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6月CET-4试题及答案-大学四六级

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6月CET-4试题及答案-大学四六级

篇1：6月CET-4试题及答案-大学四六级

Part IListening Comprehension(20 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

Example:You will hear:

You will read:

A) 2 hours.

B) 3 hours.

C) 4 hours.

D) 5 hours.

From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.

Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]

1.A) Place another order.

B) Call to check on it.

C) Wait patiently.

D) Go and find the furniture.

2.A) She doesn’t need the job.

B) She hasn’t got a job yet.

C) She has got a good job.

D) She is going to start work soon.

3.A) She got home before 9 o’clock.

B) She had a bad cold.

C) She had a car accident.

D) She was delayed.

4.A) She hasn’t gone camping for several weeks.

B) She like to take long camping trips.

C) She prefers not to go camping on weekends.

D) She often spends a lot of time planning her camping trips.

5.A) A writer.

B) A teacher.

C) A reporter.

D) A student.

6.A) She has not heard of Prof. Johnson.

B) She has not heard of Prof. Johnson’s brother.

C) She is a good friend of Prof. Johnson’s.

D) She does not know Prof. Johnson’s.

7.A) Coming back for a later show.

B) Waiting in a queue.

C) Coming back in five minutes.

D) Not going to the movie today.

8.A) He has got a heart attack.

B) He was unharmed.

C) He was badly hurt.

D) He has fully recovered from the shock.

9.A) The man went to Australia during Christmas.

B) The man visited Australia during the summer vacation.

C) The man didn’t have a good time because of the different weather.

D) The man remained home while his parents went to see his uncle.

10.A) To attend a party at a classmate’s home.

B) To do homework with her classmate.

C) To attend an evening class.

D) To have supper out with her classmate.

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

Passage one

Question 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.

11.A) He fell into the river but couldn’t swim.

B) He fell into the river together with his bike.

C) He had his foot caught between two posts in the river.

D) He dived into the river but couldn’t reach the surface.

12.A) He jumped into the river immediately.

B) He took off his coat and jumped into the water.

C) He dashed down the bridge to save the boy.

D) He shouted out for help.

13.A) He asked what the young man’s name was.

B) He asked the young man to take him home.

C) He gave his name and then ran away.

D) He thanked the young man and then ran away.

Passage Two

Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.

14.A) Alcohol helps develop people’s intelligence.

B) Heavy drinking is not necessarily harmful to one’s health.

C) Controlled drinking helps people keep their wits as they age.

D) Drinking, even moderately, may harm one’s health.

15.A) Worried.

B) Pleased.

C) Surprised.

D) Unconcerned.

16.A) At a conference.

B) In a newspaper.

C) On television.

D) In a journal.

Passage Three

Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.

17.A) To seek adventure there.B) To be with her mother on Christmas.

C) To see the animals and plants there.

D) To join her father on Christmas.

18.A) She was seriously injured.

B) She survived the accident.

C) She lost consciousness.

D) She fell into a stream.

19.A) To avoid hostile Indians.

B) To avoid the rain.

C) To avoid the strong sunlight.

D) To avoid wild animals.

20.A) They gave Julia food to eat.

B) They drove Julia to a hospital.

C) They invited Julia to their hut.

D) They took Julia to a village by boat.

Part IIVocabulary and Structure(20 minutes)

Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

21After the robbery, the shop installed a sophisticates alarm system as an insurance _________ further losses.

A) forB) from

C) againstD) towards

22___________ the earth to be flat, many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge of the earth.

A) Having believedB) Believing

C) BelievedD) Being believed

23A healthy life is frequently thought to be _______ with the open countryside and homegrown food.

A) tiedB) bound

C) involvedD) associated

24Sir Denis, who is 78, has made it known that much of his collection _________ to the nation.

A) has leftB) is to leave

C) leavesD) is to be left

25Before the first non-stop flight made in 1949, it ________ necessary for all planes to land for refueling.

A) would beB) has been

C) had beenD) would have been

26In Britain today women ______ 44% of the workhorse, and nearly half the mothers with children are in paid work.

A) build upB) stand for

C) make upD) conform to

27__________ might be expected, the response to the question was very mixed.

A) AsB) That

C) ItD) What

28If I correct someone, I will do it with as much good humor and self-restraint as if I were the one ____________.

A) to correctB) correcting

C) having correctedD) being corrected

29Features such as height, weight, and skin color _______ from individual to individual and from face to face.

A) changeB) vary

C) alterD) convert

30I make notes in the back of my diary _________ thing to be mended or replaced.

A) byB) in

C) withD) of

31The room is in a terrible mess; it _________ cleaned.

A) can’t have beenB) mustn’t have been

C) shouldn’t have beenD) wouldn’t have been

32A well-written composition __________ good choice of words and clear organization among other things.

A) calls onB) calls for

C) calls upD) calls off

33The traditional approach _________ with complex problems is to break them down into smaller, more easily managed problems.

A) to dealingB) in dealing

C) dealingD) to deal

34It has been revealed that some government leaders _________ their authority and position to get illegal profits for themselves.

A) employB) take

C) abuseD) overlook

35We were struck by the extent ___________ which teachers’ decisions served the interests of the school rather than those of the students.

A) toB) for

C) inD) with

36Shelly had prepared carefully for her biology examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first ____________.

A) intentionB) attempt

C) purposeD) desire

37The ancient Egyptians are supposed _________ rockets to the moon.

A) to sendB) to be sending

C) to have sentD) to have been sending

38The store had to ___________ a number of clerks because sales were down.

A) lay outB) lay off

C) lay asideD) lay down

39All the students in this class passed the English exam ________ the exception of Li Ming.

A) on B) in

C) forD) with

40Young adults ________ older people are more likely to prefer pop songs.

A) other thanB) more than

C) less thanD) rather than

41Writing is a slow process, requiring ________ thought, time, and effort.

A) significantB) considerable

C) enormousD) numerous

42___________ right now, she would get there on Sunday.

A) Would she leaveB) If she leavesC) Were she to leaveD) If she had left

43It’s already 5 o’clock now. Don’t you think it’s about time __________?

A) we are going homeB) we go home

C) we went homeD) we can go home

44Lightning is a ________ of electrical current from a cloud to the ground or from one cloud to another.

A) rushB) rainbow

C) rackD) ribbon

45Today, _________ major new products without conducting elaborate market research.

A) corporations hardly introduce ever

B) corporations hardly ever introduce

C) hardly corporations introduce ever

D) hardly corporations ever introduce

46I’ve already told you that I’m going to buy it, _

________.

A) however much it costsB) however does it costs much

C) how much does it costD) no matter how it costs

47New York ____ second in the production of apples, producing 850,000,000 pounds this year.

A) rankedB) occupied

C) arrangedD) classified

48Melted iron is poured into the mixer much _________ tea is poured into a cup from a teapot.

A) in the same way likeB) in the same way which

C) in the same wayD) in the same way as

49By success I don’t mean ________ usually thought of when that word is used.

A) what isB) that we

C) as youD) all is

50I caught a __________ of the taxi before it disappeared around the corner of the street.

A) visionB) glimpse

C) lookD) scene

Part IIIReading Comprehension(35 minutes)

Direction:There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B) C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

Passage One

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:

Exchange a glance with someone, then look away. Do you realize that you have made a statement? Hold the glance for a second longer, and you have made a different statement. Hold it for 3 seconds, and the meaning has changed again. For every social situation, there is a permissible time that you can hold a person’s gaze without being intimate, rude, or aggressive. If you are on an elevator, what gaze-time are you permitted? To answer this question, consider what you typically do. You very likely give other passengers a quick glance to size them up（打量）and to assure them that you mean no threat. Since being close to another person signals the possibility of interaction. You need to emit a signal telling others you want to be left alone. So you cut off eye contact, what sociologist Erving Goffman (1963) calls “a dimming of the lights.” You look down at the floor, at the indicator lights, anywhere but into another passenger’s eyes. Should you break the rule against staring at a stranger on an elevator, you will make the other person exceedingly uncomfortable, and you are likely to feel a bit strange yourself.

If you hold eye contact for more than 3 seconds, what are you telling another person? Much depends on the person and the situation. For instance, a man and a woman communicate interest in this manner. They typically gaze at each other for about 3 seconds at a time, then drop their eyes down for 3 seconds, before letting their eyes meet again. But if one man gives another man a 3-second-plus stare, he signals, “I know you”, “I am interested in you,” or “You look peculiar and I am curious about you.” This type of stare often produces hostile feelings.

51.It can be inferred form the first paragraph that _______.

A) every glance has its significance

B) staring at a person is an expression of interest

C) a gaze longer than 3 seconds is unacceptable

D) a glance conveys more meaning than words

52.If you want to be left alone on an elevator, the best thing to do is __________.

A) to look into another passenger’s eyes

B) to avoid eye contact with other passengers

C) to signal you are not a threat to anyone

D) to keep a distance from other passengers

53.By “a dimming of the lights” (Para.1, Line 9) Erving Goffman means “_______”.

A) closing one’s eyes

B) turning off the lights

C) creasing to glance at others

D) reducing gaze-time to the minimum

54.If one is looked at by a stranger for too long, he tends to feel ___________.

A) depressed

B) uneasy

C) curious

D) amused

55.The passage mainly discusses __________.

A) the limitations of eye contact

B) the exchange of ideas through eye contact

C) proper behavior in situations

D) the role of eye contact in interpersonal communication

Passage Two

Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage:

The picnics, speeches, and parades of today’s Labor Day were all part of the first celebration, held in New York City in 1882. Its promoter was an Irish-American labor leader named peter J. McGuire. A carpenter by trade, McGuire had worked since the age of eleven, and in 1882 was president of the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners (UBCJ). Approaching the City’s Central Labor Union that summer, he proposed a holiday that would applaud（赞许）”the industrial spirit-the great vital force of every nation,” On September 5 his suggestion bore fruit, as an estimated 10,000 workers, many of them ignoring their bosses’ warnings, left work to march from Union square up Fifth Avenue to 42nd Street. The event gained national attention, and by 1893 thirty states had made Labor Day an annual holiday.

The quick adoption of the scheme may have indicated less about the state lawmakers’ respect for working people than about a fear of risking their anger. In the 1880s the United States was a land sharply divided between the immensely wealthy and the very poor. Henry George was accurate in describing the era as one of “progress and poverty.” In a society in which factory, owners rode in private Pullmans while ten-year-olds slaved in the mines, strong anti-capitalist feeling ran high. Demands for fundamental change were common throughout the labor press. With socialists demanding an end to “wage slavery” and anarchists（无政府主义）singing the praises of the virtues of dynamite（炸药）, middle-of-the-roaders like Samuel Gompers and McGuire seemed attractively mild by comparison. One can imagine practical capitalists seeing Labor Day as a bargain: A one-day party certainly cost them less than paying their workers decent wages.

56.Judging from the passage, McGuire was ____________.

A) a moderate labor leader

B) an extreme-anarchist in the labor movement

C) a devoted socialist fighting against exploitation of man by man

D) a firm anti-capitalist demanding the elimination of wage slavery

57.We can see from the first paragraph that the first Labor Day march _________.

A) immediately won nationwide support

B) involved workers from 30 states

C) was opposed by many factory owners

D) was organized by the UBCJ

58.Which of the following is the key factor in the immediate approval of Labor Day as a national holiday?

A) The lawmakers’ respect for the workers

B) The worker’s determination to have a holiday of their own.

C) The socialists’ demands for thorough reform

D) The politicians’ fear of the workers’ anger.

59.We lean from the passage that the establishment of Labor Day ____________.

A) was accepted by most bosses as a compromise

B) marked a turning point in the workers’ struggle for more rights

C) indicated the improvement of the workers’ welfare

D) signaled the end of “wage slavery”

60.McGuire proposed Labor Day in order to ___________.

A) draw people’s attention to the striking contrast between the rich and the poor

B) make prominent the important role of the working class in society

C) win for the workers the right to shorter working hours

D) expose the exploitation of the workers by their bosses

Passage Three

Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage:

In the old day, children were familiar with birth and death as part of life. This is perhaps the first generation of American youngsters（年轻人）who have never been close by during the birth of a baby and have never experienced the death of a family member.

Nowadays when people grow old, we often send them to nursing homes. When they get sick, we transfer them to a hospital, where children are forbidden to visit terminally ill patients-even when those patients are their parents. This deprives（剥夺）the dying patient of significant family members during the last few days of his life and it deprives the children of an experience of death, which is an important learning experience.

Some of my colleagues and I once interviewed and followed approximately 500 terminally ill patients in order to find out what they could teach us and how we could be of more benefit, not just to them but to the members of their families as well. We are most impressed by the fact that even those patients who were not told of their serious illness were quite aware of its potential outcome.

It is important for family members, and doctors and nurses to understand these patients’ communications in order to truly understand their needs, fears, and fantasies（幻想）. Most of our patients welcomed another human being with whom they could talk openly, honestly, and frankly about their trouble. Many of them shared with us their tremendous need to be informed, to be kept up-to-date on their medical condition and to be told when the end was near. We found out that patients who had been dealt with openly and frankly were better able to cope with the approach of death and finally to reach a true stage of acceptance prior to death.

61.The elders of contemporary Americans ___________.

A) were often absent when a family member was born or dying

B) were quite unfamiliar with birth and death

C) usually witnessed the birth or death of a family member

D) had often experienced the fear of death as part of life

62.Children in America today are denied the chance __________.

