如何写好托福作文之托福独立写作

“我不做梦”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了21篇如何写好托福作文之托福独立写作，下面给大家分享如何写好托福作文之托福独立写作，欢迎阅读!

篇1：托福独立写作

Agree/Disagree

Some people argue as if it is a general truth that a ...But to be frank, I cannot agree with them. There are numerous reasons why I hold no confidence on them, and I would explore only a few primary ones here.

The main problem with this argument is that it is ignorant o the basic fact that...Explain...

Another reason why I disagree with the above statement is that I believe that...

What is more, some students are interested in...

In a word, ...

Agree/Disagree

Some people prefer to A, others believe B, Nowadays some may hold the opinion that ..., but others have a negative attitude. As far as I am concerned, I agree/disagree that... MY arguments for this point are listed as follows.

One of the primary causes is that...

Examples...

But there is a further more subtle point we must consider. Examples.

What is more... Examples...

General speaking ... Recognizing the fact that ...should drive us to conclude that...

Agree/Disagree

Nowadays, some may hold the opinion that ... But others have a negative attitude. As far as I am concerned, I agree that ... My arguments for this point are listed as follows.

I agree with the statement that ...without reservation since ...

Another reason why I agree with the above statement is that I believe that...

In a word, ... Taking into account of all these factors, we may reach the conclusion that...

篇2：托福独立写作

内容可以这样分：

开头段：2句

内容：开篇点题，也就是一开始就要说明录音和读的材料不一样的地方。

比如：first of all， the lecturer said that__， which contradicts what is listed on the reading paragraph.

然后用几句话解释下，也就是in another word~之类的。最后结尾可有可无。字数300字以内就可以了，综合写作字数太多反而不太好。

篇3：托福独立写作

托福独立写作，三次每次字数都在550字以上，最近这次是600多字，打字速度一定要练，要能很快的把自己想要表达的意思表达出来。没必要也千万不要背模板，可以背些好的句子，好的句子结构，考试时就可以往上套了。但模板的话痕迹太重反而不利于发挥。

开始也最好不要在用with the development of 。看了很多人的习作，都是这样，老师会审美疲劳的。我的词汇量可能不够，所以其实我的作文一直都属于用词比较简单的那种类型，这些好句子感觉瞬间把我的文章提升了一个档次。

The speaker raises serious counterarguments against the reading paragraphs by providing drastically different evidence regarding several different conditions.

The speaker begins by stating that__ According to the reading material， __ While from the listening passage， the speaker rebuts this point and argues that __

Another argument that the speaker uses to cast doubt on the reading raised in the lecture is that __ As for the reading's concern that __ the speaker argues that __

In the end， the speaker challenges the validity of the assumption of __ The reading argues that __ but the speaker maintains that __

In conclusion， based on the discussions demonstrated above， it can be clearly seen that the contents in the reading passage are totally jeopardized by the speaker and the speaker has totally different ideas on the topics made in the reading.

以上是托福独立写作高分模板，但模板模仿痕迹还是比较重，所以考生还是要以OG作文为指导，写出自己的托福作文模板。

篇4：托福独立写作

(1)

Some people like A; others like B. Which one do you prefer—A or B? (1) No doubt, I choose A, because there are too many benefits that outnumber its disadvantages. But B on the other hand, has advantages no more than its disadvantages.

The most important benefit of A is that___________________.

To achieve the same effect, B will__________________.

Another benefit of A, which B almost cannot achieve, is that___________________.

Although B also has its seemingly profound advantages, it can only be achieved conditionally because_________________________.

After understanding the reasoning above, it is quite safe now to say: to choose A is a wise action.

(2)

Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, contradict A. Personally, I would prefer__________ because I think A has more advantages.

There are numerous reasons why________, and I would here explain a few of the most important ones. The main reason is that___________. It can be given a concrete example_____________.

Another reason why I advocate the attitude of A is that___________. Take the case of a thing that_______________. One very strong argument for A is that__________________. This demonstrates the undeniable fact that_____________________.

