初中英语语法：连词and和or的用法和区别
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篇1：初中英语语法：连词and和or的用法和区别
初中英语语法：连词and和or的用法和区别
1. 并列结构中，and用于肯定句，or通常用于否定句表示“和，与”之意。
There are some students and teachers on the playground.
There is no air or water in the moon.
---I don’t like chicken ___ fish.
---I don’t like chicken, ___ I like fish very much.
A. and; and B. and; but
C. or; but D. or;and
答案C。否定句中表并列用or, but 表转折。
2. or用在选择疑问句中，意为“或者，还是”。例如：
Is he a doctor or a teacher?
他是医生还是教师?
Did you do your homework or watch TV last night?
你昨晚做作业还是看电视了?
Are they singing or reading English?
他们是在唱歌还是在读英语?
3. or在句型“祈使句+or+陈述句”中，表示在以祈使句为条件下的相反假设，or意为“否则，要不然”。例如：
Work hard,or you will fall behind.
你要努力学习，否则会落后。
I must work hard, or I'll fail in the exam.
我要努力学习，否则考试要不及格了。
4. either…or 意思为“或者……或者……”。注意谓语动词的主谓一致采用就近原则。例如：
Either you or I am right.
不是你对，就是我对。
5. or在“either…or…”结构中，意为“要么……要么……”。连结的并列成份可在句中作主语、表语、谓语、宾语等。例如：
Either she or I am right.
不是她对就是我对。(连接主语)
The shoes in the shop were either too big or too small for me.
店里的鞋对我来说不是太大就是太小(连接表语)
He either does his homework or watches TV on Sundays.
他星期天要么做作业，要么看电视。(连接谓语)
We play either football or basketball in the afternoon.
下午我们不是踢足球就是打篮球。(连接宾语)
6. or表示不确切、模糊的陈述。例如：
This story happened five or six years ago.
这个故事发生在四、五年前。
Is the street straight? More or less.
这棵树直吗?差不多。
She will find that she was wrong sooner or later.
她迟早会发现她是错的
篇2：初中英语语法连词
初中英语语法-连词
一、概说
连词是一种虚词，用于连接单词、短语、从句或句子，在句子中不单独用作句子成分。连词按其性质可分为并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用于连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子，如and, but, or, for等;从属连词主要引出名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等)和状语从句(时间状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句等)，引出名词性从句的连词如that,whether等，引出状语从句的连词如when, because,since, if 等。
二、并列连词的用法
1. 表示转折关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有 but, yet 等。
Someone borrowed my pen, but I don't remember who.
有人借了我的钢笔，但我不记得是谁了。
He said he was our friend, yet he wouldn't help us.
他说他是我们的朋友，但却不肯帮助我们。
2. 表示因果关系的并列连词。
这类连词主要有 for, so 等。
The child had a bad cough, so his mother took him to the doctor.
这孩子咳得很利害，所以他妈妈带他去看医生。
You are supposed to get rid of carelessness, for it often leads to serious errors.
你们一定要克服粗枝大叶，因为粗枝大叶常常引起严重的错误。
注意：for表示结果通常不能放句首，也不能单独使用。
3. 表示并列关系的并列连词。
这类连词主要有 and , or , either…or , neither…nor , not only…but (also) ,both…and , as well as 等。
He didn't go and she didn't go either.
他没去，她也没去。
The weather is mild today; it is neither hot nor cold.
今天天气很温暖，不冷也不热。
Both New York and London have traffic problems.
纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。
It is important for you as well as for me.
这对你和对我都很重要。
People who are either under age or over age may not join the army.
年龄不到或者超龄的人都不得参军。
三、从属连词的用法
1. 引导时间状语从句的从属连词
(1) 表示“当…时候”或“每当”的时间连词。主要的 when,while, as, whenever。
如：
Don't talk while you're eating.
吃饭时不要说话。
Vegetables are best when they are fresh.
蔬菜新鲜时最好吃。
He came just as I was leaving.
我正要走时他来了。
(2) 表示“在……之前(或之后)”的时间连词。主要的有before, after。
Try to finish your work before you leave.
离开前设法把工作做完。
After we have finished tea, we will sit on the grass.
喝完茶之后我们将坐在草地上。
(3) 表示“自从”或“直到”的时间连词。主要的有since, until, till。
She's been playing tennis since she was eight.
她从八岁起就打网球了。
Hold on until I fetch help.
坚持一下，等我找人来帮忙。
Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you.
(谚)不要无事惹事。
(4) 表示“一……就”的时间连词。主要的有as soon as, the moment, the minute, thesecond, theinstant, immediately, directly, instantly, once, no sooner…than,hardly…when等。
I'll let you know as soon as I hear from her.
我一接她的信就通知你。
The moment I have finished I'll give you a call.
我一干完就给你打电话。
I came immediately I heard the news.
我一听到这个消息，马上就来了。
Once you begin you must continue.