A) to learn how to face death

B) to visit dying patients

C) to attend to patients

D) to have access to a hospital

63.Five hundred critically ill patients were investigated with the main purpose of _________.

A) observing how they reacted to the crisis of death

B) helping them and their families overcome the fear of death

C) finding out their attitude towards the approach of death

D) learning how to best help them and their families

64.The need of a dying patient for company shows ____________.

A) his desire for communication with other people

B) his fear of approaching death

C) his pessimistic attitude towards his condition

D) his reluctance to part with his family

65.It may be concluded from the passage that __________.

A) dying patients are afraid of being told of the approach of death

B) most doctors and nurses understand what dying patients need

C) dying patients should be truthfully informed of their condition

D) most patients are unable to accept death until it is obviously inevitable

Passage Four

Questions 66 to 70 are based on the following passage:

Faces, like fingerprints, are unique. Did you ever wonder how it is possible for us to recognize people. Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another. Yet a very young child-or even an animal, such as a pigeon-can learn to recognize faces, we all take this ability for granted.

We also tell people apart by how they behave. When we talk about someone’s personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks thinks and feels that make that individual different from others.

Like the human face, human personality is very complex. But describing someone’s personality in words is somewhat easier than describing his face. If you were asked to describe what a “nice face” looked like, you probably would have a difficult time doing so. But if you were asked to describe a “nice person”, you might begin to think about someone who was kind considerate, friendly, warm, and so forth.

There are many words to describe how a person thinks, feels and acts. Gordon Allport, an American psychologist, found nearly 18,000 English words characterizing differences in people’s behavior. And many of us use this information as a basis for describing, or typing, his personality. Bookworms, conservatives, military types-people are described with such terms.

People have always tried to “type” each other. actors in early Greek drama wore masks to show the audience whether they played the villain’s（坏人）or the hero’s role. In fact, the words “person” and “personality” come from the Latin persona, meaning “mask”. Today, most television and movie actors do not wear masks. But we can easily tell the “good guys” from the “bad guys” because the two types differ in appearance as well as inactions.

66.By using the example of finger prints, the author tells us that __________.

A) people can learn to recognize faces

B) people have different personalities

C) people have difficulty in describing the features of finger prints

D) people differ from each other in facial features

67.According to this passage, some animals have the gift of ___________.

A) telling people apart by how they behave

B) typing each other

C) telling good people from had people

D) recognizing human faces

68.Who most probably knows best how to describe people’s personality?

A) The ancient Greek audience

B) The movie actors

C) Psychologists

D) The modern TV audience

69.According to the passage, it is possible for us tell one type of person from another because ________.

A) people differ in their behavioral and physical characteristics

B) human fingerprints provide unique information

C) people’s behavior can be easily described in words

D) human faces have complex features

70.Which of the following is the major point of the passage?

A) Why it is necessary to identify people’s personality

B) Why it is possible to describe people

C) How to get to know people

D) How best to recognize people

Part IVTranslation(15 minutes)

Directions: In this part, there are four items which you should translate into Chinese, each item consisting of one or two sentences. These sentences are all taken from the Reading Passages you have just read in Part Three of Test Paper One. You are allowed 15 minutes to do the translation. You should refer back to the passages so as to identify their meanings in the context.

71. (Passage 1, Lines 6-7, Para.1)

You very likely give other passengers a quick glance to size them up and to assure them that you mean no threat.

72. (Passage 2, Lines 2-3, Para.2)

In the 1880s the United States was a land sharply divided between the immensely wealthy and the very poor.

73. (Passage 3, Lines 3-5, Para.3)

We were most impressed by the fact that even those patients who were not told of their serious illness were quite aware of its potential outcome

74. (Passage 4, Lines 2-3, Para.1)

Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another.

Part VWriting(30 minutes)

Directions:For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Global Shortage of Fresh Water. You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:

1. 人们以为淡水是取之不尽的

(提示：雨水、河水、井水．．．)

2. 实际上淡水是非常紧缺的

(提示：人口增加，工业用水增加，污染．．．)

3. 我们应该怎么办

Global Shortage of Fresh Water

参考答案：

1. C2. B3. D4. B5. C6. D7. A8. B9. A10. A

11. C12. A13. D14. C15. B16. A17. D18. B19. C20. D

21. C22. B23. D24. D25. C26. C27. A28. D29. B30. D

31. A32. B33. A34. C35. A36. B37. C38. B39. D40. D

41. B42. C43. C44. A45. B46. A47. A48. D49. A50. B

51. A52. B53. C54. B55. D56. A57. C58. D59. A60. B

61. C62. B63. D64. A65. C66. D67. D68. C69. A70. B

71. 你很可能给其他乘客很快的一瞥，打量他们一下，以此让他们确信你对他们没有威胁。

72. 十九世纪八十年代的`美国是一个贫富分化极为分明的国家。

73. 给我们留下极深印象的事实是：即使那些没有被告知严重病情的病人，对其疾病的潜在后果也是非常清楚的。

74. 即使是很老到的作家也很可能不能描述出区分人脸的全部特征。

篇2：6月大学英语六级模拟试题及答案

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Travel-mate Wanted. You should write at least 150 word following the outline given below:

假设你是李明，假期即将到来，你打算做一次为期三周的旅行，希望找个外国朋友作为游伴(Travel-mate)。拟一个寻游伴的启事，交代清楚日程安排、费用分担情况、对对方的要求等，并说明对方和你一起出游的好处。

Travel-mate Wanted

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-4, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.

For questions 5-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

Is College Really Worth the Money?

The Real World

Este Griffith had it all figured out. When she graduated from the University of Pittsburgh in April , she had her sights set on one thing: working for a labor union.

The real world had other ideas. Griffith left school with not only a degree, but a boatload of debt. She owed $15,000 in student loans and had racked up $4,000 in credit card debt for books, groceries and other expenses. No labor union job could pay enough to bail her out.

So Griffith went to work instead for a Washington, D.C. firm that specializes in economic development. Problem solved? Nope. At age 24, she takes home about $1,800 a month, $1,200 of which disappears to pay her rent. Add another $180 a month to retire her student loans and $300 a month to whittle down her credit card balance. “You do the math,” she says.

Griffith has practically no money to live on. She brown-bags(自带午餐)her lunch and bikes to work. Above all, she fears she'll never own a house or be able to retire. It's not that she regrets getting her degree. “But they don't tell you that the trade-off is the next ten years of your income,” she says.

That's precisely the deal being made by more and more college students. They're mortgaging their futures to meet soaring tuition costs and other college expenses. Like Griffith, they're facing a one-two punch at graduation: hefty(深重的)student loans and smothering credit card debt―not to mention a job market that, for now anyway, is dismal.

“We are forcing our children to make a choice between two evils,” says Elizabeth Warren, a Harvard Law professor and expert on bankruptcy. “Skip college and face a life of diminished opportunity. or go to college and face a life shackled(束缚)by debt.”

Tuition Hikes

For some time, colleges have insisted their steep tuition hikes are needed to pay for cutting-edge technologies, faculty and administration salaries, and rising health care costs. Now there's a new culprit(犯人): shrinking state support. Caught in a severe budget crunch, many states have sharply scaled back their funding for higher education.

Someone had to make up for those lost dollars. And you can guess who―especially if you live in Massachusetts, which last year hiked its tuition and fees by 24 percent, after funding dropped by 3 percent, or in Missouri, where appropriations(拨款)fell by 10 percent, but tuition rose at double that rate. About one-third of the states, in fact, have increased tuition and fees by more than 10 percent.

One of those states is California, and Janet Burrell's family is feeling the pain. A bookkeeper in Torrance, Burrell has a daughter at the University of California at Davis Meanwhile, her sons attend two-year colleges because Burrell can't afford to have all of them in four-year schools at once.

Meanwhile, even with tuition hikes, California's community colleges are so strapped for cash they dropped thousands of classes last spring. The result: 54,000 fewer students.

Collapsing Investments

Many families thought they had a surefire plan: even if tuition kept skyrocketing, they had invested enough money along the way to meet the costs. Then a funny thing happened on the way to Wall Street. Those investments collapsed with the stock market. Among the losers last year: the wildly popular “529” plans―federal tax-exempt college savings plans offered by individual states, which have attracted billions from families around the country. “We hear from many parents that what they had set aside declined in value so much that they now don't have enough to see their students through,” says Penn State financial aid director Anna Griswold, who witnessed a 10 percent increase in loan applications last year. Even with a market that may be slowly recovering, it will take time, perhaps several years, for people to recoup(补偿)their losses.

Nadine Sayegh is among those who didn't have the luxury of waiting for her college nest egg to grow back. Her father had invested money toward her tuition, but a large chunk of it vanished when stocks went south. Nadine was then only partway through college. By graduation, she had taken out at least $10,000 in loans, and her mother had borrowed even more on her behalf. Now 22, Nadine is attending law school, having signed for yet more loans to pay for that. “There wasn't any way to do it differently,” she says, “and I'm not happy about it. I've sat down and calculated how long it will take me to pay off everything. I'll be 35 years old.” That's if she's very lucky: Nadine based her calculation on landing a job right out of law school that will pay her at least $120,000 a year.

Dependent on Loans and Credit Cards

The American Council on Education has its own calculation that shows how students are more and more dependent on loans. In just five years, from 1995 to , the median loan debt at public institutions rose from $10,342 to $15,375. Most of this comes from federal loans, which Congress made more tempting in 1992 by expanding eligibility (home equity no longer counts against your assets) and raising loan limits (a dependent undergraduate can now borrow up to $23,000 from the federal government).

But students aren't stopping there. The College Board estimates that they also borrowed $4.5 billion from private lenders in the 2000-2001 academic year, up from $1.5 billion just five years earlier.

For lots of students, the worst of it isn't even the weight of those direct student loans. It's what they rack up on all those plastic cards in their wallets. As of two years ago, according to a study by lender Nellie Mae, more than eight out of ten undergrads had their own credit cards, with the typical student carrying four. That's no big surprise, given the in-your-face marketing by credit card companies, which set up tables on campus to entice(诱惑)students to sign up. Some colleges ban or restrict this hawking, but others give it a boost. You know those credit cards emblazoned with a school's picture or its logo? For sanctioning such a card―a must-have for some students―a college department or association gets payments from the issuer. Meanwhile, from freshman year to graduation, according to the Nellie Mae study, students triple the number of credit cards they own and double their debt on them. As of 2001, they were in the hole an average $2,327.

A Wise Choice?

One day, Moyer sat down with his mother, Janne O'Donnell, to talk about his goal of going to law school. Don't count on it, O'Donnell told him. She couldn't afford the cost and Moyer doubted he could get a loan, given how much he owed already. “He said he felt like a failure,” O'Donnell recalls. “He didn't know how he had gotten into such a mess.”

A week later, the 22-year-old hanged himself in his bedroom, where his mother found him. O'Donnell is convinced the money pressures caused his suicide. “Sean tried to pay his debts off,” she says. “And he couldn't take it.”

To be sure, suicides are exceedingly rare. But despair is common, and it sometimes leads students to rethink whether college was worth it. In fact, there are quite a few jobs that don't require a college degree, yet pay fairly well. On average, though, college graduates can expect to earn 80 percent more than those with only a high school diploma. Also, all but two of the 50 highest paying jobs (the exceptions being air traffic controllers and nuclear power reactor operators) require a four-year college degree. So foregoing a college education is often not a wise choice.

Merit Mikhail, who graduated last June from the University of California, Riverside, is glad she borrowed to get through school. But she left Riverside owing $20,000 in student loans and another $7,000 in credit card debt. Now in law school, Merit hopes to become a public-interest attorney, yet she may have to postpone that goal, which bothers her. To handle her debt, she'll probably need to start with a more lucrative(有利的)legal job.

Like so many other students. Mikhail took out her loans on a kind of blind faith that she could deal with the consequences. “You say to yourself, 'I have to go into debt to make it work, and whatever it takes later, I'll manage.'” Later has now arrived, and Mikhail is finding out the true cost of her college degree.

1. Griffith worked for a firm that specialized in economic development in Washington D.C. because she needed money to pay for her debt.

2. The only problem the students are facing at graduation is the dismal job market.

3. One reason why colleges increase tuition and fees is that the state support is shrinking.

4. Nearly all the families can manage to meet the soaring tuition costs through various investment plans.

5. According to Nadine's calculation, she can pay off all her debt when she is ________ if she can get a salary of $120,000 a year right out of law school.

6. Students get money from not only federal loans but also ________.

7. The college department or association can get payments from the issuer if it sanctions credit cards decorated with ________.

8. O'Donnell thinks that the cause of her 22-year-old son's suicide is ________.

9. The author says that foregoing a college education is often not a wise choice because ________ of the 50 highest paying jobs require a four-year college degree except for air traffic controllers and nuclear power reactor operators.

10. Merit will have to start with a more lucrative legal job instead of her favorite position―a public-interest attorney because she has to ________.

Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words on Answer Sheet 2.

Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.

Scientists say they have high hopes for a drug that could one day provide a new form of treatment for HIV-AIDS. A compound, which interferes with an elusive protein used by the HIV virus to infect human cells, has worked extremely well in monkeys. If the drug proves effective in human trials, scientists say, it could bolster(加强)the effectiveness of two existing AIDS drugs, particularly in fighting drug-resistant strains of the virus.

Researchers at the pharmaceutical(制药的)company Merck are very excited about an experimental drug, which has worked as well in monkeys infected with a primate version of the virus as any of the existing anti-AIDS drugs.

