翻译资格口译的分类和特点
“gs286508”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了10篇翻译资格口译的分类和特点，以下是小编整理后的翻译资格口译的分类和特点，希望能够帮助到大家。
篇1：翻译资格口译的分类和特点
翻译资格口译的分类和特点
1.视译(sight interpretation)
视译是指译员拿着讲话人的讲稿，一边听发言、一边看原稿、同时进行口译。内容一般是事先准备好的讲稿或文件。这种口译通常保密性较高，译员事先不知道内容，往往只有在译前几分钟才能拿到译稿。口译前可以用很短的时间对原文通读一遍，了解发言的主要内容，并对相关语言点和专业难点做译前准备。另外，在口译时一定要跟说话人同步，尤其要注意说话人在讲话过程中插入的稿子中没有的内容。
2.接续口译(consecutive interpretation)
这是一种为演讲者以句子或段落为单位传递信息的单向口译方式。接续口译用于多种场合，如演讲、祝词、授课、商务会议、新闻发布会等。演讲者需要完整地表达信息，所以往往连贯发言，停顿较少。这种口译要求译员一段一段地翻译，在讲话人的自然停顿间隙，将信息一组接一组地传达给听众。译员在接到这种口译任务时，事先跟讲话人沟通，有利于口译的顺利完成。
3.交替口译(alternating interpretation)
交替口译即译员同时以两种语言为操不同语言的交际双方进行轮回交替口译。这种口译应用场合非常广，比较常见的出现在商务谈判、商务会议和宴会上，有一定的难度。
4.耳语口译(whispering interpretation)
也称咬耳朵翻译。耳语口译就是将一方的讲话内容用耳语方式轻轻传译给另一方。这种口译一般在外宾观看文艺演出，或者是没有语音设备的会议上采用，听众往往是个人，而不是群体，对象往往是外宾、国家元首或高级官员。译员需要把会议上听到的话，或者文艺演出中的场景等小声地译给身边的一两个人听。耳语翻译一般需要译员对原讲话有高度的压缩与概括，而且声音不能太大，以免影响到附近的人。
5.同声传译(simultaneous interpretation)
这是口译中最难的，也是境界最高的一种。译员在不打断讲话者演讲情况下，几乎是同步的不停顿地将其讲话内容传译给听众。同声传译要求译员在讲话人开始说话5秒钟后必须要开始翻译，并且几乎是没有停顿的。由于其难度比较大，不确定因素比较多，因此要做充分的准备，并且对于一些细节问题一定要注意。
翻译资格考试初级口译习题
历史经验表明，亚洲各国和则利、斗则损。
As history shows, harmony benefits all Asian countries while confrontation hurts all.
亚洲崛起来之不易，联合自强才是沧桑正道。
The rise of Asia has not come easily and unity remains the best wayto build a stronger Asia.
今天，亚洲已成为全球地缘政治格局中的稳定上升板块，也是世界经济增长的高地。
Today, Asia is a rising region in the global geopolitical landscape, and is also leading world economic growth.
是中国“十三五”规划的开局之年，也是中英关系“黄金时代”的开局之年。
is the opening year of China’s 13th Five Year Plan. It is also the opening year of the “Golden Era” of China-UK relations.
当前，多极化、全球化、信息化深入发展，各国利益交融、休戚与共。
In this increasingly multi-polar, globalized and digitized world, countries are more interdependent in their interests than ever before.
总之，我对20的中国发展充满信心，对2016年的中英经贸合作充满期待。
All in all, I am full of confidence in China’s development in 2016 and I am full of expectations for the China-UK business cooperation in the year ahead.
亚洲国家不愿战乱、动荡和相互敌视的历史重演，希望在和平稳定的环境中一心一意谋发展。
Asian countries loathe to see a repeat of war, turmoil and mutual hostility, and are eager to focus on development in a peaceful and stable environment.
亚洲多样性决定了区域合作和一体化建设不能照搬其他地区的模式。
Due to its diversity, Asia cannot copy the model of others in seeking regional integration.
长期以来，亚洲各合作机制孜孜学习他山之石，同其他地区合作机制交流互鉴。
Over the years, Asian cooperation frameworks have looked to,engaged with and learned from those in other regions.
在看到区域合作百舸争流、方兴未艾的同时，我们也要清醒地看到面临的困难和挑战。
While encouraged by fast progress, we should stay cool-headed at the difficulties and challenges.
中国有句古话，百尺竿头更进一步
As a Chinese saying goes, “Even with great success one shouldalways try to do better”.
区域合作是完善地区治理，助力亚洲崛起的重要手段。
Regional Cooperation is an important means to improve regional governance and fuel the rise of Asia.
中国自25年前成为东盟对话伙伴以来，广泛深入地参与地区合作。
Since becoming a dialogue partner with ASEAN 25 years ago, China has seen its participation in regional cooperation grow both in breadth and depth.
20翻译资格考试初级口译习题
性别平等与妇女发展是人类追求公平、正义与平等的永恒主题，是社会文明进步的衡量尺度，是人类实现可持续发展的重要目标。
Gender equality and women’s development is a lasting theme of mankind’s pursuit of equality and justice, a scale for measuring social progress and an important goal in realizing sustainable development in our world.
中国妇女占世界妇女人口的五分之一。中国性别平等与妇女发展既体现了中国的文明进步，也是对全球平等、发展与和平的历史贡献。
Chinese women make up one fifth of the world’s total female population. Gender equality and women’s development in China not only give expression to China’s own progress, but also constitute a historical contribution made to global equality, development and peace.
过去20年，伴随着经济社会的快速发展，中国性别平等与妇女发展取得了举世瞩目的成就。
It is obvious to all that, in tandem with rapid economic and social development, great progress has been achieved in the promotion of gender equality and women’s development in China over the past two decades.
【In tandem with 】
In tandem with open markets and open trade, the United States led in the promotion of democracy.
美国同时引领了推动民主的努力，与开放市场和开放贸易齐头并进。
同时，中国也清醒认识到，作为世界上人口最多的发展中大国，受经济社会发展水平和历史文化等因素影响，中国的妇女发展还面临诸多新情况新问题，推进性别平等的任务仍然繁重而艰巨。
At the same time, China is highly aware that, as a developing country with the world’s largest population, and restricted by its limited level of economic and social development, it will continue tobe confronted with new situations and problems in its efforts to promote women’s development. There is still a long way to go to achieve gender equality in China, and arduous tasks remain to be tackled.
中国积极促进教育公平，调整教育结构，坚持贯彻性别平等原则，努力保障男女平等接受教育的权利和机会。
China actively promotes equality in education, adjusting the structure of education, adhering to the principle of gender equality, and working hard to guarantee equal rights and opportunities for both men and women to access education.
第六次全国人口普查显示，6岁以上人口中女性平均受教育年限达到8.4年，比前提高了1.3年，与男性的差距比10年前缩小0.2年。
The Sixth National Census showed that the average years of schooling for women over the age of six were 8.4 years in , 1.3 years more than in , and the gender gap had narrowed by 0.2 year as compared with 2000.
中国已基本形成以妇幼保健机构为核心，以基层医疗卫生机构为基础，以大中型医疗机构和相关科研教学机构为技术支撑，覆盖城乡的妇幼保健服务网络。
A network of maternal and child health services covering both urban and rural areas has taken shape in China, with maternity and child care institutions as the core, community-level health care institutionsas the foundation, and large or medium-sized medical institutions and relevant research and teaching institutions as the support.
妇女在社会文化培育、生态环境保护和家庭建设中的独特作用日益凸显。
Women are playing an increasingly prominent unique role in the fostering of social culture, protection of the ecological environment and family management.
在协调推进“四个全面”战略布局的历史进程中，中国将继续贯彻男女平等基本国策，不断健全经济、法律、行政和舆论等政策措施，依法有效保障妇女合法权益，推动性别平等与妇女发展事业取得更大成就。
In its efforts to advance the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy, China will continue implementing the basic national policy of equality between men and women, constantly improve policies and measures in the fields of economy, law, administration and public opinion, safeguard women’s rights and interests in accordance with the law, and work to achieve greater success in the cause of gender equality and women’s development.
中国愿与其他国家一道，大力支持社会各界在促进性别平等与妇女发展中发挥积极作用，深化和拓展国际交流与合作，为全球平等、发展与和平作出新的贡献。
China is willing to work with other countries to encourage all social sectors to contribute to the promotion of gender equality and women’s development, to strengthen and expand international exchanges and cooperation, and to contribute further to promoting worldwide equality, development and peace.
中国积极履行性别平等与妇女发展的国际公约和文书，广泛开展妇女领域多边、双边的交流合作，加强与各国妇女组织的友好交往，注重对发展中国家妇女提供技术培训和物资援助，在推动全球性别平等与妇女发展中发挥了重要作用。
China actively implements international conventions and documentsconcerning gender equality and women’s development, takes part in international bilateral and multilateral women’s exchanges and cooperation, strengthens friendly exchanges with women organizations all over the world, and focuses on providing technical training and material assistance to women in developing countries,thus playing an important role in promoting gender equality and women’s development around the globe.
生态文明是人类文明发展到一定阶段的产物，是反映人与自然和谐程度的新型文明形态，体现了人类文明发展理念的重大进步。
An ecological civilization emerges when human society reaches a certain stage of development. As a new mode of civilization that reflects a level of harmony betweenhumans and nature, ecological civilization represents a major conceptual advance for the development of human civilization.
建设生态文明，不是要放弃工业文明，回到原始的生产生活方式，而是要以资源环境承载能力为基础，以自然规律为准则，以可持续发展、人与自然和谐为目标，建设生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的文明社会。
Building an ecological civilization does not mean that we must abandon industrial civilization and return to a primitive way of living. Rather, it means building a civilized society with developed production, affluent standards of living, and sound ecological environments in accordance with the goals of realizing sustainable development and achieving a state of balance between humans and nature. Therefore, this is a society in which human activities are based on the carrying capacity of resources and the environment, and in which human development is governed by the objective laws of nature.
推进生态文明建设是坚持以人为本的基本要求。坚持以人为本，首先要保障好人民群众的身心健康。
Promoting ecological progress is a basic requirement of putting people first. In maintaining a commitment to putting people first, the first thing we must do is to guarantee the mental and physical wellbeing of the people.
人民群众过去“求温饱”，现在“盼环保”，希望生活的环境优美宜居，能喝上干净的水、呼吸上清新的空气、吃上安全放心的食品。
In the past, the public were concerned with having adequate shelter, warm clothes, and enough to eat; now, they have a greater demand for environmental protection. Specifically, they long for agreeable living environments, clean water, fresh air, and safe food that they can trust.
民之所望，施政所向。
The job of the government is to orient its policies towards the wishes of the people.