你一旦开始, 便不可停下来。
(5) 表示“上次”、“下次”、“每次”等的时间连词。主要的有every time(每次)，eachtime(每次)，(the) nexttime(下次)，any time(随时)，(the) last time(上次)，the firsttime(第一次)。I'll tell him about it (the) next time I see him.
我下一次见到他时，我就把这个情况告诉他。
We lose a few skin cells every time we wash our hands.
每当我们洗手的时候，我们都要损失一些皮肤细胞。
You can call me any time you want to.
你随时都可以给我打电话。
注意：every time, each time, any time前不用冠词，(the) next time, (the) last time中的冠词可以省略，而the first time中的冠词通常不能省略。
2. 引导条件状语从句的从属连词。
这类连词主要有if,unless, as [so] long as, in case 等。Do you mind if I open the window?
我开窗你不介意吧?
Don't come unless I telephone.
除非我打电话，否则你别来。
As long as you're happy, it doesn't matter what youdo.
只要你高兴，你做什么都没关系。
In case it rains they will stay at home.
万一下雨，他们就呆在家里。
注意：在条件状语从句中，通常要用一般现在时表示将来意义，而不能直接使用将来时态。不过，有时表示条件的 if之后可能用 will，但那不是将来时态, 而是表示意愿或委婉的请求(will为情态动词)。
If you will sit down for a few moments, I'll tell the manager you're here
请稍坐, 我这就通知经理说您来了。
3. 引导目的状语从句的从属连词。
主要的有 in order that, so that, in case, for fear等。
He raised his voice so that everyone could hear.
他提高了嗓音，以便每个人都能听见。
Take your umbrella (just) in case it rains.
带上雨伞，以防下雨。
She repeated the instructions slowly in order that he should understand.
她把那些指示慢慢重复了一遍好让他听明白。
4. 引导结果状语从句的从属连词。
主要的有so that, so…that, such…that等。
I went to the lecture early so that I got a good seat.
我去听演讲去得很早, 所以找个好座位。
I had so many falls that I was black and blue all over.
我摔了许多跤，以致于全身都是青一块紫一块的。
He shut the window with such force that the glass broke.
他关窗子用力很大, 结果玻璃震破了。
5. 引导原因状语从句的从属连词。
主要的有because, as, since, seeing (that), now (that), considering(that) 等。
He distrusted me because I was new.
他不信任我，因为我是新来的。
As you are sorry, I'll forgive you.
既然你悔悟了，我就原谅你。
Since we've no money, we can't buy it.
由于我们没钱，我们无法购买它。
Seeing that he's ill he's unlikely to come.
因为他病了，他大概不会来了。
Now that she has apologized, I am content.
既然她已经道了歉, 我也就满意了。
6. 引导让步状语从句的从属连词。
主要的有although,though, even though, even if, while, however,whatever,whoever, whenever, wherever等。
Although they are twins, they look entirely different.
他们虽是孪生, 但是相貌却完全不同。
I like her even though she can be annoying.
尽管她有时很恼人, 但我还是喜欢她。
You won't move that stone, however strong you are.
不管你力气多大, 也休想搬动那块石头。
Whatever we have achieved, we owe to your support.
我们取得的一切成就都归功于你们的支持。
Whoever you are, you can't pass this way.
不管你是谁，你都不能从这里通过。
Whenever I see him I speak to him.
每当我见到他，我都和他讲话。
7. 引导方式状语从句的从属连词。
主要的有as, as if, as though, the way等。
Why didn't you catch the last bus as I told you to?
你怎么不听我的话赶乘末班公共汽车呢?
He bent the iron bar as if it had been made of rubber.
他将铁棍折弯，仿佛那是用橡皮做成的。
Nobody else loves you the way(=as) I do.
没有人像我这样爱你。
8. 引导地点状语从句的从属连词。
主要的有where, wherever, everywhere, anywhere等。
The church was built where there had once been a Roman temple.
这座教堂盖在一座罗马寺庙的旧址。
I'll take you anywhere you like.
你想到哪儿我就带你到哪儿。
Everywhere I go, I find the same thing.
不管我走到哪里，我都发现同样情况。
9. 引导比较状语从句的从属连词。
主要的有than和as…as。
She was now happier than she had ever been.
现在她比过去任何时候都快活。
I glanced at my watch. It was earlier than I thought.
我看了看表，时间比我想像的早。
He doesn't work as hard as she does.
他工作不像她那样努力。
10. 引起名词从句的从属连词。
主要有that, whether, if 等，它们用于引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。其中that 不仅没不充当句子成分，而且没有词义，在句子中只起连接作用;而 if,whether 虽不充当句子成分，但有词义，即表示“是否”。
He replied that he was going by train.
他回答说他将坐火车去。
I wonder if it's large enough.
我不知道它是否够大。
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.