It works by blocking one of three proteins, or enzymes, the HIV virus uses to gain entrance into and infect human immune system cells.

Inhibitor drugs have been developed to block two of the proteins, to slow progression of the disease after infection. They have become standard therapy as a “cocktail” for people infected with HIV.

Those enzymes are reverse transcriptase (转录酶)and protease(蛋白酶). The first converts the virus' genetic material into that of its host cells. The second chops up the resulting larger proteins into smaller pieces, producing smaller viral particles that infect new cells.

The third prong of cellular attack is a protein called integrase(整合酶), which experts say has been harder to block. Once HIV fools host cells by changing its genetic information so it can enter them, integrase acts like a cut and paste operation in a word processor, deleting an immune cell's genetic material and replacing it with its own.

An integrase inhibitor would give doctors a third line of attack against HIV infection, according to virologist Daria Hazuda of the division of Virus and Cell Biology at Merck.

“This would offer a third class of anti-retroviral medications that can be combined with reverse transcriptase inhibitors and protease inhibitors. And since it is a new mechanism of action, these compounds are active against multi-drug resistant variants. So variants that are resistant to all current therapies have been selected in HIV-patients,” she said.

Current anti-AIDS drugs eventually become resistant to therapy, or stop working, because the virus changes its shape.

While researchers are encouraged by the success with the compound's effectiveness in monkey trials, developing a drug that is equally effective in humans can be difficult.

Steven Young is executive director of the Department of Medicinal Chemistry at Merck. He says, if scientists find a compound that is equally effective in people, the company would ask U.S. regulators to speed approval of the drug.

“Yeah, I really think that's what we're hoping for,” he said. “I mean, we need to get data that show it has robust anti-viral effects in people. And if we're able to get that data, I think we would petition for fast track status.”

Dr. Young says an integrase inhibitor has the potential to prevent drug resistance.

“To ensure our best chance of preventing resistance, we would give this as part of a cocktail therapy,” he added. “And I think it's really our plan that we would test this with reverse transcriptase inhibitors and protease inhibitors, as well.”

47. If the drug proves effective in human trials, it could enhance the effectiveness of existing AIDS drugs in ________.

48. What has become standard cocktail therapy?

49. While integrase deletes an immune cell's genetic material and replaces it with its own, it acts like ________ in a word processor.

50. Why would anti-AIDS drugs stop working?

51. According to Steven Young, if scientists get the data that ________, they would petition for fast track status.

Section B

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.

Passage One

Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.

Occasional self-medication has always been part of normal living. The making and selling of drugs have a long history and are closely linked, like medical practice itself, with the belief in magic. Only during the last hundred years or so has the development of scientific techniques made it possible for some of the causes of symptoms to be understood, so that more accurate diagnosis has become possible. The doctor is now able to follow up the correct diagnosis of many illnesses with specific treatment of their causes. In many other illnesses, of which the causes remain unknown, it is still limited, like the unqualified prescriber, to the treatment of symptoms. The doctor is trained to decide when to treat symptoms only and when to attack the cause: this is the essential difference between medical prescribing and self-medication.

The advance of technology has brought about much progress in some fields of medicine, including the development of scientific drug therapy. In many countries public health organization is improving and people's nutritional standards have risen. Parallel with such beneficial trends have two adverse effects. One is the use of high-pressure advertising by the pharmaceutical industry, which has tended to influence both patients and doctors and has led to the overuse of drugs generally. The other is the emergence of the sedentary society with its faulty ways of life: lack of exercise, over-eating, unsuitable eating, insufficient sleep, excessive smoking and drinking. People with disorders arising from faulty habits such as these, as well as from unhappy human relationships, often resort to self-medication and so add the taking of pharmaceuticals to the list. Advertisers go to great lengths to catch this market.

Clever advertising, aimed at chronic sufferers who will try anything because doctors have not been able to cure them, can induce such faith in a preparation, particularly if steeply priced, that it will produce―by suggestion―a very real effect in some people. Advertisements are also aimed at people suffering from mild complaints such as simple colds and coughs, which clear up by themselves within a short time.

These are the main reasons why laxatives, indigestion remedies, painkillers, tonics, vitamin and iron tablets and many other preparations are found in quantity in many households. It is doubtful whether taking these things ever improves a person's health; it may even make it worse. Worse because the preparation may contain unsuitable ingredients; worse because the taker may become dependent on them; worse because they might be taken in excess; worse because they may cause poisoning, and worse of all because symptoms of some serious underlying cause may be masked and therefore medical help may not be sought.

52. The first paragraph is intended to ________.

[A] suggest that self-medication has a long history

[B] define what diagnosis means exactly

[C] praise doctors for their expertise

[D] tell the symptoms from the causes

53. Advertisements are aimed at people suffering from mild complaints because ________.

[A] they often watch ads on TV

[B] they are more likely to buy the drugs advertised

[C] they generally lead a sedentary life

[D] they don't take to sports and easily catch colds

54. Paragraphs 2 and 3 explain ________.

[A] those good things are not without side effects

[B] why clever advertising is so powerful

[C] why in modern times self-medication is still practised

[D] why people develop faulty ways of life

55. The author tells us in paragraph 4 ________.

[A] the reasons for keeping medicines at home

[B] people's doubt about taking drugs

[C] what kind of medicine people should prepare at home

[D] the possible harms self-medication may do to people

56. The best title for the passage would be ________.

[A] Medical Practice [B] Clever Advertising

[C] Self-Medication [D] Self-Treatment

篇3：6月大学英语六级考试试题及答案

6月大学英语六级考试试题及答案

Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

Example: You will hear:

You will read:

A) 2 hours.

B) 3 hours.

C) 4 hours.

D) 5 hours.

From the conversation we know that the two are talking about some work they will start at 9 o'clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.

Sample Answer [A][B][C][D]

1.A) He will tell Mary how to operate the dishwasher.

B) He will wash the dishes himself instead.

C) He will help Bill to translate the manual.

D) He himself will operate the dishwasher.

2.A) Lose weight C) Weigh himself frequently.

B) Quit smoking. D) Have a talk with the doctor.

3.A) The woman should have complained to her neighbor.

B) The woman should stay out until the neighbors are quiet.

C) The woman should have stayed at the library.

D) The lab will be a better place for reading.

4.A)Check the figures later today. C) Bring a calculator tomorrow.

B) Do the calculations again tomorrow. D) Calculate the number right now.

5.A) She doesn't remember much about the cit

篇4：6月大学英语六级考试试题及答案

6月大学英语六级考试试题及答案

[Section A]

1.A 材料略?

A) Registering for courses. C) Buying a new computer.

B) Getting directions. D) Studying sociology.

[分析］显然，关键词是deadline（最终期限）和course（课程），选课的截止日期是后天，但他还没有决定选那一门课。答案为A.

2.D 材料略?

A) The man will probably have to find a roommate.

B) The man is unlikely to live in the suburbs.

C) The man will probably have to buy a car.

D) The man is unlikely to find exactly what he desires.

[分析］从对话中可知，300元的'房子很难找，更何况200元的房子？答案为D.

3.B 材料略?

A) Painting a picture. C) Designing a studio.

B) Hosting a programD) Taking a photograph.

[分析］从对话中可知，Prof.Brown 应邀去作嘉宾，自然，那女人是节目主持人．答案B．

4.C 材料略?

A) The woman doesn't think it a problem to get her passport renewed.

B) The woman has difficulty renewing her passport.

C) The woman hasn't renewed her passport yet.

D) The woman's passport is still valid.?

[分析］“更新密码时碰到什么问题？”“我还没有开始呢．”答案C．

5.B 材料略?

A) A prediction of the future of mankind.

B) A new drug that may benefit mankind.

C) An opportunity for a good job.

D) An unsuccessful experiment.

[分析］中心词是medicine，答案B．(drug，药）

6.A 材料略?

A) A lesson requires students' active involvement.

B) Students usually take an active part in a lecture.

C) More knowledge is covered in a lecture.

D) There is a larger group of people interested in lessons.?

[分析］两人讨论的是lesson和lecture的区别，注意细节but the main difference is that you participate in a lesson whereas you just listen to a lecture，可知，lesson 中你参与，而lecture中则不然。whereas 然而，反之。答案A．

7.B 材料略?

A) Neither of their watches keeps good time.

B) The woman's watch stopped 3 hours ago.

C) The man's watch goes too fast.

D) It's too dark for the woman to read her watch.?

[分析］从对话中可知，那个男人的表停了3个小时，因为他4点时说天黑了，而实际上是7点了。答案B．

8.D 材料略?

篇5：6月大学英语六级模预测试题及答案

Section B

Passage One

Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.

For about three centuries we have been doing science, trying science out, using science for the construction of what we call modern civilization. Every dispensable item of contemporary technology, from canal locks to dial telephones to penicillin, was pieced together from the analysis of data provided by one or another series of scientific experiments. Three hundred years seems a long time for testing a new approach to human inter-living, long enough to set back for critical appraisal of the scientific method, maybe even long enough to vote on whether to go on with it or not. There is an argument.

Voices have been raised in protest since the beginning, rising in pitch and violence in the nineteenth century during the early stages of the industrial revolution, summoning urgent crowds into the streets on the issue of nuclear energy. “Give it back,” say some of the voices, “It doesn't really work, we've tried it and it doesn't work. Go back three hundred years and start again on something else less chancy for the race of man.”

The principle discoveries in this century, taking all in all, are the glimpses of the depth of our ignorance of nature. Things that used to seem clear and rational, and matters of absolute certainty-Newtonian mechanics, for example-have slipped through our fingers; and we are left with a new set of gigantic puzzles, cosmic uncertainties, and ambiguities. Some of the laws of physics are amended every few years; some are canceled outright; some undergo revised versions of legislative intent as if they were acts of Congress.

Just thirty years ago we call it a biological revolution when the fantastic geometry of the DNA molecule was exposed to public view and the linear language of genetics was decoded. For a while, things seemed simple and clear: the cell was a neat little machine, a mechanical device ready for taking to pieces and reassembling, like a tiny watch. But just in the last few years it has become almost unbelievably complex, filled with strange parts whose functions are beyond today's imagining.

It is not just that there is more to do, there is everything to do. What lies ahead, or what can lie ahead if the efforts in basic research are continued, is much more than the conquest of human disease or the improvement of agricultural technology or the cultivation of nutrients in the sea. As we learn more about fundamental processes of living things in general we will learn more about ourselves.

52. What CANNOT be inferred from the first paragraph?

[A] Scientific experiments in the past three hundred years have produced many valuable items.

[B] For three hundred years there have been people holding a hostile attitude toward science.

[C] Modern civilization depends on science so man supports scientific progress unanimously.

[D] Some people think three hundred years is not long enough to set back for critical appraisal of scientific method.

53. The principle discovery in this century shows ________.

[A] man has overthrown Newton's laws of physics

[B] man has solved a new set of gigantic puzzles

[C] man has lost many scientific discoveries

[D] man has given up some of the once accepted theories

54. Now scientists have found in the past few years ________.

[A] the exposure of DNA to the public is unnecessary

[B] the tiny cell in DNA is a neat little machine

[C] man knows nothing about DNA

[D] man has much to learn about DNA

55. The writer's main purpose in writing the passage is to say that ________.

[A] science is just at its beginning

[B] science has greatly improved man's life

[C] science has made profound progress

[D] science has done too little to human beings

56. The writer's attitude towards science is ________.

[A] critical [B] approving [C] neutral [D] regretful

Passage Two

Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

Here amid the steel and concrete canyons, green grass grows. A hawthorn tree(山楂树) stands in new soil, and freshly dug plants bend in the wind.

But Chicago City Hall here seems an unlikely spot for a garden of any variety―especially 20,000 square feet of gardens―on its roof.

As one of a handful of similar projects around the country, the garden is part of a $1.5 million demonstration projected by the city to reduce its “urban heat islands”, said William Abolt, the commissioner of the Department of Environment.

Heat islands-dark surfaces in the city, like rooftops-soak up heat. The retention can bake a building, making it stubborn to cooling.

The roof of City Hall, a 90-year-old gray stone landmark on LaSalle Street in the heart of downtown, has been known to reach temperature substantially hotter than the actual temperature on the street below.

The garden will provide greenery and shade. “And that,” said the city officials, “will save the city dollars on those blistering summer days.” The project savings from cooling is about $4,000 a year on a new roof whose life span is about 50 percent longer than that of a traditional roof.

The sprawling open-air rooftop garden is being carefully built on a multi-tiered bed of special soil, polystyrene, egg-carton-shaped cones and “waterproof membrane” mall to keep the roof from leaking, or caving under the normal combined weight of soil, rain and plant life.

The design calls for soil depths of 4 inches to 18 inches. When the last plants and seedlings are buried and the last bit of compost is laid, the garden will have circular brick stepping-stones winding up to hills.

“The primary focus of what we want to do was to establish this laboratory on the top of City Hall to get people involved and understanding their impact on the environment and how the little things can make an impact on the quality of life”, Mr. Abolt said, adding that the plants also help to clear the air.

Rooftop gardens, in places where concrete jungles have erased plants and trees, are not new, not even in Chicago. Arms of greenery dangling over terraces or sprouting from rooftops, common in Europe, are becoming more so in the United States as people become increasingly conscious about the environment.

Richard M. Daley, who urged the environmental department to look into the project after noticing rooftop gardens in Hamburg, Germany a few years ago, has praised the garden as the first of its kind on a public building in the country.

It will hold thousands of plants in more than 150 species-wild onion and butterfly weed, sky-blue aster and buffalo grass-to provide data on what species adapt best. Small plants requiring shallow soil depths were chiefly selected.

