业单位在内的联盟，6月11日在清华大学举行成立大会。该联盟将在教育部的指导下，联合各成员单位共同研讨创新创业教育的理念、方法和体制机制，为全社会提供优质的创新创业教育资源，形成良好的创新创业教育生态，培养更多创新创业人才，为实施创新驱动发展战略作贡献。
initiate
vt.发起，创始
initiate的这种用法跟propose一致，两者可以互换。同理，它们对应的名词形式initiative和proposal也一致，可以互换。
例句：
The project was initiated by a group of celebrities, so it’s not surprising that it received lots of press coverage from day one. (这个项目是由一群明星发起的，所以它从一开始就获得了大量的媒体报道，这并不让人觉得意外。)
I don’t care who initiated the plan. It doesn’t make sense, and I’m not going to greenlight it. (我不管这个计划最早是谁提出来的。它不合逻辑，我自然不会批准。)
Harbin Institute of Technology
n. 哈尔滨工业大学
简称哈工大，位于黑龙江省哈尔滨市，首批“211工程”、“985工程”重点建设院校，“九校联盟”、“中俄工科大学联盟”成员，入选国家首批“111计划”、“计划”、“卓越计划”，为中管副部级建制，由工信部、教育部、黑龙江省人民政府三方重点共建。哈尔滨工业大学溯源于19创办的哈尔滨中俄工业学校，建校初衷为培养铁路工程技术人才;而后历经“中俄工业大学校”、“哈尔滨工业大学校”、“哈尔滨高等工业学校”等多个阶段，在1938年1月正式定名为哈尔滨工业大学，沿用至今。
P.S. 涉及到“哈尔”的中国地名，在英语中的拼写一律采用har，而不用拼音ha’er。除了哈尔滨，另一典型是Qiqihar(齐齐哈尔)。
英语口语常用句型|I'd like to propose a toast
第四十一课
I'd like to propose a toast.
我提议敬......一杯酒。
用法透视
这个句型用来在酒会上提议为......干杯，给......敬酒。
支持范例
1. I'd like to propose a toast to all of you.
我提议大家为所有人干杯。
2. May I have your attention, please? I'd like to propose a toast to Harry.
请大家听我说，我提议大家为哈利干杯。
3. I'd like to propose a toast to our new secretary. Mary, welcome on board!
我想请大家为我们的新秘书敬一杯酒。玛丽，欢迎加入我们!
会话记忆
A: Everybody, I'd like to propose a toast to Mary Johnson, Teacher of the Year. She worked hard all year. She really deserved the honor.
各位，我提议大家为“年度最佳教师”玛丽·约翰逊敬一杯酒。她一整年辛勤工作，这份荣誉她当之无愧。
B: Yes, we're all proud of her!
对，我们都为她骄傲!
A: Here's to you, Mary!
敬你，玛丽!
B: Cheers!
干杯!
propose 不是「求婚」是什么?
美剧里，我们常常会听到女主角激动地说：
He proposed to me! 他向我求婚了。
没错，propose 的含义之一是动词「求婚」。propose to sb：向某人求婚。
其实完整的是：propose marriage to sb。
而本课我们要来学习propose 在商务环境里最常使用的含义：建议，提议。
PROPOSE
propose 作为「建议」的含义时，比 suggest 更加正式，我们来看几个常见的句型：
propose sth (doing sth.)
The mayor proposed a plan for a new bridge. 市长提出建造一座新大桥的计划。
He proposed dealing directly with the suppliers. 他建议直接和供应商打交道。
I propose going to an early film and having dinner afterwards. 我提议先去看一场电影然后再去吃晚饭。
推荐：33.14% 的美国人不用 supper 这个单词
propose that
She proposed that the book (should) be banned. 她提议这本书应该被禁止发行。
It was proposed that we (should) postpone making a decision until next month. 有人提议我们应该推迟到下个月做决定。
注意，propose 和 suggest 一样，在表示「建议，提议」的时候，从句需要使用虚拟语气。
propose a toast 请(大家)举杯祝贺
前面提到过 propose sth 的句型，那么如果 propose 的对象是 toast，那就是邀请大家举杯祝贺。
I'd like to propose a toast to the bride and groom. 我想请大家为新娘和新郎举杯庆贺。
推荐：为什么不要对新娘说 Congratulations?
PROPOSAL
propose 的名词是 proposal
作为销售人员，通常需要向客户提交一份 sales proposal，也就是「销售建议书」。
Proposals can make all the difference between losing a sale and closing one. 销售建议书可以决定是否能够达成一笔交易。
The proposal must showcase your value to your prospect's organization. 销售建议书必须表现出你对潜在客户公司的价值。
prospect，可以指「潜在客户」。推荐：辨析：perspective / prospective
【固定句型】sb+ propose/ask/require + that sb (should) do sth
今日句子讲解
在 Day 69 的文章中，我们总结了 It is + adj + that sb (should) do sth 这一基本句型。(戳此查看)
即当该形容词为 suggested/ required/ demanded 等表示 “建议” 以及 “要求” 等强烈情感的单词时，后面的 that 从句需要用虚拟语气，即：that sb (should)do sth.
今天，我们来看一个类似的句型：sb + propose/ask/require/demand/request/insist + that sb (should) do sth
来看一个例句：The Obama administration proposed that manufacturers stop selling antibiotics for growth promotion and that veterinary oversight be strengtheded for other uses.
句式分析：The Obama administration(主) proposed(谓)
① that(宾从) manufacturers(宾从主语) stop(谓) selling antibiotics (for growth promotion 后置定语)
and 并列
②that(宾从) veterinary oversight(宾从主语) be strengtheded(谓) /for other uses.状/
这句话当中，有两个并列的宾语从句。
并且，这个句子告诉了我们这个句型的两个应用：
(1)sb propose that sb (should) do sth.
(2)sb propose that sth (should) be done.'
翻译：
The Obama administration proposed that manufacturers stop selling antibiotics for growth promotion and that veterinary oversight be strengtheded for other uses. 奥巴马政府建议制造商停止销售促进生长的抗生素，并加强对其他使用场景的监督。
veterinary：兽医的
这里的 veterinary oversight 可以理解为“兽医监督”，因为抗生素的大部分使用场景还是在动物身上。
2
作业
The processes of photosynthesis, by which carbon dioxide and water are combined --in the presence of chlorophyll (叶绿素) and with energy derived from light -- to form sugars, require that carbon dioxide from the air enter the plant.
这句话当中，也有一个 sb require that sb (should) do sth 的结构。请仔细分析这个句子，并将其完整翻译出来哦~
篇12：prevent的详细用法总结
prevent的意思
vt. 预防;阻碍;阻止;[宗教]引领
vi. 阻挠，阻止;
【Until的详细用法总结】相关文章：
3.as的用法总结
10.高中生物知识点总结详细
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