Of course, choosing B also has advantages to some extent, __________.

But if all these factors are complicated, the advantages of A carry more weight than those of B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that_________________.

篇5：托福独立写作

With the advent of internet, people in growing numbers are getting addicted to logging onto the internet out of various purposes, which has aroused deeply social concern. Therefore, the issue of whether the bills of using the Internet should be paid by the government or the users themselves has been open to debate. In my opinion, it is more reasonable to require the individuals to cover the fee of internet usage, with the reasons as follows.

To begin with, the users of the internets are supposed to pay the bills in order to relieve the financial burden of government. With the popularization of the internet, the number of people going online every day has increased to a lot, which means that the money spent on the internet is tremendous. Such a large sum of money can do nothing but occupy a great propotion of the governmental expenditure, thus cutting down on the investment of government on other more pressing fields like improving the public transportation and eradicating the poverty. By contrast, if the fee of internet usage comes from the wallet of the individual, the situation will become totally different. To illustrate, the abundant financial resources of government saved by this practice can better facilitate the economic development and render the life of the mass more convenient and comfortable.

In addition, requiring the individuals to pay for the bill of internet access will help to establish better social relationship between people. As is common sense, with the wide application of electronic devices boosted by easy access to the internet, people especially younsters are indulged in the cyber or virtual world created by the social network and various Apps on the cell phone. Consequently, it is not uncommon to observe that when a group of white collars sit at a table in a restaurant waiting for their meals, they watch the screen of their smart phones instead of interacting with the guys near them, which greatly alienates the bond between them. In this case, the free use of internet will aggravate this situation to a large extent. However, if the fee of the internet usage is covered by the individuals instead of the government, many people will be reduce their time spent in surfing the internet in order to save money. As a result, the face-to-face communication will become more frequent and thus the closer and more intimate relationship between people will be set up.

Factoring the above listed reasons, it is safe to conclude that the government should not offer internet access to all of citizens at no cost, in order to relieve financial burden of the government and to build a better rapport between people

托福独立写作范文:小学生应多学科技吗

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: primary schools should spend more time on teaching young students (5-11years old) technology (like computer) than teaching music and art.

托福写作模板及参考答案：

托福写作范文参考:

篇6：托福独立写作

The question of “ what is the most important subject or skill the elementary schools should teach? ” has never failed to attract attention from educators, school administrators and even politicians especially when it comes to subjects like technology, or music and art. Some argue that school should spend more time teaching technology than music and art. Personally, I am not in favor of this position based on the following reasons.

Admittedly, with the advent of internet and state-of-art gadgets like laptop, tablets, being able to use computers skillfully is being considered as a valuable quality. However, early exposure to computers and other kinds of technological products might bring lots of risks and problems to kids’ future development. Recently research by National Society of Psychiatrists shows that exposure to computers at an early age leads to addiction to computers when they grow older and obviously spending too much time in front of the computer can pose a threat to kids’ health, to be more specific, it leads to neck problems, nearsightedness, backache and even childhood obesity. Moreover, instead of getting addicted to playing on-line games and watching meaningless videos, kids should have spent more time focusing on their academic study, or even learning how to appreciate artwork or music. Indeed, spending more time learning art and music not only benefits the kids, but also it is conducive the community as whole.

First off, learning art and music at an early age helps to develop creativity and make the kids more imaginative. Actually, lots of scientific research in the psychological field shows that early exposure to art and music not only boosts academic achievement but also promotes creativity, self-confidence and school pride; kids who spend more time in learning art and music end up having higher analytical thinking and reasoning skills than kids who don’t.

Additionally, spending more time teaching kids music and art can can benefit the whole community. Music and art are a very important part of people’s lives. They are necessary for people to express their emotions, like happiness, sorrow, and even anger regardless of cultural background, ethnicity, age and even gentle. It is very urgent to spend more time teaching kids knowledge about art and music since they bring change, facilitate innovation and help to unite the community. They are the reminder of the past and maker of tomorrow, they also help to convey ideas and different perspectives. More importantly, art and music have great cultural significance, by learning art and music kids will have a strong sense of cultural identity and sense of belonging to community, eventually the traditional values and culture can be passed down to the younger generation.