我为是否伤了她的感情而担心。
篇3：英语语法从属连词用法
引导时间状语从句的从属连词
(1) 表示“当…时候”或“每当”的时间连词。主要的 when, while, as, whenever。如：
Don’t talk while you’re eating. 吃饭时不要说话。
Vegetables are best when they are fresh. 蔬菜新鲜时最好吃。
He came just as I was leaving. 我正要走时他来了。
(2) 表示“在…之前(或之后)”的时间连词。主要的有before, after。如：
Try to finish your work before you leave. 离开前设法把工作做完。
After we have finished tea, we will sit on the grass. 喝完茶之后我们将坐在草地上。
(3) 表示“自从”或“直到”的时间连词。主要的有since, until, till。如：
She’s been playing tennis since she was eight. 她从八岁起就打网球了。
Hold on until I fetch help. 坚持一下，等我找人来帮忙。
Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you. (谚)不要无事惹事。(from www.hxen.com)
(4) 表示“一…就”的时间连词。主要的有as soon as, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, once, no sooner…than, hardly…when等。如：
I’ll let you know as soon as I hear from her. 我一接她的信就通知你。
The moment I have finished I’ll give you a call. 我一干完就给你打电话。
I came immediately I heard the news. 我一听到这个消息，马上就来了。
Once you begin you must continue. 你一旦开始, 便不可停下来。
(5) 表示“上次”、“下次”、“每次”等的时间连词。主要的有every time(每次)，each time(每次)，(the) next time(下次)，any time(随时)，(the) last time(上次)，the first time(第一次)。如：
I’ll tell him about it (the) next time I see him. 我下一次见到他时，我就把这个情况告诉他。
We lose a few skin cells every time we wash our hands. 每当我们洗手的时候，我们都要损失一些皮肤细胞。
You can call me any time you want to. 你随时都可以给我打电话。
注意：every time, each time, any time前不用冠词，(the) next time, (the) last time中的冠词可以省略，而the first time中的冠词通常不能省略。
篇4：英语语法：连词的用法和从属连词
连词：连接单词与单词、词组与词组、句子与句子、从句与主句的词叫连词。
连词也是虚词，不能独立作句子成分。
连词分为并列连词和从属连词两种，并列连词用于连接两个或者两个以上并排列举的单词、词组或者句子，从属连词用于连接从句和主句。
1.连接状语的连词最多
表时间：
before, after, when
as, while, since
till, until, as soon as
And before that? Before that, not even the sun, our good old sun,our good old sun, was there.
那么在那以前呢?在那以前，甚至太阳，我们可爱又古老的太阳也不存在。
Nike didn’twait until dinnertime until they sent out a press release saying they were suspending the relationship.
耐克在晚餐前便发布新闻稿表示将暂停和莎拉波娃的合同。
表条件：
if, if only(只要)
only if(只有),as long as(只要)
on condition that, provided (that)
We might cook this little mouse, if only we had some stuffing!
我们只要有一些填料，就可以煮了这个小老鼠。
You may keep the book a further week provided that no one else requires it.
倘若这本书没有其他人想借的话，你可以续借一个星期。
表让步：
though, although
even if, even though
though the buyer ended up stiffing him for half of that.
但是最后买家只给了一半的钱。
No fans will be permitted into the game even ifthey bought tickets.
即使买了门票，粉丝们也不能进去。
其他：
whether, than, lest(生怕)
unless(除非)，because
as if, as though(好像)
so that, where, wherever
I shall look as if I were suffering. I shall look a little as if I were dying.
我将会像是很痛苦的样子……我有点像要死去似的。
He said it’s as if the crew played a computer game.
他表示这就好像是车载人员在玩一款电脑游戏。
2.连接主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句的连词
纯连词：
that, whether, if(注：if不能用于主语从句)
It is surprised for me that my father has much money.
使我惊讶的是，我爸有许多钱。
连接副词：
when, where, how, why
Work hard when youare at work and have a good rest when you are free.
工作时努力工作，休息时好好休息。
That is why Ican’t catch the train.
那就是我没有赶上这班火车的原因。
连接代词：
what, which, who, whose
What will matter is not what you learned, butwhat you taught.
重要的不是你所学的而是你所授的。
It is superpower-in-waiting whose people vote,whose society is raucous, and whose firms are red-blooded and striding onto the world stage.
印度正在成长为一个超级大国，民众拥有选举权、社会充满活力、商业蓬勃发展大步登上世界舞台。
3.从属连语的用法
连接状语从句的连词只起连接主句与从句的作用，在从句中不充当句子成分：
When he comes back, tell him to call me.
在他回来时，叫他打电话给我。
Nobody will feel pleased if you try to please everyone.
如果你想讨好每一个人，一个也讨好不了。
The students started their preparation one month in advance so that they could pass the test easily.
学生们提前一个月进行准备，以便能轻松过关。
She talked asif she were still a child.
她说话的样子好像还是个小孩。
连接主语、表语、宾语从句的连词(除that, if, whether外)有两重作用：既连接主句与从句，标志从句的开始，又在从句中充当一个句子成分。
Who did it is still not known.
谁干的还不知道。
(who既连接主句和主语从句，又在主语从句叫充当主语)
That is what they told me.