我们必须下大气力解决突出的环境问题，不断改善人民群众生产生活条件，以实际效果取信于民。
Therefore, we must devote major efforts to resolving prominent environmental issues,work constantly to improve the working and living conditions of the people, and continue towin the people’s trust by delivering solid results in our environmental initiatives.
我国是海洋大国，保护海洋、经略海洋不仅涉及我国发展空间，也涉及国家战略安全。
China is a major maritime nation. For this reason, the protection and management of ocean environments has a bearing not only on China’s development, but also on its national security.
当前，大气、水和土壤等突出的污染问题已经到了不治不行、刻不容缓的地步，必须重点突出、重拳出击、重典治污、力求实效。
We have come to the stage where urgent action must be taken without delay to address the serious problems of air, water, and soil pollution in China. In responding to these problems, we need to identify clear priorities, adopt striking measures, lay an emphasis onthe rectification of pollution, and strive to attain solid results.
我国不仅存在资源型缺水、工程型缺水，而且污染型缺水也较严重。
China’s water shortages are not only a result of insufficient resources and inadequate water conservancy facilities, but are also due to the effects of pollution.
生态文明建设需要全社会共同努力，良好的生态环境也为全社会所共享。
The establishment of an ecological civilization will call for widespread efforts from society as a whole, and all members of society stand to benefit from sound ecological environments.
年翻译资格考试初级口译习题
汉译英
“一带一路”建设既是远期的美好愿景，又是近期的实在福利。
The Belt and Road Initiative offers both a long-term vision and real benefits in the near future.
一些西方人质疑“一带一路”建设，认为它缺乏清晰的内涵、路线图，只写意、不写实。这种理解显然是片面的。
Some Westerners believe the Initiative is nothing more than a concept, lacking a clear roadmap. However, such an interpretation isone-sided.
当然也要看到，“一带一路”建设的设计构想是实现共赢，但并非没有风险。恰恰是因为存在风险，才更需要共商、共建、共享。
Of course, potential risks during the construction must be acknowledged. And it is because of those risks that the construction is being done through joint consultation, joint construction and sharing.
科学把握“一带一路”建设中的机遇和风险。
The opportunities and risks that come with the Initiative must beviewed objectively.
“一带一路”不搞势力范围，而是推动大家一起加入朋友圈，编织互利共赢的合作伙伴网络。
The Belt and Road Initiative is not meant to establish a sphere of influence, but to weave a partnership network.
在沿线各国、各地区努力下，“一带一路”建设将蓬勃发展的亚洲经济圈与欧洲经济圈连接起来，将激发巨大经济潜力和市场需求，打造世界经济发展新引擎。
With joint efforts between different countries and regions along theroute, and by aligning the booming Asian economic sphere with the European one, the Belt and Road Initiative will stimulate huge market demand, acting as an engine for global economic development.
从长期看，“一带一路”建设着眼于促进21世纪世界经济发展，践行开放包容理念，开创经济全球化广阔前景。
In the long run, the Initiative will advance world economic development. It will put into practice the idea of openness and inclusiveness, and will pioneer economic globalization.
泰山(Mount Tai)，世界文化与自然双重遗产 ，世界地质公园，全国重点文物保护单位，国家重点风景名胜区，国家5A级旅游景区。
Mount Tai is a World Cultural and Natural Heritage site, World Geopark, Key Cultural Site under State Protection, National Key Tourist Attraction, and a AAAAA Tourist Attraction.
泰山位于山东省泰安市中部。主峰玉皇顶海拔1545米，气势雄伟磅礴，有“五岳之首”、“天下第一山”的之称。
Located in the central region of Tai’an City, Shandong Province, Mount Tai is reputed to be the “First of the Five Famous Mountains” and the “First Mountain in the World”. Its main peak, the Peak of the Heavenly Emperor, is located at an altitude of 1,545m.
黄山被誉为“震旦国中第一奇山”，位于中国安徽省南部黄山市境内。
Hailed as “the most astonishing mountain in China”, Mount Huangshan is located in Huangshan City in the south of Anhui Province.
南北长约40公里，东西宽约30公里，山脉面积1200平方公里，核心景区面积约160.6平方公里，主体以花岗岩构成，最高处莲花峰，海拔1864米。
It covers an area of 1,200km2 (core scenic area of about 160.6km2), about 40km in length from south to north and 30km in width from east to west. It is mainly formed bygranite and has an altitude of 1,864m at the Lotus Peak.
九寨沟风景名胜区位于四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州南坪县境内，距离成都市400多公里，是一条纵深40余公里的山沟谷地，因周围有9个藏族村寨而得名，总面积约620平方公里，大约有52%的面积被茂密的原始森林所覆盖。成为中国唯一拥有“世界自然遗产”和“世界生物圈保护区”两顶桂冠的圣地。
①Located in Nanping County of Aba Tibetan & Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province, the Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area is a valley with the depth of more than 40km, over 400km away from Chengdu.
② It has become well-known for the nine surrounding Tibetan villages that cover about 620km2.
③ About 52% of the area is covered with thick, virgin forest.
④ The Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area has become the only holy land to enjoy both “World Natural Heritage” and “World Biosphere Reserve” status in China.
篇2：翻译资格怎么练好口译翻译
翻译资格怎么练好口译翻译
口译翻译对英语基本功的要求比较高，当场听到马上能够组织语言翻译过来。要求必须能听懂，不能有任何原则性的错误，否则就是失败。这也是口语翻译最基本的能力。很多人想要做口译翻译，可是如何入门，怎么才能练好口译翻译呢?
复述
一开始是从练习复述开始，选择一篇2分钟左右的听力材料，听完之后做复述，刚开始可以选择记一些关键的信息。每个人程度不同，练着练着自己也会有感觉的，当一篇文章80%-90%的内容都能复述出来，基本可以试着进行下一步了。
笔记
笔记的目的是辅助大脑记忆更多的信息，不是代替大脑进行工作，所以一个好的口译员还是脑记为主，笔记为辅，一般是脑记70%，笔记30%。选择一些有用的口语翻译书籍，好好看看人家的笔记符号是如何运用的，积累一些常用的符号，分析文章的逻辑，以及文字语言是怎么转化成为符号语言的。然后，在不看范例的情况下，自己看着原文，进行练习，之后对比文中的范例，补充自己的遗漏之处。
交传
积累了一些笔记符号之后就可以练习一些简单的交传了。也是选择一些好的材料进行对照，把自己的译文录下来，翻完之后，听一下，这样你知道自己的问题在什么地方，为什么这个信息点没有听出来，是词不知道意思，还是句子逻辑错了。翻错的句子或短语应该记下来，当中好的句式也应该记下来，这样日积月累你自然会有提高。
同传
如果你交传练习的比较扎实，同传这种类型的文章并不难。演讲者开始说话的2-3s之后，你也跟着说，说同一种语言。一开始选择可以选择比较简单的材料，时间也短点。你自己说过去之后再回头对照，抓细小的点，译文质量的精妙之处往往就在一些这种细小的点上。
实战
实战对于口语翻译来说太重要了，到了现场你就会发现，理论好多时候指导不了实践的，随机应变才是。翻译会在现场遇到很多很多情况，如何解决一是要看你在学校的基本功，二是考察你的反应能力。刚开始去外面实践，会前要做200%的准备工作，这种事情怕少不怕多。翻译本来也是杂家，多学一点各领域的知识是应该的，而且你翻过一次之后，下次再遇到同样的话题就会容易上手一些。会后也有做一点总结，可以自己记录一些这次会议中出现的问题，什么地方处理的不好，什么地方可以有待改进。下次避免犯同样的错误。这就是积累经验。
翻译资格考试catti三级笔译词汇
日食 eclipse (The eclipse provides a crucial opportunity to fight superstitions by raising awareness to remove the fears foisted by some people and electronic media. 这次日食为我们提供了反对迷信、提高意识破除一些人和电子媒体灌输恐惧心理的重要机会。)
社会主义荣辱观 Socialist Concept of Honor and Disgrace
荣誉权 right of fame
荣誉权 right of fame
融资渠道 financing channels
荣誉称号 title of honour
入党申请书 Party membership applicat ion
入股 buy into 入
境旅游 inbound tourism
入境问俗,入乡随俗 When in Rome do as the Romans do.
入境限制 entry ban (The Chinese government announced on Tuesday the lifting of the 20-year-old ban on entry for foreigners with HIV/AIDS, sexually transmitted diseases and leprosy. 中国政府本周二宣布，取消对艾滋病病毒携带者，以及患有性病、麻疯病等疾病的外国人实行了 20 年的入境限制政策。)
入水时水花很少 clean entry
入网许可证 network access license
入账 enter an item in an account or to enter into the account book 入住 be
opened for occupancy
软包装 soft-packing
软环境 soft environment
软科学 soft science
软盘 floppy disk
软新闻 soft news
软着陆 soft landing
软肋 soft spot; Achilles'heel
软实力 soft power
翻译资格考试catti三级笔译词汇
入场 march in (More than 4000 athletes started to march in the National Stadium at the opening ceremony of the Beijing Paralympics Saturday night. 6日晚，在国家体育场举行的残奥会开幕式上，4000 多名运动员开始入场。)
瑞雪兆丰年 A timely snow promises a good harvest.
弱肉强食法则 law of the jungle
弱势群体 disadvantaged groups
弱势群体 vulnerable groups (“Also, public attitude is inclined to sympathize with vulnerable groups,” Xie said, adding that public opinion would eventually influence public policy. 上海发展战略研究所谢耘耕说：“而且，公众态度倾向于同情弱势群体。”他补充说，舆论将最终影响国家政策。)
入 住 率 occupancy rate (Latest statistics indicated the occupancy rate of Shanghai hotels is currently sitting at 40%, a sharp decline from the same period last year. 最新数据表明，上海酒店入住率目前仅为 40%，比去年同期大幅下降。)
赛季 sports competition season
塞翁失马，焉知非福 Misfortune may be an actual blessing.
三八红旗手 woman pace-setter
三八线 38th Parallel
360 度环幕电影 Circamara
三班倒 three shifts
三步走战略 the three-step development strategy
三产 tertiary industry
三大法宝 the three main and effective method
三大作风 the Party's three important styles of work (integrat ing theory with practice, forging close links with the masses and practicing self-crit icism) 三废
(废气、废水、废渣) “three wastes ”(waste gas, waste water and waste residues)
三分钟热度 brief period of enthusiasm
三高农业 “three highs” agriculture (high yield, high quality and high efficiency agriculture)
三 个 代 表 three represents theory (the Party must always represent the requirements of the development of China's advanced productive forces, the orientation of the development of China's advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people in China.)