57. The rooftop garden project ________.

[A] is common and popular in the country

[B] is a demonstration project and costs the city government 1.5 million dollars

[C] will make the ordinary cooling down of the city in summer unnecessary

[D] aims at getting people involved and understanding their impact on the environment

58. What can we learn about the City Hall?

[A] It was built ninety years ago and is the most outstanding feature in the center of the city.

[B] It is originally proper to build a garden on the top of the City Hall.

[C] The temperature on its top is a little bit lower than that on the street below.

[D] It is the first building in America to have a garden on it.

59. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

[A] Every year, Chicago spends about $ 4,000 on cooling the city.

[B] The design of the garden on the City Hall specially takes into consideration the weight the roof can stand.

[C] The Mayor urged the environmental department to look into rooftop gardens in Hamburg and build similar ones in America.

[D] Heat islands mainly refer to those dark-colored rooftops which receive and retain heat and will not easily release the heat.

60. Why should the rooftop garden be built on the top of City Hall other than on any other buildings?

[A] Because the City Hall is large.

[B] Because the mayor had urged the environmental department to do so.

[C] Because it can make people understand their impact on environment better through a public building.

[D] Because the experts just want to make the City Hall a convenient laboratory.

61. The word “substantially” (Line 2, Para. 5) most likely means ________.

[A] a little bit [B] in fact [C] materially [D] considerably

Part V Error Correction (15 minutes)

Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word. put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (/) in the blank.

Example:

Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periods. 1. time/times/period

Many of the arguments having used for the study of literature 2. ____/____

as a school subject are valid for ∧ study of television. 3. ____the____

Language learning begins with listening. Individual

children vary greatly in the amount of listening they do after 62. ________

they start speaking, and late starters are often long listeners.

Most children will “obey” spoken instructions some time

before they can speak, though the word obey is hardly

accurate like a description of the eager and delighted 63. ________

cooperation usually shown by the child. Before they can

speak, many children will ask questions in gesture and by 64. ________

making questioning noises. Any attempt to trace the

development from the noises babies make to their first

spoken words lead to considerable difficulties. It is agreed 65. ________

they enjoy making noises, and that during the first 66. ________

few months one or two noise sort themselves out as 67. ________

particular indicative of delight, distress, sociability, and so 68. ________

on. But since these can be said to show the baby's intention to 69. ________

communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of

language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they

play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they

are able to add new sounds to their repertoire. This

self-imitation leads on to deliberate imitation of sounds

making or words spoken to them by other people. The 70. ________

problem then arises as to the point which one can say that 71. ________

these imitations can be considered as speech.

Part VI Translation (5 minutes)

Directions: Complete the following sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.

72. It turned out that getting fired from that company ________________________ (对我来说是发生在我身上的最棒的事情).

73. It is necessary that ________________________ (马上把他送到医院).

74. Make a list each day of all that you are grateful for, ________________________ (这样你就能每天都注意到从别人那里得到了什么).

75. His silence suggested that ________________________ (他赞成我的决定，并决定执行那个计划).

76. Only with combined efforts, ________________________ (我们才能期望我们的国家有新的面貌).

篇6：6月大学英语四级预测试题及答案

Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)

Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

Passage One

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

There is a difference between science and technology. Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems. Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for implementing the finding of science.

Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each.

Progress in science excludes the human factor. Scientists, who seek to comprehend the universe and know the truth within the highest degree of accuracy and certainty, cannot pay attention to their own or other people's likes or dislikes or to popular ideas about the fitness of things. What scientists discover may shock or anger people-as did Darwin's theory of evolution. But even an unpleasant truth is more than likely to be useful; besides, we have the choice of refusing to believe it! But hardly so with technology; we do not have the choice of refusing to hear the sonic boom produced by a supersonic aircraft flying overhead; we do not have the option of refusing to breathe polluted air; and we do not have the option of living in a non-atomic age. Unlike science progress, technology must be measured in terms of the human factor. The legitimate purpose of technology is to serve people in general, not merely some people; and future generations, not merely those who presently wish to gain advantage for themselves. Technology must be humanistic if it is to lead to a better world.

21. The difference between science and technology lies in that _____.

A) the former provides answers to theoretical questions while the latter to practical problems

B) the former seeks to comprehend the universe while the latter helps change the material world

C) the former aims to discover the inter-connections of facts and the rules that explain them while the latter, to discover new designs and ways of making the things we use in our daily life

D) all of the above

22. Which of the following may be representative of science?

A) The improvement of people's life.

B) The theory of people's life.

C) Farming tools.

D) Mass production.

23. According to the author, scientific theories _____.

A) must be strictly objective

B) usually take into consideration people's likes and dislikes

C) should conform to popular opinions

D) always appear in perfect and finished forms

24. The author states that technology itself _____.

A) is responsible for widespread pollution and resource exhaustion

B) should serve those who wish to gain advantage for themselves

C) will lead to a better world if put to wise use

D) will inevitably be for bad purpose

25. The tone of the author in this passage is _____.

A) positive

B) negative

C) factual

D) critical

Passage Two

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.

Americans have always been ambivalent in their attitudes toward education. On the one hand, free and universal public education was seen as necessary in a democracy, for how else would citizens learn how to govern themselves in a responsible way? On the other hand, America was always a country that offered financial opportunities for which education was not needed: on the road from rags to riches, schooling-beyond the basics of reading, writing, and arithmetic-was an unnecessary detour.

Even today, it is still possible for people to achieve financial success without much education, but the number of situations in which this is possible is decreasing. In today's more complex world, the opportunities for financial success is closely related to the need for education, especially higher education.

Our society is rapidly becoming one whose chief product is information, and dealing with this information requires more and more specialized education. In other words, we grow up learning more and more about fewer and fewer subjects.

In the future, this trend is likely to continue. Tomorrow's world will be even more complex than today's world, and, to manage this complexity, even more specialized education will be needed.

26. The topic treated in this passage is _____.

A) education in general

B) Americans' attitudes

C) higher education

D) American education

27. Americans' attitudes toward education have always been _____.

A) certain B) contradictory

C) ambitious D) unclear

28. Today, financial success is closely related to the need for _____.

A) higher education B) public education

C) responsible citizens D) learning the basics

29. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that _____.

A) information is our only product

B) education in the future will be specialized

C) we are entering an age of information

D) we are living in an age of information

30. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A) The History of American Education.

B) The Need for Specialized Education.

C) The Future of the American Educational System.

D) Attitudes toward American Education.

篇7：大学6月英语四六级分数分配

根据全国大学英语四、六级考委会办公室官方消息，6月大学英语四六级考试成绩将于8月19日上午9时发布。

听力

全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会自206月考试起将对四、六级考试的听力试题作局部调整。

四级听力部分各项占比：短篇新闻7%，长对话20%，听力篇章20%;

六级听力部分各项占比：长对话8%，听力篇章7%，讲座/讲话20%。听力分值占比15%。

1)四级对话部分(Listening Conversations)：

对话部分共25题，包括短篇新闻，长对话和听力篇章。均采用多项选择题的形式进行考核，每段对话均朗读一遍。

短篇新闻：有3段，共7题，每题1分;分值占比7%。

长对话：有2篇，共8题，每题1分;分值占比8%。

听力篇章：有3篇，共10题，每题2分;分值占比20%。

大学英语四级考试听力样题(年6月起)

2)六级对话部分(Listening Conversations)：

包括长对话，听力篇章和讲座/讲话。均采用多项选择题的形式进行考核，每段对话均朗读一遍。

长对话：有2篇，共8题，每题1分;分值占比8%。

听力篇章：有2篇，共7题，每题1分;分值占比7%。

讲座/讲话：有3篇，共10题，每题2分;分值占比20%。

阅读理解

阅读理解部分包括选词填空，长篇阅读，和仔细阅读，测试学生在不同层面上的阅读理解能力，包括理解篇章或段落的主旨大意和重要细节、综合分析、推测判断以及根据上下文推测词义等能力。

该部分各项分值占比为：选词填空5%，长篇阅读10%，仔细阅读20%。

1) 选词填空：

选词填空要求考生阅读一篇删去若干词汇的短文，然后从所给的选项中选择正确的词汇填空，使短文复原。篇章长度四级为200-250词，六级为250-300词。

2)长篇阅读：

每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。有的段落可能对应两题，有的段落可能不对应任何一题。

为较长篇幅的1篇文章，总长度四级约1000词，六级约1200词。阅读速度四级约每分钟100词;六级约每分钟120词。篇章后附有10个句子，每句一题。

3) 仔细阅读部分：

为2篇选择题型的短文理解测试，要求考生根据对文章的理解，从每题四个选项中选择最佳答案。

每篇长度四级为300-350词，六级为400-450词。

翻译

翻译题型为段落汉译英。测试把汉语所承载的信息用英语表达出来的能力;翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。四级长度为140-160个汉字，六级长度为180-200个汉字。分值占比15%。

篇8：6月大学英语四级考试试题及答案

part i listening comprehension (20 minutes)

section a

directions: in this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. at the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. after each question there will be a pause. during the pause, you must read the four choices marked a), b), c) and d), and decide which is the best answer. then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.

example: you will hear:

you will read:

a) at the office.

b) in the waiting room.

c) at the airport.

d) in a restaurant.

from the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. this is most likely to have taken place at the office. therefore, a) “at the office” is the best answer. you should choose [a] on the answer sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.

sample answer [a] [b] [c] [d]

1. a) his father.

b) his mother.

c) his brother.

d) his sister.

2. a) a job opportunity.

b) a position as general manager.

c) a big travel agency.

d) an inexperienced salesman.

3. a) having a break.

b) continuing the meeting.

c) moving on to the next item.

d) waiting a little longer.

4. a) the weather forecast says it will be fine.

b) the weather doesn’t count in their plan.

c) they will not do as planned in case of rain.

d) they will postpone their program if it rains.

5. a) he wishes to have more courses like it.

b) he finds it hard to follow the teacher.

c) he wishes the teacher would talk more.

d) he doesn’t like the teacher’s accent.

6. a) go on with the game.

b) draw pictures on the computer.

c) review his lessons.

d) have a good rest.

7. a) she does not agree with jack.

b) jack’s performance is disappointing.

c) most people will find basketball boring.

d) she shares jack’s opinion.

8. a) the man went to a wrong check-in counter.

b) the man has just missed his flight.

c) the plane will leave at 9:14.

d) the plane’s departure time remains unknown.

9. a) at a newsstand.

b) at a car dealer’s

c) at a publishing house.

d) at a newspaper office.

10. a) he wants to get a new position.

b) he is asking the woman for help.

c) he has left the woman a good impression.

d) he enjoys letter writing.

section b

directions: in this section, you will hear 3 short passages. at the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. after you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked a), b), c) and d). then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.

passage one

question 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.

11. a) they are interested in other kinds of reading.

b) they are active in voluntary services.

c) they tend to be low in education and in income.

d) they live in isolated areas.

12. a) the reasons why -people don’t read newspapers are more complicated than assumed.

b) there are more uneducated people among the wealthy than originally expected.

c) the number of newspaper readers is steadily increasing.

d) there are more nonreaders among young people nowadays.

13. a) lowering the prices of their newspapers.

b) shortening their news stories.

c) adding variety to their newspaper content.

d) including more advertisements in their newspapers.

passage two

questions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.

14. a) a basket.

b) a cup

c) a egg.

d) an oven.

15. a) to let in the sunshine.

b) to serve as its door.

c) to keep the nest cool.

d) for the bird to lay eggs.

16. a) branches.

b) grasses.

c) mud.

d) straw.

17. a) some are built underground.

b) some can be eaten.

c) most are sewed with grasses.

d) most are dried by the sun.

passage three

questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.

18. a) to examine the chemical elements in the ice age.

b) to look into the pattern of solar wind activity.

c) to analyze the composition of different trees.

d) to find out the origin of carbon-14 on earth.

19. a) the lifecycle of trees.

b) the number of trees.

c) the intensity of solar burning.

d) the quality of air.

20. a) it affects the growth of trees.

b) it has been increasing since the ice age.

c) it is determined by the chemicals in the air.

d) it follows a certain cycle.

part ii reading comprehension (35 minutes)

direction: there are 4 passages in this part. each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. for each of them there are four choices marked a), b) c) and d). you should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.

passage one

questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:

in the 1960s, medical researchers thomas holmes and richard rahe developed a checklist of stressful events. they appreciated the tricky point that any major change can be stressful. negative events like “serious illness of a family member” were high on the list, but so were some positive life-changing events, like marriage. when you take the holmes-rahe test you must remember that the score does not reflect how you deal with stress - it only shows how much you have to deal with. and we now know that the way you handle these events dramatically affects your chances of staying healthy.

by the early 1970s, hundreds of similar studies had followed holmes and rahe. and millions of americans who work and live under stress worried over the reports. somehow, the research got boiled down to a memorable message. women’s magazines ran headlines like “stress causes illness!” if you want to stay physically and mentally healthy, the articles said, avoid stressful events.

but such simplistic advice is impossible to follow. even if stressful events are dangerous, many - like the death of a loved one - are impossible to avoid. moreover, any warning to avoid all stressful events is a prescription (处方) for staying away from opportunities as well as trouble. since any change can be stressful, a person who wanted to be completely free of stress would never marry, have a child, take a new job or move.

the notion that all stress makes you sick also ignores a lot of what we know about people. it assumes we’re all vulnerable (脆弱的) and passive in the face of adversity (逆境). but what about human initiative and creativity? many come through periods of stress with more physical and mental vigor than they had before. we also know that a long time without change or challenge can lead to boredom, and physical and metal strain.