那是他们告诉你的话。
(what既连接主句和表语从句，又在从句叫当told的宾语)
说明：
1.that, if, whether是纯连词，只起连接作用，不能在从句中充当句子成分。
2.连接主语、表语、宾语从句的连词(除that,if, whether外)往往含有两个(以上)单词的意思和作用，相当于“先行词+关系词”：
What she gave me is a secret.
她给我的东西是个秘密。
(what=the thing which)
That is why we get along with well.
那就是我们相处很好的原因。
(why=the reason why)
I know where he was born.
我知道他在哪里出生的。
(where=the place where，但由于where比the place where简单清爽，人们便喜欢用where)
注意：
中国学生常常只会用一些状语从句和宾语从句，不会用主语从句、表语从句和定语从句。所以，需要自觉地专门集中造几十个带有主语多句、表语从句和定语从句的句子，以此强化印象，培养习惯。
篇5：中考英语语法:中考英语连词用法练习题
《中考英语连词用法专练》由出国留学编辑精心为您学习英语准备。如有任何问题请联系我们。
中考英语连词用法专练
1. ―Oh, I failed again
―Don’t lose heart. One more effort, ________ you will succeed.
A. so that B. therefore C. however D. and
2. ________ a difficult situation, so you should send him a message and give him some advice.
A. As he is in B. He is in C. Being in D. He being in
3. She said she would work it out herself, ________ ask me for help.
A. and not to B. but not C. and prefer not D. rather than
4. ________ enough time, but I couldn’t do it better.
A. I was given B. Given C. To be given D. Though I was given
5. ―How can I wake up so early?
―Set the alarm at 5 o’clock, ________ you’ll make it.
A. but B. or C. and D. so
6. For a person with reading habits, a printed page contains not only words ________ ideas, thoughts and feelings.
A. yet B. and C. or D. but
7. Information technology is taught in most schools, ________ we have entered the information society.
A. so B. while C. still D. for
8. English is understood all over the world ________ Turkey is spoken by only a few people outside Turkey itself.
A. while B. when C. if D. as
9. I was on the point of going to bed ________ Mr. Zhang rang.
A. as B. when C. while D. and
10. I asked him whether he had done all the work himself ________ whether he had had any assistance.
A. and B. but C. nor D. or
11. In some countries, ________ are called public schools are not owned by the public.
A. which B. as C. what D. that
12. ________ happens in the world makes us happy and sad by turns.
A. That B. What C. Which D. Whether
13. I read about this story in some book or other, does it matter ________ it was?
A. where B. what C. how D. which
14. One of the men present held the view ________ the book said was right.
A. what that B. what C. that D. that what
15. ________ I had walked for six hours, I was tired out.
A. After B. Before C. When D. As
16. Tom make up his mind to get a seat for the football match ________ it means standing in a queue all night.
A. as if B. as though C. even if D. whatever
17. The roof fell ________ he had time to dash into the house to save his baby.
A. as B. after C. until D. before
18. Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true ________ it comes to classroom tests.
A. as B. since C. when D. after
19. I have been keeping that photo ________ I can see it every day, as it always reminds me of my college days.
A. which B. where C. whether D. when
20. You may borrow this book ________ you promise to give it back.
A. in case B. so long as C. as if D. even if
21. ________ the man grew older, he lost interest in everything except gardening.
A. With B. Since C. While D. As
22. ________ you understand this rule, you’ll have no further difficulty.
A. Once B. Unless C. As D. Until
23. I had no sooner got back to the kitchen ________ the door-bell rang loud enough to wake the dead.
A. when B. than C. as D. while
24. I criticized him, you know, not ________ I hate him but ________ I love him.
A. because; because B. because; for C. for; because D. for; for
25. ________ he studies hard, he will never pass the examination.
A. If B. Unless C. Even if D. Even though
26. She worked hard ________ everything would be ready by the time he came back.
A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless
27. He waited ________ the volcano became quiet and he was able to return two days later.
A. when B. before C. as D. until
28. ―May I go and play football with Dick this afternoon, Dad?
―No, you can’t go out ________ your work is being done.
A. before B. until C. as D. after
29. A warning news report from Qatar announces that a group of Islam will continue to kill Americans wherever they are ________ they leave the Arab world forever.
A. even though B. in case C. whenever D. until
30. I was so familiar with her that I recognized her voice ________ I picked up the phone.
A. the moment B. after C. before D. while
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篇6：中考指导：初中英语语法之连词
连词包括：and，or，but，so，for，both…and，either…or，neither…nor，not only…but also。
从属连词用来引导从句，它包括： that， when， till， until， after， before， since，because，if，whether，though，although，so…that，so that，in order that，as soon as
并列连词用来连接具有并列关系的词，短语或句子。常见的并列连词有：
(1)表并列关系的and, both…and, not only…but also, neither…nor等。
(2)表选择关系的or, either…or等。
(3)表转折关系的but, while等。
(4)表因果关系的for, so等。
1并列连词
1 and：和，并且
I like basketball， football and table-tennis.