三个有利于 three favorables (whether it promotes the growth of the productive forces in a socialist society, increases the overall strenth of the socialist state and raises the people's living standards
三股企业 three-share enterprises—enterprises whose shares are purchased by government departments, local authorities and other enterprises
《三国演义》 The Romance of the Three Kingdoms
三好学生 merit student; three good student(good in study, attitude and health)
散户 retail / private investor
三讲教育(讲学习、讲政治、讲正气)three emphases education (to stress theoretical study, political awareness and good conduct); stress the need to study, to be political-minded and to be honest and upright
“三讲” 教育 “Three Emphasis” Education
三角恋爱 love triangle
三角债 chain debt
散客 individual traveler
山不在高，有仙则名 “No matter how high the mountain is, its name will spread far and wide if there is a fairy; ”
闪电战 blitz; lightning war
闪客 flash
翻译资格考试catti三级笔译词汇
山姆大叔 Uncle Sam
煽情 arouse one's enthusiasm or fervor
山体滑坡 mountain landslide
闪存卡 flash memory card
商办工业企业 industrial enterprises run by commercial units
上班时间 office hour
商标冒用 trade mark infringement
商标条款 brand clause
商标专利权 exclusive right to use trademark
商潮 business wave
上岗 go to one's post; go on duty
上岗证 work license
上海合作组织 Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)
上海合作组织秘书处 Secretariat of Shanghai Cooperation Organization
上海五国第六次峰会 the sixth summit of Shanghai Five
上海五国机制 the Shanghai Five mechanism
商检局 Commodity Inspection Bureau
商界 the business circle 上马 start a project
上门服务 door-to-door service
上门推销员 knocker
商品步行街 shopping mall
商品储备 commodity supply
商品房 commercial residential building
商品房空置 the vacancy problem in commercial housing
翻译资格考试catti三级笔译词汇
商业街 commercial street; business district
商业网点和设施 commodity network and facility
商业网点 commodity network
商业信贷原则 principles for commercial credit
商业预测 business forecasting
上有天堂，下有苏杭 “Just as there is paradise in heaven, ther are Suzhou and Hangzhou on earth.”
上访者 petitioner (Authorities in Gansu have put the protest under control after a group of petitioners attacked local government buildings Monday night. 17 日晚，甘肃省陇南发生上访者冲击市委机关群体性事件，目前事态已得到控制。)
上火 suffer from too much internal heat
上门服务 visit ing service
商务出境 outbound tour for commercial affairs
上证指数(上海证券交易所指数) SSE (Shanghai Stock Exchange) Composite Index
哨兵 sentry. (A sentry on duty outside a garrison in Gaoxin District of Chongqing was shot dead by unidentified attacker(s). 位于重庆市高新区的某驻渝部队营房哨兵遭持枪歹徒袭击身亡。)
扫黄运动 anti-porn drive
少林功夫 Shaolin Kung Fu. (Shaolin Kung Fu will be featured in a cultural event held by the United Nat ions Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in Paris in May, the China News Service reported Monday.据中新社16 日报道，今年 5 月，联合国教科文组织将在总部巴黎举办“文化多样性活动周”，中国少林功夫应邀参加。)
少 数 服 从 多 数 、下 级 服 从 上 级 、局 部 服 从 全 体 、全 党 服 从 中 央 “the minority is subordinate to the majority, the lower level to the higher level, the part to the whole and the entire membership of the Party to the Central Committee ”
少数民族地区 regions inhabited by ethnic groups
社保体系 social welfare system (China plans to invest 5.74 trillion yuan by 2020 in building an all-round social welfare system to enhance people's livelihoods, according to the China Development Research Foundation, a government think-tank. 政府智囊机构中国发展研究基金会表示，我国计划在 2020 年前投入 5.74 万亿人民币用于建设覆盖城乡的社会保障体系，提高人民的生活水平。)
社会保障制度 social security system
社会保障支出 expenditure for social security
社会保障基金 social security funds
社会福利彩票 social welfare lotteries
社会公众利益 interests of the general public
社会化服务体系 socialized service system; social service system
篇3：翻译资格口译学习经验
翻译资格口译学习经验分享
1.要博闻强记
众所周知，口译和笔译相比，具有许多的困难。笔译在碰到问题时可以查词典，可以请教别人，遣词造句可以反复推敲;而口译却没有了这些便利，你必须马上把讲话人的意思用另一种语言表达出来，容不得你犹豫与思考。因此，作为一个好的译员，除了必须具有坚实的语言基础以外，还必须要有丰富的各种相关知识。如果有可能，在执行口译任务之前，要做好充分的准备，其中包括所谈论的主题的相关资料与词汇、与谈论主题相关的背景资料，如对方公司和发言人的基本情况等。这些工作，往往需要在极短的时间内完成。因此，除了平时的积累以外，临上阵前的“恶补”也是十分必要和十分重要的。
笔译累了，可以休息放松，而口译译员的神经却一直要处于高度紧张的状况，要把发言人的讲话内容记住，不能遗漏。因此一场口译下来，往往是连话都不想再说。
如果事前不做好准备，临场就会无法应付。据说吴仪有一次访问香港召开记者会，翻译错译很多，后来吴仪干脆不要翻译，用中文讲完后自己用英文讲。可想而知，这个翻译以后的日子会好过吗?
口译工作者，特别是为首长和老总当口译的人，你们的工作可以用如履薄冰来形容，因此马虎不得。
2. 要替人受过
无论是何种性质的谈判，谈判的过程是双方谈条件的相互讨价还价最终达成一致的过程。因此这些谈判中争执是免不了的。有时候，讨论的双方在对自己前面的承诺或条件做出修改或让步时，为了避免承认自己所说过的错话，降低自己在谈判中的地位，会把责任推给译员，说是译员没有按照自己的意思翻译，或翻译错了。
在这样的时候，译员一定要沉得住气，甘于替人受过，千万不能来个矢口否认，说自己没有错。而且在这样的谈判结束后，领导也不会见得主动向你表示道歉。
这是口译这一行的不成文的行规。你选择了这个职业，你就得这样做，千万不能因年轻气盛而受不得委屈。
3.要随机应变
在口译工作中，译员的随机应变能力也是很重要的。
比如说，有时发言者会插入一段笑话，调动听众的情绪。而有外语知识的人都知道，由于语言和文化的差异，在一种语言一种文化里很好笑的一段笑话，翻译成另一种语言，在另一种文化里，很可能一点都不好笑。如果在口译时译员碰到这种情况，该如何处理呢?
以前我看过一篇文章，说的是一个译员急中生智，给听众讲了与发言者所讲的笑话内容毫不相干的另外一段笑话，结果听众听完笑话，哈哈一笑，发言者不明就里，以为大家体会到了他所讲的笑话，也就心满意足了。
4. 要忍饥受饿
会议会谈完了，吃饭的时候，口译还不能闲着。往往在饭桌上还有许多的讨论。且不说介绍菜名和饮食文化，这是译员所必须做的，许多时候，双方会借吃饭时拉家常、联络感情。
比如中方主人讲了话，译员得翻译，刚才讲话的人可以吃菜，等着翻译和回答。而等到译员翻译完，外方作答，译员只能在外方讲话时往嘴里塞点东西，还不能多(满嘴食物讲话是不可以的)，然后译员又得翻译。周而复始，大家吃饱了，喝足了，译员常常还没有半饱。这样的情况是家常便饭。
5.要声情并茂
作为口译译员，你所面对的发言人的性格各异，谈吐风格各异，打动听众的手法和技巧各异。你要做到的，不仅仅是把讲话的内容忠实准确地翻译出来，还要尽量把讲话人的性格、风格和技巧都表达出来。
举个简单的例子，讲话人如果以极为兴奋的语调表达一件他认为十分高兴的事情，而译员这天刚好心情不好(或译员本身就是个冷血动物)而音调低沉地翻译，意思是表达了，但效果却会大打折扣。
因此，一个优秀的口译，一定不是一个性格内向木纳的人。我自己因为曾经在下乡期间担任过农场文艺宣传队的队长，对唱歌跳舞演剧均懂一点，在翻译时，还能根据讲话人的声情并茂而尽量接近
翻译资格英语三级口译汉译英真题：苏州工业园
汉译英：苏州工业园
题目来源：10月27日商务部钟山同志在苏州工业园区中新联合协调理事会第十六次会议上的发言
First of all, on behalf of the Ministry of Commerce of China, I would like to express my agreement with the work report of the bilateral working committee presented to the council, and the interpretation made by the president of the bilateral working committee. At the same time, I am glad with the achievements gained by the Suzhou Industrial Park during the 20 years since its foundation, and sincerely thankful to Singapore’s support to the park.
苏州工业园区的发展历程，是中国改革开放和社会主义现代化建设的成功缩影，也是中新两国平等互利、精诚合作的真实写照。来，苏州工业园区在规划建设、招商引资、科技发展、社会治理、体制机制创新等方面取得了显著成效，成为新时期中国对外开放和开发区建设的成功典范。尽管苏州工业园区在开发建设过程中也不可避免地遇到过困难和挑战，但是，双方始终坚持苏州工业园区发展目标不动摇，真诚以待、和衷共济，依靠双方的智慧和力量解决各种难题，创造了令合作双方自豪的成绩。这些成绩的取得，得益于两国领导人的亲切关怀，得益于双方各理事单位的大力支持，也得益于江苏省、苏州市和园区建设者们的不懈努力。
The development history of the Suzhou Industrial Park is a successful epitome of China’s reform and opening up, as well as the socialist modernization, and also a mirror of the equality, reciprocity and sincere cooperation between China and Singapore. During the 20 years, the Suzhou Industrial Park has gained remarkable achievements on planning and construction, business and investment inviting, scientific and technological development, social governance and system and mechanism innovation, becoming a successful model of China’s opening up and development area construction in the new era. There were inevitable difficulties and challenges during the construction of the Suzhou Industrial Park, but the two parties always adhere to the development goal of the park, working together with one heart and sincerity, and solve all kinds of difficulties with the wisdom and strength of the two parties, creating splendid achievements. These achievements are attributable to the kind concern of the leaders of the two countries, the support from the members of the council, and the unremitting efforts of Jiangsu province, Suzhou city and the builders of the park.
商务部作为中方理事会牵头单位，对园区发展一直予以高度重视，会同各理事单位一起加大对园区在科技创新、金融服务以及服务业开放等方面的支持力度。今年是园区开发建设20周年，园区又将迎来一个新的发展阶段。
As a leading member of the council of the Chinese side, the Ministry of Commerce has always paid high attention to the development of the park, and together with other council members, strengthened support to the park in scientific and technological innovation, financial services and opening up of the service industry. This year marks the 20th anniversary of the establishment of the park, representing the start of a new development stage.