21. the result of holmes-rahe’s medical research tells us __________.

a) the way you handle major events may cause stress

b) what should be done to avoid stress

c) what kind of event would cause stress

d) how to cope with sudden changes in life

22. the studies on stress in the early 1970’s led to _________.

a) widespread concern over its harmful effects

b) great panic over the mental disorder it could cause

c) an intensive research into stress-related illnesses

d) popular avoidance of stressful jobs

23. the score of the holmes-rahe test shows ________.

a) how much pressure you are under

b) how positive events can change your life

c) how stressful a major event can be

d) how you can deal with life-changing events

24. why is “such simplistic advice” (line 1, para. 3) impossible to follow?

a) no one can stay on the same job for long.

b) no prescription is effective in relieving stress.

c) people have to get married someday.

d) you could be missing opportunities as well.

25. according to the passage people who have experienced ups and downs may become ________.

a) nervous when faced with difficulties

b) physically and mentally strained

c) more capable of coping with adversity

d) indifferent toward what happens to them

passage two

questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:

most episodes of absent-mindedness - forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room - are caused by a simple lack of attention, says schacter. “you’re supposed to remember something, but you haven’t encoded it deeply.”

encoding, schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later. failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. if you put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and don’t pay attention to what you did because you’re involved in a conversation, you’ll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in you wardrobe (衣柜). “your memory itself isn’t failing you,” says schacter. “rather, you didn’t give your memory system the information it needed.”

lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. “a man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago,” says zelinski, “may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox.” women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment, and memory relies on just that.

visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness, says schacter. “but be sure the cue is clear and available,” he cautions. if you want to remember to take a medication (药物) with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table - don’t leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.

another common episode of absent-mindedness: walking into a room and wondering why you’re there. most likely, you were thinking about something else. “everyone does this from time to time,” says zelinski. the best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, and you’ll likely remember.

26. why does the author think that encoding properly is very important?

a) it helps us understand our memory system better.

b) it enables us to recall something form our memory.

c) it expands our memory capacity considerably.

d) it slows down the process of losing our memory.

27. one possible reason why women have better memories than men is that ________.

a) they have a wider range of interests

b) they are more reliant on the environment

c) they have an unusual power of focusing their attention

d) they are more interested in what’s happening around them

28. a note in the pocket can hardly serve as a reminder because _________.

a) it will easily get lost

b) it’s not clear enough for you to read

c) it’s out of your sight

d) it might get mixed up with other things

29. what do we learn from the last paragraph?

a) if we focus our attention on one thing, we might forget another.

b) memory depends to a certain extent on the environment.

c) repetition helps improve our memory.

d) if we keep forgetting things, we’d better return to where we were.

30. what is the passage mainly about?

a) the process of gradual memory loss.

b) the causes of absent-mindedness.

c) the impact of the environment on memory.

d) a way if encoding and recalling.

passage three

questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:

it is hard to track the blue whale, the ocean’s largest creature, which has almost been killed off by commercial whaling and is now listed as an endangered species. attaching radio devices to it is difficult, and visual sightings are too unreliable to give real insight into its behavior.

so biologists were delighted early this year when, with the help of the navy, they were able to track a particular blue whale for 43 days, monitoring its sounds. this was possible because of the navy’s formerly top-secret system of underwater listening devices spanning the oceans.

tracking whales is but one example of an exciting new world just opening to civilian scientists after the cold war as the navy starts to share and partly uncover its global network of underwater listening system built over the decades to track the ships of potential enemies.

earth scientists announced at a news conference recently that they had used the system for closely monitoring a deep-sea volcanic eruption (爆发) for the first time and that they plan similar studies.

other scientists have proposed to use the network for tracking ocean currents and measuring changes in ocean and global temperatures.

the speed of sound in water is roughly one mile a second - slower than through land but faster than through air. what is most important, different layers of ocean water can act as channels for sounds, focusing them in the same way a stethoscope (听诊器) does when it carries faint noises from a patient’s chest to a doctor’s ear. this focusing is the main reason that even relatively weak sounds in the ocean, especially low-frequency ones, can often travel thousands of miles.

31. the passage is chiefly about ________.

a) an effort to protect an endangered marine species

b) the civilian use of a military detection system

c) the exposure of a u.s. navy top-secret weapon

d) a new way to look into the behavior of blue whales

32. the underwater listening system was originally designed ________.

a) to trace and locate enemy vessels

b) to monitor deep-sea volcanic eruptions

c) to study the movement of ocean currents

d) to replace the global radio communications network

33. the deep-sea listening system makes use of ________.

a) the sophisticated technology of focusing sounds under water

b) the capability of sound to travel at high speed

c) the unique property of layers of ocean water in transmitting sound

d) low-frequency sounds traveling across different layers of water

34. it can be inferred from the passage that ________.

a) new radio devices should be developed for tracking the endangered blue whales

b) blue whales are no longer endangered with the use of the new listening system

c) opinions differ as to whether civilian scientists should be allowed to use military technology

d) military technology has great potential in civilian use

35. which of the following is true about the u.s. navy underwater listening network?

a) it is now partly accessible to civilian scientists.

b) it has been replaced by a more advanced system.

c) it became useless to the military after the cold war.

d) it is indispensable in protecting endangered species.

passage four

questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:

the fitness movement that began in the late 1960s and early 1970s centered around aerobic exercise (有氧操). millions of individuals became engaged in a variety of aerobic activities, and literally thousands of health spas developed around the country to capitalize (获利) on this emerging interest in fitness, particularly aerobic dancing for females. a number of fitness spas existed prior to this aerobic fitness movement, even a national chain with spas in most major cities. however, their focus was not on aerobics, but rather on weight-training programs designed to develop muscular mass, strength, and endurance in their primarily male enthusiasts. these fitness spas did not seem to benefit financially form the aerobic fitness movement to better health, since medical opinion suggested that weight-training programs offered few, if any, health benefits. in recent years, however, weight training has again become increasingly popular for males and for females. many current programs focus not only on developing muscular strength and endurance but on aerobic fitness as well.

historically, most physical-fitness tests have usually included measures of muscular strength and endurance, not for health-related reasons, but primarily because such fitness components have been related to performance in athletics. however, in recent years, evidence has shown that training programs designed primarily to improve muscular strength and endurance might also offer some health benefits as well. the american college of sports medicine now recommends that weight training be part of a total fitness program for healthy americans. increased participation in such training is one of the specific physical activity and fitness objectives of healthy people : national health promotion and disease prevention objectives.

36. the word “spas” (line 3, para. 1) most probably refers to _________.

a) sports activities

b) places for physical exercise

c) recreation centers

d) athletic training programs

37. early fitness spas were intended mainly for __________.

a) the promotion of aerobic exercise

b) endurance and muscular development

c) the improvement of women’s figures

d) better performance in aerobic dancing

38. what was the attitude of doctors towards weight training in health improvement?

a) positive.

b) indifferent.

c) negative.

d) cautious.

39. people were given physical fitness tests in order to find out ________.

a) how ell they could do in athletics

b) what their health condition was like

c) what kind of fitness center was suitable for them

d) whether they were fit for aerobic exercise

40. recent studies have suggested that weight training __________.

a) has become an essential part of people’s life

b) may well affect the health of the trainees

c) will attract more people in the days to come

d) contributes to health improvement as well

part iii vocabulary and structure (20 minutes)

directions: there are 3.0. incomplete sentences in this part. for each sentence there are four choices marked a), b), c) and d). choose the one that best completes the sentence. then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.

41. you would be ______ a risk to let your child go to school by himself.

a) omitting b) attaching

c) affording d) running

42. he is always here; it’s ______ you’ve never met him.

a) unique b) strange

c) rare d) peculiar

43. there has been a great increase in retail sales, ______?

a) does there b) isn’t there

c) hasn’t there d) isn’t it

44. we’d like to ______ a table for five for dinner this evening.

a) preserve b) retain

c) reserve d) sustain

45 although a teenager, fred could resist ______ what to do and what not to do.

a) being told b) telling

c) to be told d) to tell

46. the european union countries were once worried that they would not have ______ supplies of petroleum.

a) proficient b) efficient

c) potential d) sufficient

47. in fact, peter would rather have left for san francisco than ______ in new york.

a) to stay b) stayed

c) staying d) having stayed

48. he soon received promotion, for his superiors realized that he was a man of considerable

a) ability b) future

c) possibility d) opportunity

49. britain ahs the highest ______ of road traffic in the world - over 60 cars for every mile of road.

a) popularity b) density

c) intensity d) prosperity

50. how is it ______ your roommate’s request and yours are identical?

a) if b) so

c) what d) that

51. in my opinion, he’s ______ the most imaginative of all the contemporary poets.

a) in all b) at best

c) for all d) by far

52. he didn’t have time to read the report word for word: he just ______ it.

a) skimmed b) observed

c) overlooked d) glanced

53. the leader of the expedition ______ everyone to follow his example.

a) promoted b) reinforced

c) sparked d) inspired

54. what a lovely party! it’s worth ______ all my life.

a) remembering b) to remember

c) to be remembered d) being remembered

55. who would you rather ______ with you, george or me?

a) going b) to go

c) have gone d) went

56. the ______ goal of the book is to help bridge the gap between research and teaching, particularly between researchers and teachers.

a) intensive b) concise

c) joint d) overall

57. the owner and editor of the newspaper ______ the conference.

a) were attending b) were to attend

c) is to attend d) are to attend

58. we left the meeting, there obviously ______ no point in staying.

a) were b) being

c) to be d) having

59. their products are frequently overpriced and ______ in quality.

a) influential b) inferior

c) superior d) subordinate

60. the neighborhood boys like to play basketball on that ______ lot.

a) valid b) vacant

c) vain d) vague

61. these people once had fame and fortune; now ______ is left to them is utter poverty.

a) all that b) all what

c) all which d) that all

62. to our ______, geoffrey’s illness proved not to be as serious as we had feared.

a) anxiety b) relief

c) view d) judgment

63. many people like white color as it is a ______ of purity.

a) symbol b) sign

c) signal d) symptom

64. the residents, ______ had been damaged by the fire, were given help by the red cross.

a) all of their homes b) all their homes

c) whose all homes d) all of whose homes

65. this research has attracted wide ______ coverage and has featured on bbc television’s tomorrow’s world.

a) message b) information

c) media d) data

66. i would never have ______ a court of law if i hadn’t been so desperate.

a) sought for b) accounted for

c) turned up d) resorted to

67. investigators agreed that passengers on the airliner ______ at the very moment of the crash.

a) should have died b) must be dying

c) must have died d) ought to die

68. the energy ______ by the chain reaction is transformed into heat.

a) transferred b) released

c) delivered d) conveyed

69. ______ their work will give us a much better feel for the wide differences between the two schools of thought.

a) to have reviewed b) having reviewed

c) reviewing d) being reviewed

70. during the process, great care has to be taken to protect the ______ silk from damage.

a) sensitive b) tender

c) delicate d) sensible

part iv short answer questions (15 minutes)

directions: in this part there is a short passage -with five questions or incomplete statements. read the passage carefully. then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words (not exceeding 10 words).

as researchers learn more about how children's intelligence develops, they are increasingly surprised by the power of parents. the power of the school has been replaced by the home. to begin with, all the factors which are part of intelligence - the child's understanding of language, learning patterns, curiosity - are established well before the child enters school at the age of six. study after study has shown that even after school begins, children's achievements have been far more influenced by parents than by teachers. this is particularly true about learning that is language- related. the school rather than the home is given credit for variations in achievement in subjects such as science.

in view of their power, it's sad to see so many parents not making the most of their child's intelligence. until recently parents had been warned by educators who asked them not to educate their children. many teachers now realize that children cannot be educated only at school and parents are being asked to contribute both before and after the child enters school.

parents have been particularly afraid to teach reading at home. of course, children shouldn't be pushed to read by their parents, but educators have discovered that reading is best taught individually - and the easiest place to do this is at home. many four-and five-year-olds who have been shown a few letters and taught their sounds will compose single words of their own with them even before they have been taught to read.

questions: (注意：答题尽量简短，超过10个词要扣分。

每条横线限写一个英语单词，标点符号不占格)

s1. what have researchers found out about the influence of parents and the school on children's intelli1gence?

____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________

s2. what do researchers conclude about children's learning patterns?

____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________

s3. in which area may school play a more important role?

____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________

s4. why did many parents fail to make the most of their children's intelligence?

____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________

s5. the author suggests in the last paragraph that parents should be encouraged to

____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________

part v writing (30 minutes)

directions: for this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic student use of computers. you should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the chart and the outline given below:

1. 上图所示为1990年、1995年、20某校大学生使用计算机的情况，请描述其变化；

2. 请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）；

3. 你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。

student use of computers

答案

1. d 2. a 3. a 4. d 5. b 6. c 7. a 8. d 9. d 10. a

11. c 12. d 13. c 14. b 15. b 16. c 17. a 18. a 19. c 20. d

21. c 22. a 23. a 24. d 25. c 26. b 27. d 28. c 29. a 30. b

31. b 32. a 33. c 34. d 35. a 36. b 37. b 38. c 39. a 40. d

41. d 42. b 43. c 44. b 45. a 46. d 47. b 48. a 49. b 50. d

51. d 52. a 53. d 54. a 55. d 56. d 57. c 58. b 59. b 60. c

61. a 62. b 63. a 64.d 65. c 66. d 67. c 68. b 69. c 70. c

s1. parents have greater influence than the school. /parent’s influence is greater than the school’s.

s2. they are established well before the age of six.

s3. science subjects.

s4. they were told by educators not to educate their children.

s5. teach reading at home.