我喜欢篮球、足球和乒乓球。
1.基本用法
and表示“和”、“而且”的意思，用来连接对等关系的字和字，片语与片语，句子与句子。
He got up and put on his hat.
他站起来，戴上了帽子。
I went to the Summer Palace and he went to Bei Hai Park.
我去颐和园，他去北海公园。
注意
单词或词组如果是三个以上连接，一般在最后的单词或词组前加and。另外“and”在译成中文时不一定要翻译出“和”来。
2.特别用法：and在祈使句中的作用
句型：祈使句， and…=If you…， you'll…
Use your head，and you'll find a way.
动动脑筋，你就会想出办法来。
=If you use your head，you'll find a way.
如果你动动脑子，你就会想出办法。
Hurry up，and you'll catch the bus.
快点，你就会赶上公共汽车。
=If you hurry up，you'll catch the bus.
如果你快点，你就会赶上公共汽车。
2 or：或，或者，否则
Is Li Ming from Beijing or from Shanghai.
李明是北京人还是上海人呢?
1.基本用法
or表示“～或”的意思，使用于两者之中选择一个的时候。
Would you like coffee or tea?
你喜欢咖啡还是茶?
Tom or I am right.我或者汤姆是对的。
Li Ming or his classmates are cleaning the room.
李明或者是他的同班同学在打扫房间。
注意
“A or B”作主语时，谓语动词随or后面的词(B)而定，因此例子中的谓语动词服从I，用am。
2.特别用法
句型：祈使句， or…=If you don't…， you'll…
同and一样，or在祈使句中的用法，译成“请…，否则…”，有转折的意思。
Hurry up，or you'll miss the bus.
快点吧，否则你就会误了公共汽车。
=If you don't hurry up，you'll miss the bus.
如果你不快点，你就会误了这班车。
Study hard，or you'll fail in the exam.
好好学吧，否则你考试就会不及格。
=If you don't study hard，you'll fail in the exam.
如果你不努力学习，你考试就会不及格。
注意
or疑问句的读法or前面的部分用升调，后面的部分用降调。
3 but：但是，可是，而
He is old， but he looks very young.
他老了，但他看起来很年轻。
Li Li likes violin but doesn't like piano.
李莉喜欢小提琴，(但是)不喜欢钢琴。
(but 后面省略了主语Li Li，因为与前面的主语成分相同)
Mary likes violin， but Tom doesn't.
玛丽喜欢小提琴，而汤姆不喜欢。
(doesn't后面省略了like violin，因为与前面的成分相同)
He isn't a teacher but a doctor.
他不是(一个)老师，而是医生。
They came here not for money but for the life.
他们到这儿来，不是要钱，而是要命。
注意
but所连接的句子，句中如果某些成分与前面相同，则可以省略。
4 so， for
It began to rain，so we had to stay here.
开始下雨了，我们不得不呆在这儿了。
1.so：所以，因此，于是
My teacher asked me to go， so I went.
我们老师让我去，因此我就去了。
比较
so除了作连词外，也可以作副词。
I hope you can pass the exam.
我希望你能通过考试。
I hope so.我也希望。
Don't walk so fast.别走得太快。
2.for：因为
I soon went to sleep， for I was tired.
我很快就入睡了，因为我太累了。
The sun has risen，for the birds are singing.
太阳升起来了，小鸟在唱歌。
比较
for和be cause for也可译为“因为”，但是它没有什么因果关系，不像because那样，而for只是说明解释而已。
5 both…and：和，既……也……
He can play both the violin and the piano.
他既会拉小提琴，又会弹钢琴。
1.《both…and…》构成的词组作为主语时，谓语动词用复数。
Both Li Ming and Li Li are good students.
(Li Ming和Li Li都是人，所以两者对等)
李明和李莉都是好学生。
注意
在《both…and…》句型中，and连接的词或词组要对等。
2.《both…and》的否定句表示部分否定。
He can't play both the violin and the piano.
他会拉小提琴或者会弹钢琴。(不全会)
Both Li Ming and Li Li are not good students.
明和李莉不都是好学生。(其中一个是好学生)
6 either…or，neither…nor
I want to visit either Tianjing or Shanghai.
我想参观天津或者上海。
I like neither English nor Chinese.
中文和英文我全不喜欢。
1.either…or：或……或……;不是……就是……
a.《either…or…》构成的词组作为主语时，谓语动词随其邻近的词，即or后面的词而定。
Either you or he is right.
不是你，就是他是对的。
b.此句型的否定句是全否定。
Either you or he isn't right.你和他都不对。
I don't want to visit either Tianjing or
Shanghai.天津和上海我都不想参观。
2.neither…nor：既不……也不……
a.当此词组担任主语时，谓语动词的用法和either…or的用法一样，由nor后面的词而定。
Neither you nor I am right.你和我都不对。
b.此句型本身是全否定，因此不能再用否定式，即不能再加not。
(×)Neither You nor I am not right.