希望园区全面总结开发建设成果和中新合作经验，充分发挥双边合作优势，不断深化合作内涵，扩大合作领域，更加突出以市场为主的开发建设模式，推动园区社会管理创新，加快转型升级、创新发展，为推进中国产业优化升级和新型城镇化建设提供有益借鉴。商务部与各中方理事单位将一如既往地支持园区发展，解决园区建设中遇到的实际困难和问题，为中新友好合作和苏州工业园区进一步发展作出积极的贡献。
I hope that the park would comprehensively summarize its development achievements and the experience of China-Singapore cooperation, give full play of the advantages of bilateral cooperation, continuously deepen cooperation connotation, expanding cooperation fields, highlight the development mode centered on market, promote the innovation of social management, speed up transformation and upgrading, and accelerate innovative development, in order to provide experience to China’s industrial upgrading and optimization and new-type urbanization. The Ministry of Commerce and other council members will support the development of the park as always, solve the difficulties and problems during the construction, and make positive contributions to China-Singapore friendly cooperation and the further development of the park.
翻译资格英语三级口译英译汉真题：中国发展的三座桥
英译汉：中国发展的三座桥
Last night, when I was coming into town from Pudong Airport, I crossed the beautiful Huangpu River on the Lupu Bridge. This reminded me of China’s talent in making bridges and made me think of three other important bridges.
昨晚，我从浦东机场进城，通过卢浦大桥跨过了美丽的黄浦江。这让我想起了中国在修桥方面的天赋和另外三座重要的桥梁。
Bridge number one: 40 years ago, China started to build a “bridge to the world” by opening its economy and by kickstarting reforms that have changed the lives and prospects of hundreds of millions of people—here and and beyond China.
第一座桥梁：40年前，中国开始建造“通往世界的桥梁”。开放经济，启动改革。改变了数亿人的生活和前景，不仅仅是在中国。
By transforming itself—through trade, hard work, and learning from others—China has also helped to transform the global economy. Progress in this country has played a significant role in boosting productivity, innovation and living standards in countries around the world.
中国在通过贸易、勤奋努力和向他国学习来实现自我转变的同时，也帮助全球经济实现了转型。中国的发展对于提高世界各国的生产力、创新能力和生活水平发挥了重要作用。
Yes, there is always more work to be done. On these bridges, you don’t want traffic jams. There is room for even greater openness in China’s domestic market, which can help strengthen the global trade system. And there is scope for further reforms that can help unlock the full potential of many private-sector firms.
当然，总有可以进一步改进的空间。中国的国内市场还有更大的开放空间，这有助于加强全球贸易体系。另外，还有待进一步推进改革，促进释放众多私营企业的全部潜力。
Bridge number two: China is building a “bridge to prosperity” by rebalancing its economy towards consumption-led growth, rather than export- and investment-led growth.
第二座桥梁：中国正在建造“通往繁荣的桥梁”。促进经济的再平衡调整，实现消费带动、而非出口和投资驱动的经济增长，
Building that bridge is well underway. In the first three quarters of this year, consumption contributed 78 percent to China’s GDP growth, up from 50 percent only 5 years ago.
这座桥梁的建设正在进行之中。今年前三个季度，消费对中国GDP增长的贡献率达到78%，而5年前仅为50%。
This transition—which is symbolized by the China International Import Expo—is good for China, especially in terms of rising standards of living for the Chinese people, and good for the world, including all those who see China as a vital and vibrant market for their goods and services.
这一转变——以中国国际进口博览会为标志——对中国有利，特别是提高了中国人民的生活水平;同时，也对世界有利，包括所有将中国作为货物和服务重要和充满活力的市场的国家。
Again, we can see the progress and rebalancing in the numbers: for example, China’s current account surplus is projected to be less than 1 percent of GDP this year, compared with about 10 percent in .
相关进展和再平衡进程同样体现在数字中：例如，中国的经常账户顺差预计今年不到GDP的1%，而约为10%。
Bridge number three: China is building a “bridge to the future” by harnessing the power of international cooperation, especially on trade.
第三座桥梁：中国正在建造“通往未来的桥梁”。利用国际合作的力量，特别是贸易方面的国际合作。
On behalf of the IMF, I have called on all countries to de-escalate and resolve the current trade disputes and to fix the global trade system, not destroy it. To achieve these goals, we need more international cooperation, not less—and that goes well beyond economics.
代表国际货币基金组织，我已经呼吁所有国家缓和、化解当前的贸易争端，修复全球贸易体系，而不是破坏它。为实现这些目标，我们需要加强国际合作，而不是削弱国际合作——而这远远超出经济学的范畴。
The French philosopher Montesquieu once said that “wherever there is good citizenship, there is trade, and wherever there is trade, there is good citizenship.”
法国哲学家孟德斯鸠曾经说过，“有良好的公民精神，就有贸易;有贸易，就有良好的公民精神。”
In other words, trade has the capacity to boost innovation, foster not only prosperity but also peace within countries and among nations.
换句话说，贸易不仅能推动创新、促进繁荣，还能促进一国内部和各国之间的和平。
So, in Shanghai, the city of 12 bridges, I will only mention three, but this is where we need to start this cooperation towards more peace and more prosperous future.
所以，让我们携手合作，在拥有12座桥梁的上海和世界其它各地，为和平、为繁荣的未来建造这些桥梁。
Thank you.
谢谢各位。
篇4：如何加强翻译资格口译能力的技巧
加强翻译资格口译能力的技巧
一、词汇量的累积
词汇量的累计量直接影响到翻译工作者的口译水平，口译是实时的，源语讲话时就要快速在脑海中将那一句话其过滤成另一种语言，而词汇量的累积多少，就决定了你会不会卡壳，能不能脱口而出。
二、加强练习
北京翻译公司的翻译工作者们，平时可以多加练习，比如说在别人说话的时候，偷偷在心里将其翻译成另一种语言。
三、发音标准清晰
口译的目的就是为了将源语的话清晰地用一种需要表达出来，口译时不要着急，保证发音标准清晰，让别人能听懂。
勤能补拙，只要付出足够的努力，就一定会取得进步，总之，口译工作能力的加强，是需要经过不断的练习的。希望上述小编分享的有关加强口译能力的这些技巧大家可以有效掌握。
翻译资格考试三级口译实务汉译英试题
新闻自由
新闻自由是一个相对的词。我认为，第一新闻应该不受限制;第二，新闻应该对社会负责;第三，新闻应该促进社会稳定与进步。这三个方面互为联系，同等重要，不可分割。片面强调某一方面会带来问题，因而是有害的。
Freedom of the press is a relative term. In my opinion, firstly, the press should be unrestrained; secondly, the press should be responsible to society; and thirdly, the press should promote social stability and progress. The three aspects are integrated, equally important and inseparable. It is harmful to one-sidely stress only one aspect, as this would cause some problems.
美国也曾经面临过这样的局面，最初极其崇尚自由主义，而对自由主义的强调不当造成了滥用新闻自由概念的结果。这是新闻理论发展的第一阶段。后来美国新闻业发现了闻，于是提出了负责任的新闻这个概念，或者叫作社会责任理论，新闻理论于是进入了第二个发展阶段。现在世界已进入一个和平与发展的后冷战时期。全世界人民都渴望有一个稳定的、进步与和平发展的社会环境。他们真诚地希望媒体在促进社会稳定和进步方面发挥更大的作用，不要引起社会动荡与退步。我认为，这个后冷战时期标志着新闻理论已进入第三个发展时期。我认为，目前中国的传播媒体正在努力实践我前面所讲的三点。
The United States once faced this situation. It had much esteem for Liberalism at the very beginning. However, its undue emphasis on this idea resulted in the excessive abuse of the freedom of the press. This was the first period of development of the press theory. Later on, the American press perceived their own problems and therefore, put forward the concept of the responsible press, or the theory of social responsibility, bringing the development of the press theory into the second period of development. Now the world has entered a pose-cold-war period of peace and development. People all over the world yearn for a social environment characterized by stability, progress and peaceful development. They earnestly hope the media will play an even greater role in promoting social stability and progress, instead of causing social turbulence and retrogression. This post-cold-war period, I believe, characterizes the emerging third period of development for the press theory. In my opinion, China’s media is striving to put the three aspects I mentioned earlier into practice.
西方媒体对中国的许多报道是不正确的，有时是非常不客观的，是非常不公正的。西方报纸很少报道中国的发展，它们感兴趣的不是中国的快速进步，而是存在的困难和问题。如果人们只依据这些报道，无视中国的现实，那么中国在他们脑海里便是一个很快就要垮台的社会。而事实恰恰相反，中国是一个政治上非常稳定的社会，是一个经济上快速发展的国家。
Many reports on China by the media of the West are not accurate, and sometimes very unobjective and very unfair. Reports on China’s development are rarely seen in Western newspapers. They show little concern for China’s rapid progress, but care only about the difficulties and problems. If one relied only on those reports and ignored the reality of China, the picture of China in one’s mind would be a society soon to collapse. But quite on the contrary, China in fact is a politically very stable society and economically rapid growing country.
我们经常报道政府工作中存在的问题。读者可以从中发现，我们对这些问题的报道完全不同于西方的报道。我们知道在发展过程中产生这些问题在所难免。我们报道的目的是让人民为解决这些问题献计献策，而不是激发社会的动荡不安，引起误解，甚至歪曲事实。新闻媒介只有这样进行报道，才会被视为对社会的负责。
We often report problems that exist in the government’s work. Readers may find that our reports on these problems are totally different from Western reports. We know these issues arose naturally in the process of our development. The purpose of our report is to let people offer solutions to these problems, not to stir up social turmoil and lead to misunderstandings and even to the distortion of what is really happening. Only by reporting in this way can a news medium be regarded as responsible to society.
翻译资格考试三级口译实务汉译英试题
全面合作
我们双方已一致同意建立面向21世纪的睦邻互信伙伴关系。为了实现这个目标，我愿在这里提出以下几点意见：
Our two sides have agreed to establish a good-neighborly partnership of mutual trust oriented towards the 21st century. To reach this goal, I would like to offer my observations as follows:
——充分运用已经确立的全面对话合作机制，拓展双方在各个领域、各个层次、各个渠道的交流与合作，加强双方领导人和各界人士之间的交往，增进信任，扩大共识，加强友谊。
We should make the best use of the existing mechanism of all-round dialogue and cooperation to broaden our exchanges and cooperation in all areas, at all levels and through all channels, and strengthen the exchanges and contacts between leaders and people from all walks of life of our two sides to enhance our mutual trust, expand common ground and promote friendship.
——本着优势互补、互利互惠的原则，把双方经贸、科技合作摆到重要地位，加强在资源、技术、市场、金融、信息、人力资源开发以及投资等领域的合作，以利于相互促进，共同发展。
We should give priority to our economic relations and trade, scientific and technological cooperation between our two sides in accordance with the principle of drawing on each other’s comparative advantages and mutual benefit and reinforce the cooperation in the areas of resources, technology marketing, banking, information, human resources development and investment to promote common progress.
——在一些重大的地区和国际问题上，在联合国、亚太经合组织、亚欧会议以及东盟地区论坛中，加强双方的相互对话，相互协调，相互支持，共同维护发展中国家的正当权益，促进发展中国家公正平等、不受歧视地参与国际经济决策和运行。
We should intensify two-way dialogue, coordination and mutual support between our two sides on major regional and international issues and in the United Nations, APEC(Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation), AES(Asia-Europe Summit) and ARF(ASEAN Regional Forum) with a view to jointly safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of the developing countries and promoting their fair and equal participation in the international economic decision-making and operation without discrimination.