篇9：6月大学英语四级考试试题及答案

part i listening comprehension (20 minutes)

section a

example: you will hear:

you will read:

a) at the office.

b) in the waiting room.

c) at the airport.

d) in a restaurant.

sample answer [a] [b] [c] [d]

1. a) a math teacher and his colleague.

b) a teacher and his student.

c) a librarian and a student.

d) a student and his classmate.

2. a) tony thought the experiment was well done.

b) tony finished the experiment last night.

c) tony could not continue the experiment.

d) tony had expected the experiment to be easier.

3. a) she wants to save money to buy a piano.

b) the present apartment is too expensive.

c) she can’t put up with the noise.

d) she had found a job in a neighbouring area.

4. a) he has made great progress in his english.

b) he is not very interested in english songs.

c) he is a student of the music department.

d) he is not very enthusiastic about his english lessons.

5. a) in a car

b) on the street.

c) in a restaurant.

d) at home.

6. a) his injury kept him at home.

b) he was too weak to see the doctor.

c) he didn’t think it necessary.

d) he failed to make an appointment.

7. a) 5:10.

b) 5:00.

c) 4:30.

d) 5:15.

8. a) the man is talking with his boss.

b) the man needs help.

c) the man is complaining.

d) the man likes his job.

9. a) wear a new dress.

b) attend a party.

c) go shopping.

d) make a silk dress.

10. a) he exaggerated his part.

b) he played his part quite well.

c) he was not dramatic enough.

d) he performed better than the secretary.

section b compound dictation

directions: in this section, you will hear a passage three times. when the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. when the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from s1 to s7 with the exact words you have just heard. for blanks numbered from s8 to s10 you are required to fill in the missing information. you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

if you are a young college student, most of your concerns about your health and happiness in life are probably (s1) _____________________ on the present. basically, you want to feel good physically, mentally, and (s2) ________________________ now. you probably don’t spend much time worrying about the (s3) _____________________________ future, such as whether you will develop heart disease, or (s4) ________________________, how you will take care of yourself in your (s5) _________________________________ years, or how long you are going to live. such thoughts may have (s6) ___________________________ your mind once in a while. however, if you are in your thirties, forties, fifties, or older, such health-related thoughts are likely to become (s7) _____________________________ important to you.

(s8) ____________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ that will help you feel better physically and mentally. recently researchers have found that, even in late adulthood, exercise, strength training with weights, and better food can help elderly individuals significantly improve their health and add happiness to their life. (s9) ________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________, giving us the opportunity to avoid some of the health problems that have troubled them (s10) _____________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

part ii reading comprehension (35 minutes)

passage one

questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:

people living on parts of the south coast of england face a serious problem. in 1993, the owners of a large hotel and of several houses discovered, to their horror, that their gardens had disappeared overnight. the sea had eaten into the soft limestone cliffs on which they had been built. while experts were studying the problem, the hotel and several houses disappeared altogether, sliding down the cliff and into the sea.

erosion（侵蚀）of the white cliffs along the south coast of england has always been a problem but it has become more serious in recent years. dozens of homes have had to be abandoned as the sea has crept farther and farther inland. experts have studied the areas most affected and have drawn up a map for local people, forecasting the year in which their homes will be swallowed up by the hungry sea.

angry owners have called on the government to erect sea defenses to protect their homes. government surveyors have pointed out that in most cases, this is impossible. new sea walls would cost hundreds of millions of pounds and would merely make the waves and currents go further along the coast, shifting the problem from one area to another. the danger is likely to continue, they say, until the waves reach an inland area of hard rock which will not be eaten as limestone is. meanwhile, if you want to buy a cheap house with an uncertain future, apply to a house agent in one of the threatened areas on the south coast of england. you can get a house for a knockdown price but it may turn out to be a knockdown home.

11. what is the cause of the problem that people living on parts of the south coast of england face?

a) the disappearance of hotels, houses and gardens.

b) the experts’ lack of knowledge.

c) the rising of the sea level.

d) the washing-away of limestone cliffs.

12. the erosion of the white cliffs in the south of england ___________________.

a) will soon become a problem for people living in central england

b) has now become a threat to the local residents

c) is quickly changing the map of england

d) can be stopped if proper measures are taken

13. the experts’ study on the problem of erosion can _____________________.

a) lead to its eventual solution

b) provide an effective way to slow it down

c) help to prevent it from worsening

d) warn people whose homes are in danger

14. it is not feasible to build sea defenses to protect against erosion because _____________.

a) it is too costly and will endanger neighbouring areas

b) the government is too slow in taking action

c) they will be easily knocked down by waves and currents

d) house agents along the coast do not support the idea

15. according to the author, when buying a house along the south coast of england, people should ___________________.

a) be aware of the potential danger involved

b) guard against being cheated by the house agent

c) take the quality of the house into consideration

d) examine the house carefully before making a decision

passage two

questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:

sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. criticism from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes（运动员）. stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological, and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.

the early years of development are critical years for learning abut oneself. the sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. youngsters may take their parents’ and coaches’ criticisms to heart and find a flaw（缺陷）in themselves.

coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children. the outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. in today’s youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. following a game, many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters’ performances. positive reinforcement should be provided regardless of the outcome. research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.

16. an effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is __________________.

a) to make sports less competitive

b) to make sports more challenging

c) to reduce their mental stress

d) to increase their sense of success

17. according to the passage sport is positive for young people in that _____________.

a) it can help them learn more about society

b) it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves

c) it enables them to find flaws in themselves

d) it can provide them with valuable experiences

18. many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes ________.

a) without realizing criticism may destroy their self confidence

b) in order to make them remember life’s lessons

c) believing that criticism is beneficial for their early development

d) so as to put more pressure on them

19. according to the passage parents and coaches should _______________.

a) help children to win every game

b) pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports

c) enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports

d) train children to cope with stress

10. the author’s purpose in writing the passage is _________________.

a) to persuade young children not to worry about criticism

b) to stress the importance of positive reinforcement to children

c) to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement

d) to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout

passage three

questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:

humanity uses a little less than half the water available worldwide. yet occurrences of shortages and droughts（干旱）are causing famine and distress in some areas, and industrial and agricultural by-products are polluting water supplies. since the world’ population is expected to double in the next 50 years, many experts think we are on the edge of a widespread water crisis.

but that doesn’t have to be the outcome. water shortages do not have to trouble the world - if we start valuing water more than we have in the past. just as we began to appreciate petroleum more after the 1970s oil crises, today we must start looking at water from a fresh economic perspective. we can no longer afford to consider water a virtually free resource of which we can use as much as we like in any way we want.

instead, for all uses except the domestic demand of the poor, governments should price water to reflect its actual value. this means charging a fee for the water itself as well as for the supply costs.

governments should also protect this resource by providing water in more economically and environmentally sound ways. for example. often the cheapest way to provide irrigation（灌溉）water in the dry tropics is through small-scale projects, such as gathering rainfall in depressions（凹地）and pumping it to nearby cropland.

no matter what steps governments take to provide water more efficiently, they must change their institutional and legal approaches to water sue. rather than spread control among hundreds or even thousands of local, regional, and national agencies that watch various aspects of water use, countries should set up central authorities to coordinate water policy.

21. what is the real cause of the potential water crisis?

a) the world population is increasing faster and faster.

b) half of the world’s water resources have been seriously polluted.

c) humanity has not placed sufficient value on water resources.

d) only half of the world’s water can be used.

22. as indicated in the passage, the water problem __________.

a) has been exaggerated by some experts in the field

b) is underestimated by government organizations at different levels

c) poses a challenge to the technology of building reservoirs

d) is already serious in certain parts of the world

23. according to the author, the water price should ___________.

a) correspond to its real value

b) be reduced to the minimum

c) stimulate domestic demand

d) take into account the occurrences of droughts

24. the author says that in some hot and dry areas it is advisable to __________.

a) build big lakes to store water

b) construct big pumping stations

c) channel water from nearby rivers to cropland

d) build small and cheap irrigation systems

25. in order to raise the efficiency of the water supply, measures should be taken to _______.

a) centralize the management of water resources

b) increase the sense of responsibility of agencies at all levels

c) guarantee full protection of the environment

d) encourage local and regional control of water resources

passage four

questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:

we can see how the product life cycle works by looking at the introduction of instant coffee. when it was introduced, most people did not like it as well as “regular” coffee, and it took several years to gain general acceptance (introduction stage). at one point, though, instant coffee grew rapidly in popularity, and many brands were introduced (stage of rapid growth). after a while, people became attached to one brand and sales leveled off (stage of maturity). sales went into a slight decline（衰退）when freeze-dried coffees were introduced (stage of decline).

the importance of the product life cycle to marketers is this: different stages in the product life cycle call for different strategies. the goal is to extend product life so that sales and profits do not decline. one strategy is called market modification. it means that marketing managers look for new users and market sections. did you know, for example, that the backpacks that so many students carry today were originally designed for the military?

market modification also means searching for increased usage among present customers or going for a different market, such as senior citizens. a marketer may re-position the product to appeal to new market sections.

another product extension strategy is called product modification. it involves changing product quality, features, or style to attract new users or more usage from present users. american auto manufacturers are using quality improvement as one way to recapture world markets. note, also, how auto manufacturers once changed styles dramatically from year to year to keep demand from falling.

26. according to the passage, when people grow fond of one particular brand of a product, its sales will _________________.

a) decrease gradually

b) remain at the same level

c) become unstable

d) improve enormously

27. the first paragraph tells us that a new product is __________________.

a) not easily accepted by the public

b) often inferior to old ones at first

c) often more expensive than old ones

d) usually introduced to satisfy different tastes

28. marketers need to know which of the four stages a product is in so as to ____________.

a) promote its production

b) work out marketing policies

c) speed up its life cycle

d) increase its popularity

29. the author mentions the example of “backpacks” (line 4, para.2) to show the importance of _______________.

a) pleasing the young as well as the old

b) increasing usage among students

c) exploring new market sections

d) serving both military and civil needs

30. in order to recover their share of the world market, u.s. auto makers are ____________.

a) improving product quality

b) increasing product features

c) modernizing product style

d) re-positioning their product in the market

part iii vocabulary and structure (20 minutes)

directions: there are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. for each sentence there are four choices marked a), b), c) and d). choose the one that best completes the sentence. then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.

31 by the time he arrives in beijing, we __________ here for tow days.

a) have been staying b) have stayed

c) shall stay d) will have stayed

32 according to the american federal government, residents of hawaii have the longest life __________: 77.2 years.

a) scope b) rank

c) span d) scale

33 the millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, __________ all practical value by the time they were finished.

a) had lost b) would lose

c) would have lost d) should have lost

34 as a public relations officer, he is said __________ some very influential people.

a) to have been knowing b) to be knowing

c) to have known d) to know

35 our hopes __________ and fell in the same instant.

a) aroused b) arose

c) raised d) rose

36 with the development in science and technology man can make various flowers __________ before their time.

a) be bloomed b) blooming

c) bloom d) bloomed

37 a season ticket __________ the holder to make as many journeys as he wishes within the stated period of time.

a) grants b) promises

c) entitles d) presents

38 __________ in the office had made a mistake, and the firm regretted causing the customer inconvenience.

a) some b) anyone

c) one d) someone

39 in recent years much more emphasis has been put __________ developing the sutdents’ productive skills.

a) over b) onto

c) in d) on

40 only a selected number of landladies in the neighbourhood have been allowed by the university to take in __________.

a) residents b) inhabitants

c) lodgers d) settlers

41 the fire was finally brought under control, but not __________ extensive damage had been caused.

a) after b) before

c) since d) as

42 purchasing the new production line will be a __________ deal for the company.

a) profitable b) tremendous

c) forceful d) favorite

43 rod is determined to get a seat for the concert __________ it means standing in a queue all night.

a) provided b) whatever

c) even if d) as if

44 we hadn’t met for 20 years, but i recognized her __________ i saw her.

a) for the moment b) the moment when

c) at the moment when d) the moment

45 though he was born and brought up in america, he can speak __________ chinese.

a) smooth b) fluent

c) fluid d) flowing

46 government reports, examination compositions, legal documents and most business letters are the main situations __________ formal language is used.

a) in which b) on which

c) in that d) at what

47 fifty years ago, wealthy people liked hunting wild animals for fun ________ sightseeing.

a) than to go b) rather than to go

c) more than going d) other than going

48 if the building project __________ by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined.

a) to be completed b) is completed

c) being completed d) completed

49 he wrote an article criticizing the greek poet and won __________ and a scholarship.

a) status b) fame

c) faith d) courage

50 jack wishes that he __________ business instead of history when he was in university.

a) had studied b) study

c) studied d) had been studying

51 the older new england villages have changed relatively little __________ a gas station or two in recent decades.

a) except b) besides

c) in addition to d) except for

52 the car club couldn’t __________ to meet the demands of all its members.

a) ensure b) guarantee

c) assume d) confirm

53 extensive reporting on television has helped to __________ interest in a wide variety of sports and activities.

a) gather b) generate

c) assemble d) yield

54 the president promised to keep all the board members __________ of how the negotiations were going on.

a) informed b) inform

c) be informed d) informing

55 eating too much fat can __________ heart disease and cause high blood pressure.

a) contribute to b) attribute to

c) attend to d) devote to

56 all the tasks __________ ahead of time, they decided to go on holiday for a week.

a) had been fulfilled b) were fulfilled

c) having been fulfilled d) been fulfilled

57 this article __________ more attention to the problem of cultural interference in foreign language teaching and learning.

a) calls for b) applies for

c) cares for d) allows for

58 he was punished __________ he should make the same mistake again.

a) unless b) lest

c) if d) provided

59 petrol is refined from the __________ oil we take out of the ground.

a) fresh b) original

c) rude d) crude

60 __________ in the united states, st. louis has now become the 24th largest city.

a) the fourth biggest city it was

b) once the fourth biggest city

c) being the fourth biggest city

d) it was once the fourth biggest city

part iv cloze (15 minutes)

directions: there are 20 blanks in the following passage. for each blank there are four choices marked a), b), c) and d) on the right side of the paper. you should choose the one that best fits into the passage. then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.

more than forty thousand readers told us that they looked for in close friendships, what they expected ___61___ friends, what they were willing to give in ___62___, and how satisfied they were ___63___ the quality of their friendships. the ___64___ give little comfort to social critics.

friendship ___65___ to be a unique form of ___66___ bonding. unlike marriage or the ties that ___67___ parents and children, it is not defined or regulated by ___68___. unlike other social roles that we are expected to ___69___ - as citizens, employees, members of professional societies and ___70___ organizations - it has its own principle, which is to promote ___71___ f warmth, trust, love, and affection ___72___ two people.

the survey on friendship appeared in the march ___73___ of psychology today. the findings ___74___ that issues of trust and betrayal（背叛）are ___75___ to friendship. they also suggest that our readers do not ___76___ for friends only among those who are ___77___ like them, but find many ___78___ differ in race, religion, and ethnic（种族的）background. arguably the most important ___79___ that emerges from the data, ___80___, is not something that we found - but what we did not.