To conclude, it is more advisable to spend more time teaching kids art and music than technology since not only can art and music benefit the individual kid but also it benefits the community as a whole.

托福独立写作真题满分范文 应该接受家人还是政府的帮助

A/D: People can solve important problems in their daily life on their own or with the help from families; The help from the government is not necessary.

题目解析

题目大意： 人们可以自己或通过家人的帮助来解决生活中的重大问题，所以政府的帮助是没有必要的。波波建议此题目选择不同意，即认为政府的帮助还是很有必要的，思考分论点的方向使用拆分，对题目中的抽象名词 important problems 拆分具体化为环境问题和教育问题，然后分别展开。

托福独立写作题目：

Some teachers are just lecturing(speaking) on the class and students only take notes; some other teachers make their class time on discussion and projection and students sharing their ideas with their classmates. Which one do you prefer?

托福独立写作题目：

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People can solve important problems in daily life on their own or with the help from families, so the help from government is not necessary.

托福写作模板及参考答案：

11月13日托福独立写作范文：

In a society that changes as amazingly as ours, the role played by government in our daily life has been brought under the spotlight of mass media. Consequently, the general public and sociologists are wondering whether people can solve important problems individually or with the governmental support. Towards such a long running tug-of-war, I am inclined to claim that the help from government is necessary in the process of resolving important problems, especially in the aspects of protecting environment and addressing the disparity of educational resources.

In the first instance, consider the environmental issues. As is common sense, the deteriorating natural environment is so severe and complicated that the solution of such a problem is far beyond the reach of any individuals or families. The serious air pollution in China is a good case in point. Despite the fact that people can take some actions such as wearing masks or taking the public transportation to relieve the haze occurring frequently in the major cities of China in some degree, the problem cannot be radically solved. To illustrate, the major cause responsible for the smoggy weather is nothing but the emission of waste gas such as dust and smog from an appalling number of heavy-pollution factories. In this case, it is the government that can get rid of the fundamental cause by shutting down these plants and enacting laws or regulations to restrict their production, which can’t be achieved by any individuals.

In the second instance, the same logic goes to the educational problems. As is known to all, many school-age children in rural and remote areas are not able to receive education in school due to the lack of educational resources. According to a survey conducted by the Education Ministry in China in , approximately 3 million kids in the Southwest of China didn’t have the chance to get educated on account of lacking in tables, textbooks and even spacious classrooms. When confronted with the issue mentioned above, what individuals or families can do is quite limited. Undoubtedly, only the government has the adequate financial resources and power to allocate educational resources to those places. For example, the government of China builds nearly 10,000 primary schools called Hope School in the distant places, which alleviates the disparity in educational resources between different regions to a large extent.

Judging from what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that although the ability of individual or families is becoming stronger and greater than before, the help from government is of great necessity in the course of solving significant problems, especially those in the areas of education and environment.

托福独立写作范文：

Taking a panoramic picture of the entire human history, what role should government play has caused incessant debates among scholars, politicians, and even common people on the streets. Some argue that we should get rid of any form of government and spare the government red tape, thus stop bureaucrats from wasting our hard earned tax dollar, while others believe that government can maintain stability of the community, provide social welfare and prevent unlawful conducts by leveraging the judicial branch. I, personally, am in favor of the latter view, meaning that citizens do need help from the government based on the following reasons.