——继续通过平等友好协商，处理彼此间存在的一些分歧和争议，寻求问题的逐步解决。有些分歧一时解决不了，可以暂时搁置，求同存异，而不要因此影响双方睦邻互信伙伴关系的建立和发展。
We should continue our efforts in handling the existing differences or disputes through friendly consultations on an equal footing and seek a progressive solution to the problems. Those differences that cannot be solved for the time being may be shelved temporarily in the spirit of seeking common ground while putting aside differences so that they will not stand in the way of the establishment and development of the good-neighborly partnership of mutual trust between the two sides.
中国始终不渝地奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，中国队外政策的最高宗旨是和平。中国是世界上最大的发展中国家，社会生产力水平总的还比较低，还要经过几十年的艰苦奋斗才能实现现代化，需要有长期的和平国际环境，尤其是睦邻友好环境。今后中国发达起来了，仍将继续坚持和平共处5项原则，与世界各国相互尊重，平等相待，友好相处，决不称霸。中国永远是维护世界和地区和平与稳定的坚定力量。
China pursues unswervingly an independent foreign policy of peace, taking peace as the ultimate goal. As the largest developing country in the world with a relatively low level of productive forces on the whole, China needs a long term peaceful international environment and a good neighborly environment in particular to realize its modernization program through decades of arduous struggles. Even when China is developed, it will continue to adhere to the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, live with other countries in amity in the spirit of mutual respect and treating others as equals, and never seek hegemony. China will always be a staunch force in maintaining regional and global peace and stability.
翻译资格考试三级口译实务汉译英试题
中餐烹饪与菜系
说起中餐，人们都知道中餐烹饪以其“色、香、味、形”俱全而著称于世。中国悠久的历史、广袤的疆土、好客的习俗，这些都孕育了中餐烹饪的独特艺术。中餐烹饪讲究原料的选配、食物的质地、佐料的调制、切菜的刀工、适时的烹调，以及装盘艺术。最负盛名的中餐菜系有南方的粤菜、北方的鲁菜、东部的淮扬菜和西部的川菜，素有“南淡北咸，东甜西辣”之特点。
【参考译文】In terms of Chinese food, it is popularly recognized that Chinese cuisine is world-famous for its perfect combination of “color, aroma, taste and appearance”. China’s unique culinary art owes itself to the country’s long history, vast territory and hospitable tradition. Chinese cuisine gives emphasis to the selection of raw materials, the texture of food, the blending of seasonings slicing techniques, the perfect timing of cooking and the art of laying out the food on the plate, among the best-known schools of Chinese culinary tradition are the Cantonese cuisine of the south, the Shandong cuisine of the north, the Huai-Yang cuisine of the east and the Sichuan cuisine of the west. These four major varieties of Chinese food have been traditionally noted as “the light flavor of the south, the salty flavor of the north, the sweet flavor of the east and the spicy-hot flavor of the west”.
篇5：翻译资格口译考试复习指导
翻译资格口译考试复习指导：口译笔记练习六步曲
口译初学者，从无笔记口译转入到有笔记口译训练的阶段，往往陷入听的懂却不记不下来或者一记笔记就无法听的困境，甚至手忙脚乱，不知所措。to listening or to note-taking，that is a problem.主要原因有三：一是听辨能力不过关，不能很好的分辨意群和主次信息;二是，精力分配(effort coordination)，只能将注意力放在听上或者写上，无法找到听和记之间的平衡。三是，笔记技巧不熟，没有形成自己的笔记体系。
口译笔记是大脑短期记忆的有效补充。用的好，会成为译员手上的大杀器;用不好，会成为译员的绊脚石。在纵写布局、并列式叠加分布、分层缩进等通用原则基础上，口译学习者应该结合自己的思维特点和理解习惯，设计个人的笔记体系。经过一定量的练习，并采用一定的方法，则可以形成简洁和便利的口译笔记。
第一步——无限时中文视记练习：即看着中文文本，边进行逻辑分析，边记口译笔记。无时间限制，认真分析原文结构，进行笔记。笔记完毕后，不看原文，用中文或者英文读出笔记记录的内容。对同一个段落可以反复练习三到四遍，直到产生最简洁有效的笔记。该练习，由于无听辨烦扰、无时间压力，初学者可以充分熟悉笔记技巧，初步设计出自己的笔记体系。
第二步——英文视记练习：步骤同中文视记练习。练习时，需体会中、英文语言差异对笔记带来的影响。
第三步——限时视记练习：以正常语速朗读文章，记录下朗读完毕所需要的时间。然后以稍长于刚才朗读时间的时间段为限，在限定时间内，看着中文/英文文本，记口译笔记。比如，如果朗读完原文的时间为1分30秒，则限定时间可为1分45秒，在1分45秒内要完成笔记，然后用中文或英文读出笔记。
如果能在1分45秒内完成所有笔记，则将限定时间定为1分35秒，然后笔记、阅读笔记。达到目标后，将时间限定为1分25秒-30秒，然后记笔记、阅读笔记。该练习，可以模拟听记时的时间压力，培养迅速的区分主次信息、选择笔记记忆点的能力。
第四步——中文听记练习：听中文原文，然后记笔记，记完之后用中文或英文翻译刚才记录的内容。同一段落可以反复练习两遍，并将两遍笔记进行对比和分析，找出问题所在。多余中国学生，由于中文是母语，听力和输入不是问题。放在听辨上的精力要远远小于听英文时的精力，可以帮助学习者练习听辨及笔记的结合，练习精力分配，找到听和记的平衡点。
第五步——慢速英文听记练习：听英文原文，然后记笔记，记完之后用中文或英文翻译刚才记录的内容。同一段落可以反复练习两遍，并将两遍笔记进行对比和分析，找出问题所在，并体会中、英文语言差异对笔记带来的影响。尽管语速较慢，由于是非母语，对听辨的能力要求提高，需要更好的在听和记之间进行精力分配。
第六步——标准语速英文听记练习：方法同第五步。为充分消化听辨的压力，材料选取需从易到难，从熟悉的材料开始入手，难逐渐加大。材料内容，从逻辑结构清晰明了的演讲或者新闻入手，然后进入到访谈、报道、大会发言等对需要较高逻辑分析的文章上来。反复练习，最终实现手耳并行，有条不紊。
最后，提醒大家，笔记固然重要，但是不能迷信笔记。在口译过程中，永远是脑记为主、笔记为辅，笔记不可取代脑记。另外，不管是看着文本视记还是听原文听记，笔记永远是以逻辑分析和信息理解为基础的，不分析，则无记录。不理解，则无有效记录。
翻译资格考试容易译错的经典句
1. The house is really A-1.
(误译)那间房子的门牌确实是A-1号。
(正译)那间房子确实是一流的。
2.He bought a baker's dozen of biscuits.
(误译)他买了面包师做的12块饼干。
(正译)他买了13块饼干。
3.A bull of Bashan woke the sleeping child with his noise.
(误译)贝兴的一头公牛弄醒了那个酣睡的孩子。
(正译)一个大嗓门的人把那个酣睡的孩子吵醒了。
4.He was a cat in the pan.
(误译)他是盘子中的一只猫。
(正译)他是个叛徒。
5.A cat may look at a king.
(误译)一只猫都可以看到国王。
(正译)小人物也该有同等权利。
翻译资格考试容易译错的经典句
6.Even a hair of dog didn't make him feel better.
(误译)即使一根狗毛也不会使他觉得好些。
(正译)即使是再喝解宿醉的一杯酒，也不会使他觉得好些。
7.Is he a Jonah? 考试用书
(误译)他就是叫约拿吗?
(正译)他是带来厄运的人吗?
8.Jim is fond of a leap in the dark.
(误译)吉姆喜欢在黑暗处跳跃。
(正译)吉姆喜欢冒险行事。
9.A little bird told me the news.
(误译)一只小鸟将此消息告诉我。
(正译)消息灵通的人士将此消息告诉我。
10.Angela is a man of a woman.
(误译)安吉拉是个有妇之夫。
(正译)安吉拉是个像男人的女人。
翻译考试笔译中级翻译难句总结
. But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least' a few decisions for them- selves-goals that pose a real challenge.
[参考译文] 但是如果机器人要达到节省人工的下一个阶段，它们将必须在更少的人力监督之下工作，而且还要能够自己作出至少几个决定--这些目标才会引发真正的挑战。
2. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 8 percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd.
[参考译文] 但是人类的头脑可以只迅速地瞟一眼一个快速改变的场面，然后立刻放弃8%的不相关部分，而马上聚焦于一条崎岖森林道路边的一只猴子，或者在茫茫人海中的一张可疑的脸。 3. The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year, compared with $13 in 18, this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25---0.5% of GDP.
[参考译文] OECD在其最近的《经济瞭望》中估计，如果石油价格与的每 桶13美元相比在一年中平均为每22美元，这也只会给富裕的经济体的 石油进口账单上增加GDP的0.25%到0.5%。
4. One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that, unlike the rises in the 170s, it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.
[参考译文] 另外一个不应因油价上涨而失眠的原因是，这次不像70年代的那些次上涨，它并不是在普遍的商品价格暴涨和全球需求过旺的背景之下发生的。
5. Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of “double effect”, a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects--a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen--is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.
[参考译文] 尽管它裁决并没有宪法权利来支持医生帮助下的自杀行为，最高法院实际上支持了被称为“双重效果”的医疗原则;这个已有几个世纪历史的道德原则认为一个可能有两个效果的行为--一个想要达到的好的效果和一个已经预见到的有害的效果是被允许的，如果行为的实施者想要的 只是好的效果的话。
6. Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who “until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient mediation to control their pain if that might hasten death.”
[参考译文] Nancy Dubler，Montehore医疗中心的主任，认为这一原则将会保护这样一些医生，他们到目前为止还强烈坚持他们不能够给病人足量的镇痛剂来控制他们的疼痛，如果这么做会加速他们的死亡的话。
7. On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted--suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.
[参考译文] 在另一个层面上，很多医疗界的人承认，关于医生帮助下的自杀的讨论部分是因为病人的绝望情绪，对他们来说，现代医学已经延长了死亡的身体痛苦。
8. It identifies the undertreatment of pain and the aggressive use of “ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying” as the twin problems of end--of--life care.
[参考译文] 它把对疼痛的治疗不足和盲目积极使用“有可能延长死亡时间甚至让死亡过程蒙羞的无效并且强迫性的医疗手段”视为生命临终医护的两个问题。
9. In other words, there is a conventional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing new.
[参考译文] 换句话说，在媒介机构的新闻采编室文化中存在着--套约定俗成的写作模式，为新闻报道提供了主干框架以及可直接套用的叙述结构。若没有这些，新闻内容就会一团混乱，让人摸不着头脑。
10. If it did, it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on race and gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook, values, education, and class.