61. a) on b) of c) to d) for

62. a) addition b) reply c) turn d) return

63. a) about b) of c) with d) by

64. a) results b) effects c) expectations d) consequences

65. a) feels b) leads c) sounds d) appears

66. a) human b) mankind c) individual d) civil

67. a) bind b) attach c) control d) attract

78. a) discipline b) law c) rule d) regulation

79. a) keep b) do c) show d) play

70. a) all b) any c) other d) those

71. a) friendship b) interests c) feelings d) impressions

72. a) between b) on c) in d) for

73. a) print b) issue c) publication d) copy

74. a) secure b) assure c) confirm d) resolve

75. a) neutral b) main c) nuclear d) central

76. a) ask b) call c) appeal d) look

77. a) most b) more c) least d) less

78. a) people b) who c) what d) friends

79. a) conclusion b) summary c) decision d) claim

80. a) moreover b) however c) still d) yet

part v writing (30 minutes)

directions: for this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter. suppose you are zhang ying. write a letter to xiao wang, a schoolmate of yours who is going to visit you during the week-long holiday. you should write a t least 100 words according to the suggestions given below in chinese.

1. 表示欢迎

2. 提出对度假安排的建议

3. 提醒应注意的事项

a letter to a schoolmate

june 23,

dear xiao wang,

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

yours,

zhang ying

答案

1. d 2. c 3. c 4. d 5. b 6. c 7. c 8. c 9. b 10. a

11. d 12. b 13. d 14. a 15. a 16. c 17. d 18. a 19. b 20. b

21. c 22. d 23. a 24. d 25. a 26. b 27. a 28. b 29. c 30. a

31. d 32. c 33. c 34. c 35. d 36. c 37. c 38. d 39. d 40. c

41. b 42. a 43. c 44. d 45. b 46. a 47. c 48. a 49. b 50. a

51. d 52. b 53. b 54. a 55. a 56. c 57. a 58. b 59. d 60. b

61. b 62. d 63. c 64. a 65. d 66. a 67. a 68. b 69. d 70. c

71. c 72. a 73. b 74. c 75. d 76. d 77. a 78. b 79. a 80. b

篇10：6月大学英语四级考试试题及答案

part i listening comprehension (20 minutes)

section a

example: you will hear:

you will read:

a) 2 hours.

b) 3 hours.

c) 4 hours.

d) 5 hours.

from the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. therefore, d) “5 hours” is the correct answer. you should choose [d] on the answer sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.

sample answer [a] [b] [c] [d]

1. a) she is not interested in the article.

b) she has given the man much trouble.

c) she would like to have a copy of the article.

d) she doesn’t want to take the trouble to read the article.

2. a) he saw the big tower he visited on tv.

b) he has visited the tv tower twice.

c) he has visited the tv tower once.

d) he will visit the tv tower in june.

3. a) the woman regrets having taken up much of the professor’s time.

b) the woman regrets having taken up much of the professor’s time.

c) the woman knows the professor has been busy.

d) the woman knows the professor has run into trouble.

4. a) he doesn’t enjoy business trips as much as he used to.

b) he doesn’t think he is capable of doing the job.

c) he thinks the pay is too low to support his family.

d) he wants to spend more time with his family.

5. a) the man thought the essay was easy.

b) they both had a hard time writing the essay.

c) the woman thought the essay was easy.

d) neither of them has finished the assignment yet.

6. a) in the park. b) between two buildings.

c) in his apartment. d) under a huge tree.

7. a) it’s awfully dull. b) it’s really exciting.

c) it’s very exhausting. d) it’s quite challenging.

8. a) a movie. b) a lecture.

c) a play. d) a speech.

9. a) the weather is mild compared to the past years.

b) they are having the coldest winter ever.

c) the weather will soon get warmer.

d) the weather may get even colder.

10. a) a mystery story.

b) the hiring of a shop assistant.

c) the search for a reliable witness.

d) an unsolved case of robbery.

section b

passage one

question 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.

11. a) they want to change the way english is taught.

b) they learn english to find well-paid jobs.

c) they want to have an up-to-date knowledge of english.

d) they know clearly what they want to learn.

12. a) professionals. b) college students.

c) beginners. d) intermediate learners.

13. a) courses for doctors. b) courses for businessmen.

c) courses for reporters. d) courses for lawyers.

14. a) three groups of learners.

b) the importance of business english.

c) english for specific purposes.

d) features of english for different purposes.

passage two

questions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.

15. a) to show off their wealth.

b) to feel good.

c) to regain their memory.

d) to be different from others.

16. a) to help solve their psychological problems.

b) to play games with them.

c) to send them to the hospital.

d) to make them aware of its harmfulness.

17. a) they need care and affection.

b) they are fond of round-the-world trips.

c) they are mostly form broken families.

d) they are likely to commit crimes.

passage three

questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.

18. a) because it was too heavy.

b) because it did not bend easily.

c) because it did not shoot far.

d) because its string was short.

19. a) it went out of use 300 years ago.

b) it was invented after the shortbow.

c) it was discovered before fire and the wheel.

d) it’s still in use today.

20. a) they are accurate and easy to pull.

b) their shooting range is 40 yards.

c) they are usually used indoors.

d) they took 100 years to develop.

part ii vocabulary and structure (20 minutes)

21 as we can no longer wait for the delivery of our order, we have to _______ it.

a) postpone b) refuse

c) delay d) cancel

22 these books, which you can get at any bookshop, will give you _______ you need.

a) all the information b) all the informations

c) all of information d) all of the informations

23 not until the game had begun _______ at the sports ground.

a) had he arrived b) would he have arrived

c) did he arrive d) should he have arrived

24 young people are not _______ to stand and look at works of art; they want art they can participate in.

a) conservative b) content

c) confident d) generous

25 most broadcasters maintain that tv has been unfairly criticized and argue that the power of the medium is _______.

a) granted b) implied

c) exaggerated d) remedied

26 these surveys indicate that many crimes go _______ by the police, mainly because not all victims report them.

a) unrecorded b) to be unrecorded

c) unrecording d) to have been unrecorded

27 i have no objection _______ your story again.

a) to hear b) to hearing

c) to having heard d) to have heard

28 the clothes a person wears may express his _______ or social position.

a) curiosity b) status

c) determination d) significance

29 by law, when one makes a large purchase, he should have _______ opportunity to change his mind.

a) accurate b) urgent

c) excessive d) adequate

30 you will see this product _______ wherever you go.

a) to be advertised b) advertised

c) advertise d) advertising

31 the early pioneers had to _______ many hardships to settle on the new land.

a) go along with b) go back on

c) go through d) go into

32 the suggestion that the major _______ the prizes was accepted by everyone.

a) would present b) present

c) presents d) ought to present

33 beer is the most popular drink among male drinkers, _______ overall consumption is significantly higher than that of women.

a) whose b) which

c) that d) what

34 peter, who had been driving all day, suggested _______ at the next town.

a) to stop b) stopping

c) stop d) having stopped

35 i didn’t know the word. i had to _______ a dictionary.

a) look out b) make out

c) refer to d) go over

36 the professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _______ his arguments in favour of the new theory.

a) to be based on b) to base on

c) which to base on d) on which to base

37 there are signs _______ restaurants are becoming more popular with families.

a) that b) which

c) in which d) whose

38 i think i was at school, _______ i was staying with a friends during the vacation when i heard the news.

a) or else b) and then

c) or so d) even so

39 it is said that the math teacher seems _______ towards bright students.

a) partial b) beneficial

c) preferable d) liable

40 in order to show his boss what a careful worker he was, he took _______ trouble over the figures.

a) extensive b) spare

c) extra d) supreme

41 - “may i speak to your manager mr. williams at five o’clock tonight?”

- “i’m sorry. mr. williams _______ to a conference long before then.”

a) will have gone b) had gone

c) would have gone d) has gone

42 you _______ him so closely; you should have kept your distance.

a) shouldn’t follow b) mustn’t follow

c) couldn’t’ have been following d) shouldn’t have been following

43 the growth of part-time and flexible working patterns, and of training and retraining schemes, _______ more women to take advantage of employment opportunities.

a) have allowed b) allow

c) allowing d) allows

44 everybody _______ in the hall where they were welcomed by the secretary.

a) assembled b) accumulated

c) piled d) joined

45 putting in a new window will _______ cutting away part of the roof.

a) include b) involve

c) contain d) comprise

46 living in the western part of the country has its problems, _______ obtaining fresh water is not the least.

a) with which b) for which

c) of which d) which

47 in the _______ of the project not being a success, the investors stand to lose up to $30 million.

a) face b) time

c) event d) course

48 the manager would rather his daughter _______ in the same office.

a) had not worked b) not to work

c) does not work d) did not work

49 _______, he does get annoyed with her sometimes.

a) although much he likes her b) much although he likes her

c) as he likes her much d) much as he likes her

50 the british constitution is _______ a large extent a product of the historical events described above.

a) within b) to

c) by d) at

part iii reading comprehension (35 minutes)

passage one

questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:

long after the world cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing（裁判）decisions that denied victory to their team. a researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees.

the researcher organized an experimental tournament（锦标赛）involving four youth teams. each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge.

observers noted down the referees’ errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number.

the researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the matches in detail. surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. when the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. the average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. the research shows the optimum（最佳的）distance is about 20 meters.

there also seemed to be an optimum speed. correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. the average speed for errors was 4 meters per second.

if fifa, football’s international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next world cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues.

he also says that fifa’s insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided. if keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical.

51. the experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to _______.

a) review the decisions of referees at the 1998 world cup

b) analyse the causes of errors made by football referees

c) set a standard for football refereeing

d) reexamine the rules for football refereeing

52. the number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was _______.

a) slightly above average

b) higher than in the 1998 world cup

c) quite unexpected

d) as high as in a standard match

53. the findings of the experiment show that _______.

a) errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ball

b) the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errors

c) the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occur

d) errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot

54. the word “officials” (line 2, para.4) most probably refers to _______.

a) the researchers involved in the experiment

b) the inspectors of the football tournament

c) the referees of the football tournament

d) the observers at the site of the experiment

55. what is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?

a) the ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 45.

b) age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee.

c) a football referee should be as young and energetic as possible.

d) an experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition.

passage two

questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage:

while still in its early stages, welfare reform has already been judged a great success in many states - at least in getting people off welfare. it’s estimated that more than 2 million people have left the rolls since 1994.

in the past four years, welfare rolls in athens country have been cut in half. but 70 percent of the people who left in the past tow years took jobs that paid less than $6 an hour. the result: the athens county poverty rate still remains at more than 30 percent - twice the national average.

for advocates（代言人）for the poor, that’s an indication much more needs to be done.

“more people are getting jobs, but it’s not making their lives any better,” says kathy lairn, a policy analyst at the center on budget and policy priorities in washington.

a center analysis of us census data nationwide found that between 1995 and , a greater percentage of single, female-headed households were earning money on their own, but that average income for these households actually went down.

but for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory.

“welfare was a poison. it was a toxin（毒素）that was poisoning the family,” says robert rector, a welfare-reform policy analyst. “the reform in changing the moral climate in low-income communities. it’s beginning to rebuild the work ethic（道德观）, which is much more important.”

mr. rector and others argued that once “the habit of dependency is cracked,” then the country can make other policy changes aimed at improving living standards.