比较
both …and ,either…or ,neither …nor 这三个句型的相互关系如下：
1.肯定句：I like both A and B.我喜欢A和B。
I like both coffee and tea.
我喜欢咖啡和茶。(茶和咖啡我都喜欢)
2.否定句：I don't like both A and B. =I like either A or B.
我不喜欢A 或B。
I like either coffee or tea .
咖啡和茶，我喜欢一样儿。
=I don't like both coffee and tea .
3.I don't like either A or B .=I like neither A nor B.
A和B 我都不喜欢。
咖啡和茶，我都不喜欢。
I like neither coffee nor tea .
I don't like either coffee or tea .
7 not only… but also：不但……而且
(1)Not only you but also your father is coming.
不但你，而且你父亲也要来。
(2)Jane is not only beautiful but also kind.
珍妮不但漂亮，而且人非常好。
1.基本用法：《not only…but also》担任主语时，此句型的谓语动词随 but also后面的部分而定，参见上文例(1)。
另外not only…but also连接对等的词或词组;例(1)you(你)和 your father(你父亲)都是人。例(2)beautiful(美的)和kind(亲切、慈祥)都是形容词。
2.该句型可以和“as well as”互换，但注意汉语翻译。
Your father as well as you is coming.
不但你，而且你父亲也要来。
注意
as well as的句子谓语动词随它前面的词“Your father”而定，所以用is coming.
Jane is kind as well as beautiful.
珍妮不但漂亮，而且为人很好。
2 从属连词
常见的从属连词有：
(1)引导时间状语从句的after, before, when, while, as, until, till, since, as soon as等。(2)引导条件状语从句的if, unless等。
(3)引导原因状语从句的because, as, since等。
(4)引导目的状语从句的so that, in order that等。
(5)引导让步状语从句的though, although, even if等。
(6)引导结果状语从句的so that, so…that, such…that等。
(7)引导比较状语从句的than, as…as等。
(8)引导名词从句的that, if , whether等。
1 that
I think(that) he likes football.
我想他喜欢足球。
that引导名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句)和定语从句，本书只介绍宾语从句。
1.that在宾语从句、间接引语中可以省略，主句与从句时态一致。
I think(that) he is tired.我想他累了。
I thought(that) he was tired.
注意
要特别注意主句与从句时态的呼应。如果主句是过去时，从句一律改为过去的时态，详见第二十章宾语从句。
2.如果主句的动词是 think， believe…;如果主句的主语是第一人称，变为否定句时，要否定主句，译成中文时，则否定从句。
I believe you will leave here.
我相信，你会离开这儿的。
I don't believe you will leave here.
我相信，你不会离开这儿的。
必背!
I hope that～我希望～
I think that～我认为～
I say that～我说～
I know that～我知道～
I find that～我发现～
be afraid that～恐怕～
be sure that～确认～
be glad(happy) that～很高兴～
(以上的that都可以省略)
2 when，while，till，until，since…
When he arrives there he will call you.
他到达那儿以后，他会给你打电话。
when， while， till， until， since， after， before， as soon as等是连接时间状语从句的连词。在时间状语从句中要特别注意时态的搭配：当主句是将来时，从句要用一般现在时。
注意
while所引导的从句的谓语动词只能是延续性的，不能用点动词。(如begin，stop…)
When I arrived there， it was raining.
当我到那儿时，天正在下雨。
I entered the room while(when) Li Ming was talking with her.
我进屋时，李明正在和她谈话。
I didn't go to sleep until(till)I finished my homework.
直到我做完作业，我才上床睡觉。
We won't work until(till) our teacher teaches us how to do it.
老师教给我们如何做这工作之后，我们才会开始做。
He came to China after the war was over.
比较
连词连接从句不同，意思不同。
He had been in China before the war was over.
战争结束前，他已经在中国了。
=The war was over before he came to China.
=The war had been over before he came to China.
战争结束后，他来到中国。
I have learned more than two thousand English words since I began learning English two years ago.
自从两年前我开始学习英语以来，我已经学习了两千多个英语单词了。
注意
since引导的是一个过去时的句子，说明自当时以来到现在(自从两年前以来)，主句一般要用现在完成时。
As soon as I get enough money，I'll buy it.
我一得到足够的钱，就买它。
3 because：因为，连接原因状语从句
She didn't go there，because she was ill.
因为她病了，所以她没去那儿。
1.回答Why问句时，只能用because，不能用for或 as.
Why are you late?
你为什么迟到?
Because I met a traffic accident on my way here.
因为在我来这儿的路上，遇到了车祸。
2.汉语中，我们经常说因为……所以，但在英文中有了because，就不能再用so。
(×)Because he was tired， so he couldn't walk there.
因为他累了，所以他不能走到那儿了。
4 if，though (although)
If it doesn't rain，we'll go to the park.
如果不下雨，我们就去公园。
Though I was tired， I still worked hard.