[参考译文] 如果新闻界真的注意到了问题的关键，它就应该进一步开放其多样化项目，这个项目现在还只单纯考虑招收不同种族和性别的员工，而进一步寻找那些世界观、价值观、教育水平和社会阶层大相径庭的各种记者。
翻译考试笔译中级翻译难句总结
1. Unlike most of the world's volcanoes, they are not always found at the boundaries of the great drifting plates that make up the earth's surface; on the contrary, many of them lie deep in the interior of a plate.
[参考译文] 跟世界上的大多数火山不同的是，它们(热点)并不总是在由构成地球表面巨大漂流板块之间的边界上出现;相反，它们中有许多位于一个板 块较纵深的内部。
2. The relative motion of the plates carrying these continents has been constructed in detail, but the motion of the plates with respect to another cannot readily be translated into motion with respect to the earth's interior.
[参考译文] 携带这些大陆板块的相对运动已经能够被详细地表述出来，但是这些板块相对于另一些板块的运动还不能轻易地解释为它们相对于地球内部 的运动。
3. As the dome grows, it develops seed fissures (cracks); in at least a few cases the continentmay break entirely along some of these fissures, so that the hot spot initiates the formation of a new ocean.
4. While warnings are often appropriate and necessary--the dangers of drug interactions, for example--and many are required by state or federal regulations, it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured.
[参考译文] 尽管警告常常是适当而且必须的--比如对于药物相互作用的危险提出警告--许多警告还是按州或联邦政府规定要求给出的，然而(我们) 并不清楚，如果顾客受到伤害时，这些警告是不是确实可以使得生产者 和销售者豁免责任。
5. At the same time, the American Law Institute--a group of judges, lawyers, and academics whose recommendations carry substantial weight--issued new guidelines for tort law stating that companies need not warn customers of obvious dangers or bombard them with a lengthy list of possible ones.
[参考译文] 与此同时，美国法律研究所--由一群法官、律师和理论专家组成，他们的建议分量极重--发布了新的民事伤害法令指导方针，宣称公司不 必提醒顾客注意显而易见的危险，也不必连篇累牍地一再提请他们注意 一些可能会出现的危险。
6. In the past year, however, software companies have developed tools that allow companies to “push” information directly out to consumers, transmitting marketing messages directly to targeted customers.
[参考译文] 但是，在过去的一年间，软件公司已经开发出工具，使得公司可以直接将信息“推出”给顾客，直接把营销讯息传递给目标顾客。
7. The examples of Virtual Vineyards, Amazon.com, and other pioneers show that a Web site selling the right kind of products with the right mix of interactivity, hospitality, and security will attract online customers.
[参考译文] 像Virtual Vineyards，Amazon.com这样的先驱网站表明，一个将交互性、热情服务和安全性合理结合以销售同类商品的网址是可以吸引网上客户 注意的。
8. An invisible border divides those arguing for computers in the classroom on the behalf of students' career prospects and those arguing for computers in the classroom for broader reasons of radical education reform.
[参考译文] 有些人为了学生的就业前景为教室里放置电脑而辩，有些人为教育的彻底改革中更为广泛的理由为教室里放置电脑而辩，这两群人之间有一条 无形的界线。
9. Rather, we have a certain conception of the American citizen, a character who is incomplete if he cannot competently access how his livelihood and happiness are affected by things outside of himself.
[参考译文] 我们更应该具有的是作为美国公民的某种观念，这个公民人物如果不能很恰当地认识到自己的生存和幸福是如何受到自身之外的事物的影响， 那么其公民特征就是不完整的。
10. Besides, this is unlikely to produce the needed number of every kind of professional in a country as large as ours and where the economy is spread over so many states and involves so many international corporations.
篇6：浅谈翻译资格口译中如何弥补中英文化差异
经验分享：浅谈翻译资格口译中如何弥补中英文化差异
文化是一种上层建筑，它是建立在一定的经济基础之上的，而且与一个国家、民族的传密不可分。而“跨文化交际”，英语名称是“intercultural communication”或“cross-cultural communication”，它指本族语者与非本族语者之间的交际, 也指任何在语言和文化背景方面有差异的人们之间的交际。由于不同的民族所处的生态、物质、社会及宗教等环境不同, 因而各自的语言环境产生了不同的语言习惯、社会文化、风土人情等等诸语境因素。不同文化背景造成人们说话方式或习惯不尽相同。因此, 在交流中, 人们总喜欢用自己的说话方式来解释对方的话语,这就可能对对方的话语做出不准确的推论, 从而产生冲突和故障①。英国有他自己的社会风俗与礼仪：
一般风俗
跟中国相比，车辆在马路的左边行驶。驾车者会给行人让路，但并不总是这样。大部分人都自觉遵守公共秩序。在火车站或地铁站、公共汽车站、银行、邮局等地方等待服务时要排队。在自动提款机旁，人们会有意识地与正在使用机器的人保持合理的距离。在自动扶梯上，靠右站好让别人通过。提出请求时要说“please”，接受了帮助或服务后要说“thank you”，无论事情多么微不足道。 拜访朋友前要提前通知对方。不速之客会让人讨厌。避免在晚上10点后打电话到别人家。晚上11点后打电话很可能被英国人当作有紧急事件。使用主人家的电话前要征得许可，并且要商量怎样付电话费。在室内吸烟可能不被主人接受。如果你确实想吸烟，先询问主人会被视为礼貌的行为。 在中国的宴会上，客人在最后一道菜吃完后会迅速离开。而在英国文化中，留下来进行社交谈话被视为礼貌的行为。聚会因此可能多延续几个小时。特别要注意的是，如果被邀请去主人家吃饭，一吃完就离开是非常不礼貌的。
餐桌礼仪
安静地吃东西并且吃完自己碟子里的所有事物是礼貌的行为。剩下食物可能意味着客人不喜欢这些食物。把叉放在盘子上，把刀放在它旁边表明你已经吃完了。如果你还在吃，就把刀和叉分开放在碟子上。 英国人喜欢在吃饭的时候聊天。但要同时说话和吃东西是很难的。而在吃东西的时候张大嘴，哪怕是说话，是不礼貌的行为。诀窍是：吃东西和说话交替进行;只往嘴里放少量食物。如果你必须张大嘴，用一只手遮住它。
食物
人们不吃动物的所有部分，如头、足和某些器官。他们如果看到中国人食用每一部分，可能会感到震惊。在英国人的食物中马铃薯替代米饭作为主要的碳水化合物。如果不习惯用餐时吃马铃薯，不要不好意思要米饭。
习惯和爱好
卫生的标准似乎不同。人们不喜欢化学品，却不把碟子上的洗洁精冲干净就用它。“Do It Yourself”(D.I.Y.自己动手)和园艺是许多英国人的爱好，因为在英国人工非常昂贵。如果主人在自己的花园上化了很多工夫，他们很可能会为它感到骄傲。因此，恭维他们的花园是进行进一步谈话的很好的开始。
交友
通常，英国人不喜欢过于亲热，觉得这样肤浅而且不真诚。太多的热情和关注会让他们感到奇怪和不自在。所以和他们建立友谊确实要花些时间。隐私对于英国人来说十分重要。个人问题，或例如婚姻、恋爱关系、财政、健康等话题应当避免，除非对方是很好的朋友。酒吧是英国人喜欢与朋友相聚的社交中心
②这些差异是译员在翻译当中要注意的，如果翻译不当会一些不必要的误会。译员在这当中要担当好桥梁的作用了。下面我们看一些礼宾用语的中英文化差异以及他们的译法：
一、问候
每个国家的问候语都是不同的，比如： 有的中方主人在飞机场迎接外方的客人会说：“欢迎欢迎，一路辛苦了。”我们不能直译为：Welcome. You must be tired all the way? 在英语思维习惯上，是对满脸倦容的人表示关切的话而不是打招呼的问候。按英语习惯可以这样说：You’ve had a long trip. 或Did you have a long flight?
中文还有这样的恭维：“您年纪这么大，身体还是这么健康。”说英语国家没有类似的表达习惯。在他们的文化里，人们忌讳直接说对方年纪大。 不能译成：You are old but still look so healthy.”这样不但没有丝毫关心问候之意，却使别人以为你嫌他老不死。这下可把别人给得罪了。可以这样译：You look great.或You look wonderful.在较熟的朋友之间可以说：Your health is good.
二、称呼
在书面语称呼上，对“Dear Governor……”或“Dear Minister…..”这类身份较高的称呼上，通常不译为“亲爱的省长”、“亲爱的部长”这个Dear习惯用“尊敬的”。
“女士们、先生们、朋友们。”中文听起来很自然，但在英语习惯里，“朋友们”通常方在女士们先生们之前：
Dear friends，
Ladies and gentlemen
三、交际套语
交际套语应该符合习惯用法，才显的自然，得体， 有礼，否则听起来就显得生硬，粗鲁，甚至误解。下面就举一些典型套语的译法：
1，参观或者会谈等场合，常听见中方的人说“请多提宝贵意见。”若直译为：“Please give us your valuable comments。”问题就来了：你的意见应该是valuable 的，不宝贵的意见请免开尊口。正确的译法是：“Please give us your comments。”或“We welcome your comments。
2，“怎么样，今天就谈到这里吧?”生硬、突然的说法：Well，shall we stop here for today?地道的习惯用语：Thank you for….。Shall we call it a day?
3，“今天的菜不好，请多多包涵。” 在英语国家的人看来，这种自谦客套的说法反而显得太牵强附会，况且请客总希望客人吃的好，否则，既然菜不好，为什么还拿来请客?故不宜直译为：Pardon me for the poor foods today。若用餐开始讲这句话，英语应说：Bon appetite，或者Enjoy yourself。若用餐完毕讲这句话，应该说：Hope you’ve enjoyed yourself。
这样才与此情景相吻合。
4，“这是区区薄礼，不成敬意”。这是我们中国人为了表示礼貌客气的一句客套话，有时礼品并非“薄礼”也这么说;而英美人的思维习惯却是：这是专门为你准备的礼品，希望你喜欢。所以这句不妨这样说：This is a gift for your memory。Hope you like it。
5，“你每月挣多少钱?”这恐怕是令人最忌讳的私人问题了，太敏感了。 若非要表打这个意思，应该把问题变为间接问题，不针对个人。若对方是销售经理，可以说：About how much dose a sale manager make a year?
在做口译当中，除了要注意这些差异以外，英语作为一种语言它有着丰富的口语习惯词汇我们不能单凭字面意思去理解。比如：“This evening，if you have time , we can go to the movie together .” “Well, I will play it by ear!” play it by ear—-“用耳朵来弹奏”? 不是!这里的play it by ear 英文原意是： to decide sth. at the moment you need to and not before 因而这里意思可理解为：“今晚如果有空，你可以和我们一块去看电影。”“到时候再说吧!”