56. from the passage, it can be seen that the author _______.

a) believes the reform has reduced the government’s burden

b) insists that welfare reform is doing little good for the poor

c) is overenthusiastic about the success of welfare reform

d) considers welfare reform to be fundamentally successful

57. why aren’t people enjoying better lives when they have jobs?

a) because many families are divorced.

b) because government aid is now rare.

c) because their wages are low.

d) because the cost of living is rising.

58. what is worth noting from the example of athens county is that _______.

a) greater efforts should be made to improve people’s living standards

b) 70 percent of the people there have been employed for two years

c) 50 percent of the population no longer relies on welfare

d) the living standards of most people are going down

59. from the passage we know that welfare reform aims at _______.

a) saving welfare funds

b) rebuilding the work ethic

c) providing more jobs

d) cutting government expenses

60. according to the passage before the welfare reform was carried out, _______.

a) the poverty rate was lover

b) average living standards were higher

c) the average worker was paid higher wages

d) the poor used to rely on government aid

passage three

questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage:

americans are pound of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general. why are uniforms so popular in the united states?

among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian（百姓的）clothes. people have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. the television repairman who wears uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. what easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity（身份）than to step out of uniform?

uniforms also have many practical benefits. they save on other clothes. they save on laundry bills. they are tax-deductible（可减税的）. they are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.

primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. when people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least.

uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.

61. it is surprising that americans who worship variety and individuality _______.

a) still judge a man by his clothes

b) hold the uniform in such high regard

c) enjoy having a professional identity

d) will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform

62. people are accustomed to think that a man in uniform _______.

a) suggests quality work

b) discards his social identity

c) appears to be more practical

d) looks superior to a person in civilian clothes

63. the chief function of a uniform is to _______.

a) provide practical benefits to the wearer

b) make the wearer catch the pubic eye

c) inspire the wearer’s confidence in himself

d) provide the wearer with a professional identity

64. according to the passage, people wearing uniforms _______.

a) are usually helpful

b) have little or no individual freedom

c) tend to lose their individuality

d) enjoy greater popularity

65. the best title for this passage would be _______.

a) uniforms and society

b) the importance of wearing a uniform

c) practical benefits of wearing a uniform

d) advantages and disadvantages of uniforms

passage four

questions 66 to 70 are based on the following passage:

since we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships. one strength of the human condition is our tendency to give and receive support from one another under stressful circumstances. social support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties. those of us with strong support systems appear better able to cope with major life changes and daily hassles（困难）. people with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties. studies over a range of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, reveal that the presence of social support helps people fend off（挡开）illness, and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely.

social support cushions stress in a number of ways. first, friends, relatives, and co-workers may let us know that they value us. our self-respect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others despite our faults and difficulties. second, other people often provide us with informational support. they help us to define and understand our problems and find solutions to them. third, we typically find social companionship supportive. engaging in leisure-time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time distracting（转移…注意力）us from our worries and troubles. finally, other people may give us instrumental support - financial aid, material resources, and needed services - that reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.

66. interpersonal relationships are important because _______.

a) they are indispensable to people’s social well-being

b) they awaken people’s desire to exchange resources

c) they help people to cope with life in the information era

d) they can cure a range of illnesses such as heart disease, etc.

67. research shows that people’s physical and mental health _______.

a) relies on the social welfare systems which support them

b) has much to do with the amount of support they get from others

c) depends on their ability to deal with daily worries and troubles

d) is closely related to their strength for coping with major changes in their lives

68. which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “cushions” (line 1, para.2)?

a) adds up to.

b) does away with.

c) lessens the effect of.

d) lays the foundation for.

69. helping a sick neighbor with some repair work is an example of _______.

a) instrumental support

b) informational support

c) social companionship

d) the strengthening of self-respect

70. social companionship is beneficial in that _______.

a) it helps strengthen our ties with relatives

b) it enables us to eliminate our faults and mistakes

c) it makes our leisure-time activities more enjoyable

d) it draws our attention away from our worries and troubles

part iv translation (15 minutes)

directions: in this part, there are four items, each consisting of one or two sentences for you to translate into chinese. these sentences are all taken from the reading passages you have just read in part three of test paper one. you should refer back to the passages so as to identify their meanings in the context.

s1. (lines 1-2, para.1, passage 1)

long after the 1998 world cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing（裁判）decisions that denied victory to their team.

s2. (lines 1-2, para.6, passage 2)

but for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory.

s3. (lines 5-6, para.2, passage 3)

what easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity（身份）than to step out of uniform?

s4. (lines 3-4, para.1, passage 4)

social support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their inter personal ties.

part v writing (30 minutes)

directions: for this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic is a test of spoken english necessary? the first sentence has already been written for you. you should write at least 100 words, and base your competition on the outline given in chinese below:

1. 很多人认为有必要举行英语口语考试，理由是．．．

2. 也有人持不同意见，．．．

3. 我的看法和打算

is a test of spoken english necessary

a test of spoken english will be included as an optional component of the college english test (cet)

答案

1. c 2. c 3. b 4. d 5. b 6. d 7. a 8. c 9. d 10. d

11. d 12. a 13. b 14. c 15. b 16. a 17. a 18. c 19. b 20. a

21. d 22. a 23. c 24. b 25. c 26. a 27. b 28. b 29. d 30. b

31. c 32. b 33. a 34. b 35. c 36. d 37. a 38. a 39. a 40. c

41. a 42. d 43. d 44. a 45. b 46. c 47. c 48. d 49. d 50. b

51. b 52. c 53. a 54. c 55. b 56. d 57. c 58. a 59. b 60. d

61. b 62. a 63. d 64. c 65. d 66. a 67. b 68. c 69. a 70. d

s1. 世界杯足球赛早已尘埃落定，但失望的球迷们仍在责骂那些颇有争议的判罚，声称正是那些判罚使他们的球队没能获胜。

s2. 但是穷人在没有政府救济的情况下，生活照样过得很好，对很多人来说，这一事实本身就是一个巨大的胜利。

s3. 对于一名护士、理发师或是一名侍者而言，还有什么比脱掉制服更加便利的方法能让他们失去职业身份呢？

s4. 社会资助是由人与人之间的资源交换所构成的，而这种交换乃是建立在他们的人际关系的基础之上。

篇11：6月大学英语四六级翻译8大技巧

6月大学英语四六级翻译8大技巧

大学英语四六级翻译一直以来都是考生难以突破的一道关口，考试当前，如何在考前如何快速地突破六级翻译呢?别着急，新东方在线英语四六级频道为大家总结了八大翻译技巧，希望能在六级考试最后的冲刺阶段，助考生一臂之力。

汉译的重复技巧

重复技巧是英译汉中的一种必不可少的翻译技巧。由于英译汉时往往需要重复原文中的某些词才能使译文表达明确具体;又由于英汉语言结构不同，重复的手段和作用也往往不尽相同，大致可分为三种。

1、为了明确

I had experienced oxygen and /or engine trouble。

我曾碰到过，不是氧气设备了故障，就是引擎出故障，或两者都出故障(重复名词)

Under ordinary conditions of pressure ,water becomes ice at C and steam at 100C。

在常压下，水在摄氏零度时变成冰，在摄氏一百度时变成蒸汽。(重复动词)

A locality has its own over-all interest ,a nation has another and the earth get another。

一个地方有一个地方的全局，一个国家有一个国家的全局，一个地球有一个地球的全局(重复谓语部分)

2、为了强调

He wandered along the street ,thinking and thinking brooding and brooding。

他在街头游来荡去，想了又想，盘算了又盘算。

3、为了生动

While stars and nebulae look like specks or small patches of light . they are really enormous bodies。

星星和星云看起来只是斑点点，或者是小片的光，但它们确实是巨大的天体。

六、倒译技巧

英汉词句组成和排列的顺序千差万别，因此英译汉时作些调整，颠倒一下顺序，则是一种极为常见的翻译技巧，这种翻译技巧共分五种类型。

1、复合句倒译技巧。复合句倒译可分为部分倒译和完全倒译两种技巧。

This university 6 newly _established faculties ,namely .Electronic Computer ,High Energy Physics ,Laser ,Geo-physics ,Remote Sensing, and Genetic Engineering。

这所大学现在有电子计算机、高能物理、激光、地球、物理、遥感技术、遗传工程等六个新建的专业。(部分倒译)

Many laws of nature actually exist in nature though they have not yet been discovered。

虽然许多自然规律还没被发现，但是它们确实在自然界中存在。(完全倒译)

2、被动句倒译的技巧。被动句倒译时，有时可将被动句倒译成主动句，有时可将状语倒译成主语。

The structure of an atom can be accurately described though we cannot see it。

虽然我们看不见原子结构，但能准确地描述它。(被动句倒译成主动句)

Table tennis is played all over China .中国到处都打乒乓球。(状语倒译成主语)

3、以否定型副词或条件副词开头的句子的部分倒译技巧。能引起这种倒译的副词有no ,never ,hardly ,no longer . in no way ,not until ,not even ,only 等。

Never before have I read such an interesting book 。我从来没有读过这样有趣的书。

4、带有介词短语句子的部分倒译技巧

These date will be of some value in our research work 。

这些资料对于我们的研究工作有些价值。

5、习语的倒译技巧。习语的倒译可分为按照汉语的固定顺序倒译和从轻重上加以区分进行倒译以及逆时间顺序进行倒译三种技巧。

For its last 600 miles the Yellow River flows eastwards through the flat , fertile ,North China Plain ,which is densely populated。

黄河最后的六百英里，向东流过平坦肥沃、人口密集的华北平原。(按照汉语的固定顺序倒译)

Heal the wounded ,rescue the dying ,practice revolutionary humanitarianism。

救死扶伤，实行革命的人道主义，

(以轻重上区分进行倒译)

We have to be quick of eye and deft of hand 。我们必须眼疾手快。(逆时间顺序倒译)

七、分句、合句汉译技巧

英译汉时，由于两种语言的句子结构大不相同而往往需要改变一下句子结构以适应于汉语的表达习惯。采用分句、合句进行翻译的作法正是为了达到这种目的而运用的一种重要技巧。所谓分句，就是指把原文的一个简单句译成两个或两个以上的句子;所谓合名，就是指把原文的两个或两个以上的简单句或一个复合句译成一个单句。运用这种分句、合句的汉译技巧可以使译文层次分明，更合乎于汉语的表达习惯。分句流译的技巧共分五种类型，合句汉译的技巧共分三种类型。先谈谈分句汉译技巧的五种类型。

1、主语分句汉译技巧。

A man spending twelve days on the moon would find ,on returning to the earth ,that a year had passed by already。

一个人如果在月亮上度过了十二天，回到地球以后就会发现一年已经过去了。

2、谓语分句汉译技巧。

It goes without saying that oxygen is the most active element in the atmosphere。

不言而喻，氧气是大气中最活泼的元素。

3、定语分句汉译技巧

He managed to raise a crop of 200 miracle tomatoes that weighed up to two pounds each。

他居然种出了二百个奇迹般的西红柿，每个重达两磅。

4、状语分句汉译技巧

Sunrays filtered in wherever they could ,driving out darkness and choking the shadows。

阳光射入了它所能透过的地方，赶走了黑暗，驱散了幽影。

5、同位语分句汉译技巧。

Mary normally a timid girl ,argued heated with them about it。

玛丽平常是个腼腆的'姑娘，现在也热烈地和他们辩论起来。

八、句子成份的转译技巧

英汉两种语言，由于表达方式不尽相同，在具体英译汉时，有时往往需要转换一下句子成分，才能使译达到逻辑正确、通顺流畅、重点突出等目的。句子成分转译作为翻译的一种技巧，其内容和形式都比较丰富，运用范围也相当广泛，共包括五个方面的内容。

1、主语转译技巧，可以将句子的主语转译成汉语中的定语、宾语、状语等。

The wings are responsible for keeping the sir plane in the air。

机翼的用途是使飞机在空中保持不坠。(转译成定语)

To get all the stages off the ground ,a first big push is needed。

为了使火箭各级全部离开地面，需要有一个巨大的第一次推力。(转译成宾语)

Machinery has made the products of manufactories very much cheaper than formerly。

因为机械的缘故，工厂里出的产品比起以前来，价格便宜多了。(转译成状语)

2、谓语转译技巧。可以将谓语转译成定语。

Radar works in very much the same way as the flashlight 。雷达的工作原理和手电筒极为相同。

3、宾语转译技巧。可以将宾语转译成主语。

Automatic lathes perform basically similar functions but apper in a varitety of forms。

各种自动车床的作用基本相同，但形式不同

4、定语转译技巧。定语可以转译成谓语和状语。

Neutron has a mass slightly larger than that of proton。

中子的质量略大于质子的质量。(转译成谓语)

Scientists in that county are now supplied with necessary books ,epuipment and assistant ,that will ensure success in their scientific research。

现在已给该县科学家提供了必要的图书、仪器和助手，以保证科研工作的成功。(转译成状语)

5、状语转译技巧。状语转译一般指的是状语从句的转译。它可分作把时间状语从句转译成条件状语从句，把地点状语从转译成条件状语从句和把原因状语从句转译成困果偏正复句中的主语等三种形式。

These three colors ,red ,green ,and violet ,when combined ,produced white 。

红色、绿色和紫色这三种颜色如果合在一起就变成白色。(时间状语从句转译成条件状语从句)

Where there is nothing in the path of beam of light ,nothing is seen。

如果光束通道上没有东西，就什么也看不到。(地点状语从句转译成条件状语从句)

Because he was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he stuck to his opinion。

他深信这件事正确可靠，因此坚持已见。(原因状语从句转译成因果偏正复合句中的主句)

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