虽然我很累，可是我仍然努力地工作。
1.if：如果(引导条件从句)
You can pass the exam if you study hard.
如果你努力学习，你会及格的。
2.though，although：虽然(引导让步状语从句)和原因状语从句一样，如果用了though，although (虽然)就不能再用but(但是)。
Although(Though) I live near the sea， I'm not a good swimmer.
=I live near the sea，but I'm not a good swimmer.
虽然我住在海边，可是我游泳并不好。
注意
注意时态一致，和时间状语从句一样。主句是将来时之时，从句要用一般现在时。
5 so…that：太……以致……
He is so old that he can't work. = He is too old to work.
他太老了，不能工作。
The box is so heavy that I can't lift it.
=The box is too heavy for me to lift.
箱子太沉了，我抬不起来。
The girl is so beautiful that everybody likes her.
这个小女孩太漂亮了，每个人都喜欢她。
注意
注意此句型与too…to的互换。
so…that在肯定句中不能转换成too…to…
三 连词比较
I and 与or
1) 并列结构中，or通常用于否定句，and用于肯定句。
2) 但有时and 也可用于否定句。请注意其不同特点：
There is no air or water in the moon.
There is no air and no water on the moon.
在否定中并列结构用or 连接，但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是肯定结构，因此要用and。
典型例题
---I don't like chicken ___ fish.
---I don't like chicken, ___ I like fish very much.
A. and; and B. and; but C. or; but D. or;and
答案C。否定句中表并列用or, but 表转折。
判断改错：
(错) We will die without air and water.
(错) We can't live without air or water.
(对) We will die without air or water.
(对) We can't live without air and water.
3 )表示选择的并列结构
(1) or 意思为“否则”。
I must work hard, or I'll fail in the exam.
(2) either…or 意思为“或者……或者……”。注意谓语动词采用就近原则。
Either you or I am right.
判断改错：
(错) They sat down and talk about something.
(错) They started to dance and sang.
(错) I saw two men sitting behind and whisper there.
(对) They sat down and talked about something.
(对) They started to dance and sing.
(对)I saw two men sitting behind and whispering there.
解析：
第一句： and 连接两个并列的谓语，所以 talk 应改为 talked。
第二句：and 连接两个并列的动词不定式，第二个不定式往往省略to，因此sang 应改为 sing。
第三句：and 连接感观动词saw 后面的用作的宾补的两个并列分词结构，因此whisper应改为whispering。
注意：and 还可以和祈使句或名词词组连用表示条件。(or也有此用法)
Make up your mind, and you'll get the chance.
= If you make up your mind, you'll get the chance.
One more effort, and you'll succeed.
= If you make one more effort, you'll succeed.
II but表示转折，while表示对比。
Some people love cats, while others hate them.
典型例题
--- Would you like to come to dinner tonight?
--- I'd like to, ___ I'm too busy.
A. and B. so C. as D. but
答案D。but与前面形成转折，符合语意。而表并列的and，结果的so，原因的as都不符合句意。
III so, therefore
He hurt his leg, so he couldn't play in the game.
注意：
a. 两个并列连词不能连用，但therefore, then, yet.可以和并列连词连用。
You can watch TV, and or you can go to bed.
He hurt his leg, and so / and therefore he couldn't play in the game.
b. although… yet…，但although不与 but连用。
(错) Although he was weak, but he tried his best to do the work
(对) Although he was weak, yet he tried his best to do the work.
IV 比较so和 such
其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副
词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many，few，much， little连用，形成固定搭配。
so + adj. such + a(n) + n.
so + adj. + a(n) + n. such + n. (pl.)
so + adj. + n. (pl.) such +n. (pl.)
so + adj. + n. [不可数] such +n. [不可数]
so foolish such a fool
so nice a flowersuch a nice flower
so many/ few flowers such nice flowers
so much/little money. such rapid progress
so many people such a lot of people
so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 虽相当于 many，但 a lot of 为名词性的，只能用such搭配。
so…that与such…that之间的转换既为 so与such之间的转换。
Eg :The MP3 cost me ________ money that I ccouldn't afford to buy it .
A .so much .B .such much C .so many
D . such many .(Key :A )
注意：too … to ,so …… that … , such … that … , enough …… to …， 的互换。
so that to = in order to /that 的用法。
Eg A .He is too young to go to school.
B .He is ____ a young boy _____ he ____ go to school .
C .He is ____ young ____ he ____ go to school .
D .He isn't ______ _______ ______ go to school (Keys :B :such , that , can't C :so ,that ,can't .D : old ,enough to )
易错分析：
①关于not…until
He stayed there until it was very late.
句中，stay是可延续性动词，所以不用not。
He didn't leave until it was very late.
句中，leave是不可延续性动词，所以用not
②because, so;although, but
上面已经提到，because和so及although和but不连用。
例如：
Because he was late, he didn't catch the first bus.
一定不可以说
Because he was late, so he didn't catch the first bus.