有些词不能停留在望文生义上，要挖掘深层意思。例如：英文中就有child wife/husband一说，这个词就不能望文生义理解为“孩子妻子/丈夫”了，它的确切意思应该是“老夫少妻/老妻少夫”。还有这句话：This machine is the last word in technical skill.其中the last word 就不好理解，原意为：最后一句话，最后决定权…但在这里应该是：(同类事物中) 最新形式，最先进品种。因而这句可译成：这台机器是技术方面的新成就。
我们在理解习惯语时，不仅要理解它的字面意思，还要理解它的习惯表达意思。例如：A: “What are we going to have for the lunch? Fish, pork meat, beef steak, or bread?”
B: “You name it!”
这里name字用作动词：命名，指定。中文我们可以整句理解为：“你尽管说吧!”或“你说一个吧!”而不要译成：“你起个名吧!”虽然英文里有这个意思，但中文这样就有一点别扭了。③
丰富的文化背景和相关专业知识会有助于口译员的临场发挥。但是扎实的语言基础才是关键。所以，我们要在平时的学习中不断积累相关的专业知识，加强口译的训练，才能在现场口译中做到游刃有余。
翻译资格考试中级口译考试模拟训练
We are all intimately familiar with at least one language, yet few of us ever stop to consider what we know about it. The words of a language can be listed in a dictionary, but not all the sentences.
Speakers use a finite set of rules to produce and understand an infinite set of sentences. These rules comprise the grammar of a language. It includes the sound system and the way in which sounds and meanings are related.
This linguistic knowledge is, however, different from linguistic behavior. If you woke up one morning and decided to stop talking, you would still have the knowledge of your language.
Language is a tool of communication. But if language is defined merely as a system of communication, then language is not unique to humans. A basic property of human language is its creative aspect.
参考答案
虽然我们人人至少通晓一门语言，但很少有人会静心思考一下对语言了解什么。语言的词汇可以在词典中列出，但并非所有句子都能为词典所收入。
说话者可以运用一组数量有限的规则来表达与理解数量无限的句子。这些规则组成了语言的语法体系。语法包括音系以及语音和语义之间联系的规则。
然而，语言知识有别于语言行为。某天早晨你醒来后决定不说话，你仍然具有你所操语言的知识。
语言是交际的工具。但如果语言的定义仅仅是一种交际系统，那语言便不是人类的专有品。人类语言的一个基本属性是创造性。
翻译资格考试中级口译考试模拟训练
今天，我很高兴能有机会同青年朋友见面，讲几句话。青年是国家和民族的未来，也是维护世界和平与发展的主力军。
青年富于朝气和活力。他们积极向上，对新鲜事物充满了好奇，强力的求知欲促使他们了解世界。
各国青年如能有足够的交流途径来促进互相理解，那么世界的和平与发展就有了充分的保证。
我希望在座来自世界各地的青年朋友，能畅所俗言，传递经验，把世界青年团结友爱的事业推向前进。
参考答案
Today, I’m glad to have the opportunity to meet our young friends and say a few words. Youth are the future of a country and nation, and the major force in promoting world peace and development as well.
Youth are full of vigor and vitality. They are active, aspirant and curious about the new things. Their strong desire for knowledge pushes them to learn what is going on in the world / about the world.
If the youth of all countries have enough exchange channels to promote mutual understanding, world peace and development will be ensured.
I hope that all the young friends from different parts of the world presents (today) can share /exchange their views freely, pass on their pass on their experience so as to promote the cause of unity and friendship among youth in the world.
翻译资格考试中级口译考试模拟训练
我们必须尊重劳力、尊重知识、尊重人才、尊重创造，这是党和国家的一项重大方针。
一切为社会主义现代化建设作出贡献的劳动，都是光荣的，都应该得到承认和尊重。
海内外投资者在我国建设中的创业活动都应该受到鼓励。一切合法的劳动收入和非劳动收入，都应该得到保护。
我们要保护发达地区的发展活力，更要高度重视和关心欠发达地区以及比较困难的行业和群众，积极帮助他们解决各类问题。
参考答案
We must respect work, knowledge, competent people and creation. This is an important policy of the Party and state.
All work that contributes to the construction / promotion / development of socialists modernization is glorious and should be acknowledged and respected.
All investors at home and from overseas should be encouraged to carry out business activities in China’s development. All legitimate income, from work or not (from work), should be protected.
We should protect the vitality for further growth / development of the developed regions. More importantly, we must pay great(er) attention to and show concern for less developed areas and industries and people in (comparatively) straitened circumstance . We must (take effective measures to) help them solve their problems.
篇7：翻译资格初级口译的模拟试题
关于翻译资格初级口译的模拟试题
A new era is upon us. Call it what you will： the service economy， the information age， the knowledge society. It all translates to ① a fundamental change in the way we work. The percentage of people who earn their living by making things has fallen dramatically. Today the majority of jobs are in the service industry， and the number is on the rise.
More women are in the work force than ever before. There are more part- time jobs. More people are self-employed. Above all， the economic transformation is giving rise to② a radical~ new way of thinking about the nature of work itself. Long-held notions about jobs and careers， the skills needed to succeed， even the relation between individuals and employers——all these are being challenged.
难点提示：
①转变为，转化为
②引起，导致
③根本的，彻底的
参考译文：
一个新时代降临在我们身上。随你怎么称呼它：叫它服务型经济、信息时代，或者知识社会都行。它都反映在我们工作方式的根本改变上。靠生产物品谋生的人的比例大幅度下降。今天，大多数的人们都从事服务性行业的工作，而且人数呈上升趋势。
劳动力中妇女的`人数比以往任何时候都多。有更多兼职的工作。更多的人成为个体劳动者。最重要的是，经济的转变带来了对于工作本身的一种全新认识。工作和事业，成功所必需具备的技能，甚至就连个人与雇主的关系——长期以来对所有这些问题所持的看法都受到了挑战。
篇8：高级翻译资格口译指导：数字记录方法
和一个国家一样，任何国际组织都需要与时俱进，WTO也不例外。多哈回合久拖不决，十多年来，发达成员数千亿美元的农业补贴没有一丝一毫的削减;电子商务等新兴业态在全球市场上风生水起，WTO却未能提供任何国际规范;更严重的是，面对今天甚嚣尘上的单边主义、保护主义狂潮，WTO难以进行有效地制约。
A country needs to keep up with the new developments, and so are the international organizations. WTO is no exception. The Doha Round has been dragging on for years. Over the past decade, the hundreds of millions of dollars in agricultural subsidies in the developed members have remained largely unchanged. But at the same time, new forms of business, such as e-commerce, have flourished across the world. WTO is not providing international norms to address any of these issues. What is even more alarming is that the organization seems to be losing effectiveness to rein in the rampage of unilateralism and protectionism.
因此，WTO需要改革、必须改革。同时，改革必须坚持正确的方向，采取恰当的方式。
For all these reasons, WTO needs a reform. But the reform should be in the right direction and taking the right approach.
第一，改革必须坚持反对保护主义、单边主义的方向，必须有助于推进世界范围的贸易自由化、投资便利化进程，必须坚持非歧视的原则，必须充分发扬民主。改革不是另起炉灶，对已经制定的规则，大家都要遵守;如有人破坏，应群起反对之。
First, the reform needs to be firmly set in the course of fighting against unilateralism and protectionism. It has to push for worldwide trade liberalization and investment facilitation. It has to stick to the principle of non-discrimination and adopt a democratic approach. Reform is not to reinvent the wheel. The existing rules must be fully respected and faithfully implemented. Reform is not an excuse for not implementing the rules, and any such attempt should be met with resistance from the members.
新的商业领域需要新规则，也应允许部分成员，也许可从志同道合的成员开始进行探索，但要充分听取和考虑广大发展中国家的意见和需求，最终形成多边规则。
With respect to making new rules for new forms of business activities, we should allow members, maybe starting with groups of like-minded ones, to explore these issues, but we also need to duly consider the views and needs of the developing members and fully consult with them. Only through an inclusive process, can we maybe eventually reach multilateral outcomes.
第二，改革需要有优先顺序，循序渐进，不能好高骛远。通过成员间的协商和谈判，如果能够尽快恢复WTO争端解决机制的正常运转，如果能够在如期达成渔业补贴协议，如果能在电子商务、投资便利化、中小微企业等议题的讨论上有所进展，如果能够在透明度等问题上也做出一些改善，对于将于举行的第12届WTO贸易部长会议来说，已是功莫大焉。在上述领域的改革中，中国愿意发挥积极的、建设性的作用，并做出与自身能力相称的贡献。
Second, we need to prioritize and take a step-by-step approach, and stay away from moonshot targets. If, through consultations and negotiations among the members, we could expeditiously restore the proper functioning of the dispute settlement mechanism, achieve an agreement on fishery subsidies in as we planned, make progress on the new topics such as e-commerce, investment facilitation and MSMEs, make improvements in terms of transparency. If we can achieve these targets at the MC12 in , I think we can already call it a success. China is willing to play a proactive and constructive role, and to make contributions within its capacities.
有人把WTO比喻成为一个患了严重疾病的人，如果是这样的话，做出正确诊断比匆忙开出药方更重要。今天的讨论可以算是一次医生的集体会诊，类似的会诊也许会以不同的方式进行多次，直到我们确认真正的病源是什么，然后再对症下药。
People sometimes say that the WTO is a patient in a critical state with multiple failing organs. If that is the case, urgently resorting the functioning of the organs and making the right diagnostics of the illness is more important that rushing to give prescriptions. Today’s discussion might be a group consultation of doctors to identify what is the cause of the illness and work on a plan for proper treatment. We might have many such group consultations in different formats so that we can have the right understanding of the issues and provide the right solutions.
我们每个人都知道WTO的危机来自何方。任何一个国家或者个人对WTO的态度，都只是WTO改革的背景，而不是改革的原因。当然我们必须要做最坏的打算，但我不想针对假设性的问题花费过多的时间。我只想说，我们会在自己的能力和职责范围内，努力推动正确的WTO改革。
We all know where the crisis of WTO comes from, but whatever a particular country or a particular individual thinks about the WTO, it can only serve as the context rather than the reason for the reform of the WTO. Of course, we have to prepare for the worst, but I don’t want to spend too much time on hypothetical scenarios. I just want to say that we will, within our capacities and responsibilities, work hard to push for the right reform of the WTO.