First off, government has the means to leverage billions of dollars and invest in infrastructures, education, and social welfare, which is beyond the power of any individuals or institutions. Think about it, the transportation that we rely on commuting from home to work, like the subway, bus, and trains need multi millions dollar to construct and maintain. The train runs through lots of states and provinces, the highway covers a large expanse encompassing different regions, and a few individuals cannot make a good decision, and it should be only possible by overall decision made by the central government. An individual or family cannot balance the interests of all the people involved. Plus, education is also another important area, in which government should play its role. Generally, the tuition of private schools are far more costly the that of the public ones, and if there are only private school, how could the kids from these underprivileged families get proper educations. So, it is obvious that we rely on government in these aspects.

Additionally, people depend on government to resist foreign invasions and provide shelter in face of catastrophic natural disasters. For example, currently, Muslim extremists organization ISIS waged a few terrorist attack in major cities around the world, which incurred numerous casualties and colossal economics loss. A few countries have decided to deploy military to fight ISIS, and such costly project cannot be made possible by just a few individual, in fact, it takes officers, intelligence personnel and staff members to work together to win the war, which cannot be gathered together without the government. The same is true for natural disasters. For example, a magnitude 8.0 earthquake hit Nepal in the first half of this years, thousands of people were left homeless since the quake destroyed basically all the housing complex and apartments. It was the government and other institutions who provide temporary camp, medication and food to these victims who were traumatized both physically and mentally. Also, these timely assistance and monetary donation would not be possible without the arrangements made by the government.

All in all, with the above careful analysis, government is indispensable for the livelihood and well-being of the people since it can provide infrastructure, education and social welfare to the people, and protect citizens when emergencies happen, like wars and natural disasters. Indeed, people do need government in lots of aspects.

托福独立写作范文：

How to raise students’ study efficiency puzzles both teachers and parents and whether to permit students to discuss or do projects during class remains a heated debate for many years. As for me, although some people may argue that group discussion can hardly be controlled, I still believe it is necessary for students to share their ideas with others and the following reasons and examples can support what I believe.

Firstly, involving group discussion or projection in the class can contribute to the deeper understanding of some complicated knowledge. To be more specific, students’ perspectives differ from a student to the other and the combination of different angles from students and their teacher can make those students more aware of the knowledge. Take a history class as an example. While learning the influence from dropping atomic bombs to stop The Second World War, students’ opinions will be diverse and then a group discussion is extremely necessary. The benefits of dropping the bomb could be obvious because the war that had lasted for a long time devastated the whole human beings and led to a huge economic slump. However, the behavior for dropping the mass destructive weapon is controversial because it left a great weakness for local ecosystem. As is known to all, the radiation caused by using nuclear weapons could not be erased and local species would suffer a lot. Apparently, after a heated discussion, students will understand the historic event more precisely and overall. As a result, permitting students to discuss during the class is highly advantageous.

Secondly, classes including group discussion or projection can be of more interests to intrigue students’ curiosity and enthusiasm. Specifically speaking, some subjects like Physics or Mathematics can be tedious and boring. Then, students can be easily distracted once teachers just give a long lecture and downplay the importance of involving students. Instead, by doing experiments and discussing, students will feel a part of the class and their study efficiency can experience a huge improvement. Gravitational law in the Physics that is complicated and not so attractive for most students can be better understood if teachers could permit students to observe a falling apple and measure the relation between the time of falling and distance. The process of exploring the truth and verifying those abstract theories is intriguing for most students. In this way, never will students lose their interests and concentration of the class.

To admit, group discussion or projection during class may generate some weaknesses. Students are too young to be self-controlled. Then, there might occur some irrelevant topics, like gossiping which NBA basketball player is worthier to gain the title of MVP when students are assigned to talk about the advantages of joining outdoor sports. However, the concern can be erased when teachers can give specific orders and supervise the whole process of discussion. For example, teachers can list several advantages and disadvantages of joining outdoor sports and require students to discuss the validity of them.