③or还是and
祈使句+or+陈述句前后是对立的
祈使句+and+陈述句前后是统一的
(or或and后的陈述句，常用一般将来时)
Study hard, or you won't pass the exam.
Study hard, and you will pass the exam.
两句都可以转换成“If条件句+主句”形式，注意：要去掉or和and：
If you don't study hard, you won't pass the exam.
If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
④because, since, as, for表示原因时的区别
尽管because, for, since, as都表示原因，但是用法上有不同。
because通常表示说话人认为这种理由或者原因是听话人所不知道的。
如：
He didn't attend the meeting because he had too much work to do.
since表示的原因是人们已知的事实，常译作“既然”。
如：
Since he can't answer this question, you'd better ask someone else.
as表示原因与since差别不大，只是语气更弱，多译为“由于”
如：
As I haven't seen the film, I can't tell you what I think of it.
for表示因果关系时，只能放在主句之后，不能放在句首。而且经常是对主句补充说明理由或推断原因。
如：
It rained last night, for the ground is wet.
⑤ as, when, while
这三个连词都可引导时间状语从句，但用法有所不同。
1) 当某事正在进行的时候，又发生了另一件事。While, when, as 都可用来引导表示“背景”的时间状语从句。例如：
As/When/While I was walking down the street I noticed a police car.
2) 当两个长动作同时进行的时候，最常用的是while。例如：
While mother was cooking lunch, I was doing my homework.
3) 当两个动作都表示发展变化的情况时，最常用的是as。例如：
As children get older, they become more and more interested in things around them.
4) 当两个短动作同时发生时，或表示“一边…一边…”时，最常用as。例如：
Just as he caught the fly, he gave a loud cry.
She looked behind from time to time as she went
5) 当从句的动作先于主句的动作时，通常用when。例如：
When he finished his work, he took a short rest.
6)当从句是瞬间动作，主句是延续性动作时，通常用when。例如：
When John arrived I was cooking lunch.
(6)if, whether
if和whether都可作“是否”讲，在引导宾与从句是一般可互换。例如：
I wonder whether (if) you still study in that school.
I don’t know whether (if) he likes that film.
1) 引导主语从句时。例如：
Whether he will come to the party is unknown.
2) 引导表语从句时。例如：
The question is whether I can pass the exam.
3) 在不定式前。例如：
I haven’t made up my mind whether to go there or not.
篇7：关于初中英语语法定冠词的用法
(1)定冠词的用法表示上文中所提到过的人或物。
eg：I have two children, a boy and a girl. The boy’s name is Mark. The girl’s name is Penny.
(2)特指某(些)人或物。
eg：The girl in a red dress comes from America.
(3)指说话人和听话人都熟悉的人或物。
eg： My shoes are under the bed.
Please open the window.
(4)用在形容最高级和部分比较级前，及形容词only， very， same等前面：
Eg: That's the very thing I've been looking for. 那正是我要找的东西。
Tom is the taller of the two boys.
He is the only person who didn't pass the exam.
他是唯一一个没通过考试的人。
(5)用在序数词前。
eg Monday is the second day of a week.
Where do you live? I live on the second floor.
(6)用在世界上独一无二的事物前(如太阳、月亮、世界、地球、天空、宇宙等)。
eg The moon moves round the earth.
(7)用在某些形容词前，表示—类人或物。
the rich(富人),the poor(穷人),the deaf(聋人),the blind(盲人),the dead(死者),the wounded(伤员)
(8)用在姓氏复数前,表示“某某—家人”或“某某夫妇”。
eg. The Greens are having dinner at home.
(9)用在乐器前。(但中华民族乐器前不用冠词，play Erhu拉二胡)
eg. play the piano/guitar/violin/drums.
(10)用于逢“十”的复数数词前，指某个世纪中的几十年代或人的大约年岁。
eg. In the 1970s, a highway was built to linkup the city with my hometown.
I think he is in the thirties.
(11)用在江河、海洋、山脉、湖泊、群岛的名称的前面。
the Yangzi River 长江
the North China Plain 华北平原
the Rocky Mountains 洛矶山脉
the Black Sea 黑海
(12)用在由普通名词和另外一些词构成的专有名词前面。
the Beijing Railway Station 北京站
the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国
the United Nations 联合国
(13)含有定冠词the的词组。
in the morning (afternoon ,evening )在上午(下午、晚上)
on the right 在左边
by the way 顺便说一下
go to the cinema (theatre ,concert…)去看电影(看戏、听音乐会……)
in the front of 在前部
in the front of 在中间
at (in) the beginning 开始
in the end 终于
in the daytime 白天
on the one hand , on the other hand 一方面……;另一方面
注意：
表示某一类人或事物时，以下三种方法都可以。如：
The horse is a useful animal.(用定冠词)
A horse is a useful animal.(用不定冠词)
Horses are useful animals.(用复数)
马是一种有用的动物。
【初中英语语法：连词and和or的用法和区别】相关文章：
10.协议和合同的区别
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