题目来源： 中国常驻世界贸易组织代表团张向晨大使在法国经济财政部、外交部组织的研讨会午餐时的发言
篇9：翻译资格口译考试常见错误及避免错误技巧
翻译资格口译考试常见错误及避免错误技巧
口译考试中存在的问题
1、英语听力水平一般，不能准确的理解英文原文的意思。
2、笔记记不全，导致大量的信息遗漏;
3、数字翻译不准确，在数字表述拿不准浪费时间;
4、语言表达拖沓重复，不能用简洁的语句表达;
5、汉译英部分对中国特色的术语没有掌握，根据自己的理解瞎编专用术语的表达;
6、语音、语调有问题，部分地区考生发音不准确，口音太重
7、很多考生不理解口译的特点，没有经过专业的口译培训和练习，要么使用笔译方法做口译，用长句、从句较多;要么过于口语化，句子结构不严谨，语法错误太多。
8、心理素质差，在考试中经常出现一些考生失态的情况，在开始翻译之前大口的喘气、咳嗽、清嗓子等等，太多的杂音干扰了翻译的连贯和美感;翻译中间出现一个错误，就放弃后面的翻译;刚开始翻译过于急躁，出现错误又不断的重复。
分析了考试中常见的问题之后，同学们又纷纷提出自己的问题，例如CATTI考试的通过率、人名地名的翻译、如何使用附注等等，
1、CATTI不设置通过率，目前口笔译的综合能力通过率很高，但是实务这一科通过率比较低，三级口译平均通过率大约在16%-17%，三级笔译大约30%，二级考试通过率稍微低一些。地区差异也较大，相对来说北京地区的通过率稍微高一些。
2、在笔译中不能出现过多的实质性错误，否则可能会被“一票否决”，一般阅卷组老师对实质性的错误容忍度比较低。
3、拿不准的信息，不要随意的添加附注，不可以根据自己的想象使用括号附注信息;原文中存在的信息，无法合理地放到译文句子里面的，可以适当的使用括号附注。
4、姓名、地名，要参照官方的译法，不要自己编。实在找不到可以使用“音译(原文)”的格式。
5、英译汉不要照搬词典字字直译，要在理解原文的基础上，使用符合汉语表达习惯的句子表达，不要出现翻译体。
6、口译答题的时候，一般都有足够的时间，答题提示音响后，不要急着答题，最好等待2-3秒再开始;有的同学说到一半，忽然说：“前面说的不算”、“刚才是第一种翻译”等等都是不可取的，口译考试录音是不可逆的，即便修改了阅卷老师也会以最差的那一次为标准评分。
翻译资格考试口译初级模拟试题及答案
The latest analysis of the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences shows that the introduction of foreign capital has produced a tremendous influence on Shanghai’s development and the livelihood of its citizens. It predicts that Shanghai will witness an upsurge in direct investment from the world’s major economic powers from . The rapid development over the past few years has made many believe that Shanghai is a sound port for international capital.
Statistics of the People’s Bank of China Shanghai Branch showed that， by the end of ， the number of overseas financial institutions in Shanghai had reached 65， of which 54 were foreign banks. The total assets， savings deposits and loan balance of foreign banks in Shanghai account for more than half of the total of foreign banks in China. So far， 8 of the world’s top 50 banks have set up branches in Shanghai
参考译文
难点提示：
① the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences
② total asset
③loan balance
上海社会科学院①的一项最新分析表明，外资的加入对上海的发展和上海市民的生活产生了巨大影响。这项分析预测，从起，世界主要经济强国在上海的直接投资将急剧上升。过去几年来突飞猛进的发展形势使很多人相信上海是国际投资可靠的港口。
中国人民银行上海分行的统据数据表明，到年底，上海的海外金融机构达到65家，其中54家是外国银行。上海的外国银行的总资产②、储蓄存款和贷款平衡差额③占中国所有外国银行总和的一半以上。到目前为止，世界排名前50位的银行中有八家已经在上海建立了分行。
翻译资格考试口译初级模拟试题及答案
A new era is upon us. Call it what you will： the service economy， the information age， the knowledge society. It all translates to ① a fundamental change in the way we work. The percentage of people who earn their living by making things has fallen dramatically. Today the majority of jobs are in the service industry， and the number is on the rise.
More women are in the work force than ever before. There are more part- time jobs. More people are self-employed. Above all， the economic transformation is giving rise to② a radical~ new way of thinking about the nature of work itself. Long-held notions about jobs and careers， the skills needed to succeed， even the relation between individuals and employers——all these are being challenged.
难点提示：
①转变为，转化为
②引起，导致
③根本的，彻底的
参考译文：
一个新时代降临在我们身上。随你怎么称呼它：叫它服务型经济、信息时代，或者知识社会都行。它都反映在我们工作方式的根本改变上。靠生产物品谋生的人的比例大幅度下降。今天，大多数的人们都从事服务性行业的工作，而且人数呈上升趋势。
劳动力中妇女的人数比以往任何时候都多。有更多兼职的工作。更多的人成为个体劳动者。最重要的是，经济的转变带来了对于工作本身的一种全新认识。工作和事业，成功所必
翻译资格考试口译初级模拟试题及答案
The economic restructuring is conducive to the development of the poor areas. At this time when there is an increasingly fierce competition in both domestic and foreign markets， China is devoting major efforts to adjusting and optimizing its industrial structure. The developed regions， on the one hand， have quickened the pace of upgrading their industries and energetically developing capital- and technology-intensive industries. On the other hand， in order to improve the competitiveness of their industries， they are transferring some labor- intensive industries to the less-developed areas.
The poor areas， mostly situated in the central and western parts of China， have relatively rich resources and cheap labor. It is fully possible for the western region to import capital and technology， and accept transferred industries， so as to improve the position of poor areas in the division of regional industries and quicken the change of local industrial structure and economic development.
参考译文
经济结构调整①有助于贫困地区的发展。在国内外市场竞争日趋激烈的情况下，中国正在大力调整和优化②产业结构。发达地区一方面加快产业升级，大力发展资本技术密集型③产业。另一方面，为了提高产业竞争力，还将一些劳动密集型产业项目向不够发达地区转移。
中国的贫困地区大多地处中西部，资源相当丰富，劳动力成本低。西部地区完全有可能引进资本和技术，接受外来产业转移，提高贫困地区在区域产业分工中的地位，从而加快本地区的产业结构转换和经济发展。
难点提示
①economic restructuring
②optimize
③capital- and technology-intensive
篇10：高级翻译资格口译指导：数字记录方法
“一带一路”倡议提出以来，许多国家都将其视为和中国合作的机会和平台。但是也有批评认为，中国的“一带一路”所提供的的贷款，加大了例如斯里兰卡等国的债务，使他们无力偿还。 但是一带一路倡议实施仅仅五年，中国是国际投融资市场的后来者。中国公司走出去，在国外投资也有限。
Many countries see the BRI as an opportunity and a platform for closer cooperation with China. One criticism that people have raised is the idea of debt. The idea that many of the loans or the investments involved loans from China to the countries like Sri Lanka may make them take on too much debt and they won't be able to fund them. China is a latecomer in international investment and financing markets. It's just been five years since the BRI was put forward. And it hasn't been that many years since Chinese companies started to explore the global market.
根据斯里兰卡中央银行的统计数据，2017年中国的贷款仅占斯里兰卡外债的10%左右，其中 60%是低于国际市场利率的优惠贷款。因此，很明显，斯里兰卡外债负担，并不是中国的责任。实际上债务有很多因素构成，包括一个国家的历史旧账、国际经济环境的变化，包括储备货币上涨、其他国家利率上调、大宗商品价格的下降等。
According to the 2017 annual report issued by its central bank, Sri Lanka's total foreign debt is over US$50 billion. China only accounts for about 10%. Plus, over 60% of Chinese loans are concessional loans, with an interest rate much lower than the international level. The cause for debt is complicated and involves many factors, including economic fundamentals, historical debt baggage, or changing international and economic environment like rising protectionism, interest rates hike in some advanced economies, appreciation of major reserve currencies as well as plummeting commodity prices.
斯里兰卡的港口建设，实际上是斯里兰卡邀请中方进行的。斯里兰卡一直希望打造全球性的物流和仓储中心，但是因为内乱和战争， 始终没有如愿。如今斯里兰卡局势稳定，因此希望中国参与建设。一开始中国企业不了解当地局势，也有很多犹豫，最后经过大量研究、探讨，双方终于达成共识，组建合资企业，股权共有。 但是我要强调的是，港口的主权和所有权都属于斯里兰卡，建设完成后，如果斯里兰卡觉得有必要，可以购回股权。
About the Hambantota port, the project was built and run at the request of the Sri Lankan side. For years, Sri Lanka had hoped to make good use of its geographical location and build the country into a logistic and warehouse hub in the Indian ocean. In the past, because of civil war and conflict, they were unable to do so. Now the situation is stable, to build an international port is back on their agenda. And they looked for help from China. The idea of the operation right also came from the Sri Lankan side. The Chinese company was hesitant at first because they were not familiar with such situation. After careful studies and rounds of consultation and negotiation, the Chinese company overcame difficulties and reached agreement with the Sri Lankan side to set up two joint ventures, and had acquired corresponding stakes. I want to stress that the sovereignty over and ownership of the Hambantota port belong to Sri Lanka throughout the process. When it is done, if it so needs, Sri Lanka can repurchase part of or all stakes from the Chinese company until it takes it all back.
也有人将“一带一路”与马歇尔计划相比较。“一带一路”与马歇尔计划有相似之处，它们都是在和平时期促进基础设施发展的倡议。但是“一带一路”与马歇尔计划存在本质区别。首先一带一路”比“马歇尔计划”既古老得多，又年轻得多。说古老，是因为“一带一路”传承着具有两千多年历史的古代丝绸之路精神，是古代丝绸之路精神的现代版本。说年轻，是因为“一带一路”诞生于全球化时代，是开放合作的产物，不是地缘政治的工具，不同于马歇尔计划，因为它诞生于冷战期间，是美苏争霸的产物。其次，“一带一路”重在强调不同国家间的相互交流和互联互通。
Some compare the Belt and Road Initiative to the Marshall plan. It may appear that the two initiatives have something in common, as they are both about investment in infrastructure in peacetime. But other than that, they cannot be more different. First, time-line wise, the Belt and Road Initiative ( BRI ) is older and also younger than the Marshall Plan. Older because it draws inspiration from the spirit of the ancient Silk Road with over 2000 years of history, hence the modern version of the Silk Road. It is younger than the Marshall plan, because it was conceived in the 21st century, an era of globalization, and born out of opening-up and cooperation. Secondly, the Marshall Plan was introduced during the Cold War dominated by rivalry between the United States and the former Soviet Union. Therefore it had clear geopolitical and ideological goals. The BRI, on the other hand, focuses on economic cooperation and connectivity.
题目来源：2018年9月10日外交部副部长乐玉成接受英国《金融时报》亚洲版总编吉密欧专访就“一带一路”倡议有关问题阐述了中方政策立场
翻译考试一级口译实务汉译英真题及参考答案
【翻译资格口译的分类和特点】相关文章：
1.口译翻译
3.翻译考试口译试题
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