In a word, the way of teaching students with discussion and permission can be more effective and interesting. (515words)

篇7：托福写作：1125托福独立写作

富人应该捐款多：

有钱有能力去帮助更多的人;

富人不应该捐款多：捐款是善举，应该被孤立，但不是被强制

1)个人合法所得，受法律保护

2)富人缴纳更多的税，已经对社会的贡献比低收入人多了

范文：

Currently, the widening gap between the rich and the poor is a social problem posing a threat to stability in many countries. As the 20% of the population accumulating 80% of the wealth globally, the rich is naturally supposed to take more social responsibility, like charity. In my mind, however, to do charity or to donate is a philanthropic act of personal choice but not anyone’s obligation. To require wealthy people to do more charity is in fact a kind of emotional blackmail.

Admittedly, affluent people have more money to donate. In contrast to the poor, they not only have more savings in bank accounts, but also enjoy higher living standards, like living in fancy houses, tasting delicious food and traveling worldwide in holidays. It seems the money they donate will not have much influence on their daily life but become a straw to clutch at for those in need. However, this argument only proves that wealthy people have the ability to help others but cannot justify that they have the obligation to do so. In fact, charity ought to be encouraged instead of being coerced.

On the one hand, all individuals’ property right is protected by the law, including that of rich people, if only the money is made through legal ways. For most people, the wealth they accumulate and social status they build is the endorsement of their capability and value. The professional knowledge and incomparable skills enable them to be competent in job market and request high incomes, the rewards of their contribution. They have full right to use and spend the money as they like. On the contrary, when donation becomes wealthy people’s duty, they actually lose the right to enjoy some rewards of their contribution, which is surely unfair. Consequently, such moral coercion to some extend discourages people’s ambition to earn more.

On the other hand, given the fact that wealthy people already have contributed more to society by paying more taxes compared to people with low income, there is no reason to morally hijack them to do more charity. The government levies different percentage of taxes on people’s incomes. The higher one’s salary is, the more taxes he pays. Take people in my city as an instance. The salary lower than 3500 yuan per month is not taxed. For the amount of salary higher than 3500 yuan, people pay 10% income tax, and for the amount of salary higher than 8000 yuan, people pay 20% income tax. Moreover, there are also other taxes imposed on the wealthy, such as property tax and heritage tax. In a word, while the rich make more money and enjoy higher living standard, they make more contribution to society, which also makes the compulsory donation from the rich unjustified.

To sum up, though wealthy people have more money to donate, it is morally incorrect to force them to donate more.

20171125托福独立写作题目：

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The more money people have, the more they should give away to charity.

本文作者：Cindy(公众号：英文写作素材)

篇8：托福独立写作如何备考

托福独立写作重点突破备考计划：结构

要求：托福独立写作整体来说，结构这个方面的要求是最好达到的，一般来说独立写作的结构主要是“一边倒结构”和“让步结构”两种结构，一共五个段落，基本上这两结构都能解决大部分的题目，而且这两种结构整体上是比较好达到的，多看一些范文就能把握好，当然也有一些同学感觉“让步结构”比较绕，感觉不好梳理，这种情况下，可以多拿几个题目思考一下就可以，这部分不用花太多时间练习。

具体操作：可以拿预测题目，或者托福历年真题集中训练，看个人情况，不好的多练习一下，好的话少练习几道就行。

托福独立写作重点突破备考计划：逻辑

要求：托福独立写作官方要求要逻辑流畅，内容衔接性要强，这部分很多同学问题都比较严重，针对这方面的练习要加强，当然这部分如果可以有老师的帮助的话，会更快一些，如果没有老师的帮助，想要通过自己梳理的话，可以通过学会分层论证，因果论证，以及对比论证的思维逻辑。

具体操作;针对分层的思维逻辑，学生可以找一些范文，把范文里面的论点自己摘出来，先不看范文的拓展，自己先思考一遍，然后再对照范文的拓展思路，看一下自己和范文的思路为什么不一样，它的思维逻辑是什么样的。如果备考时间充足的话，每天可以至少分析五篇。

托福独立写作重点突破备考计划：拓展

要求：托福独立写作的拓展部分其实是很多同学头疼的一个问题，因为我们的独立写作是完全基于自己的知识和经验而延展的一个文章，很多平时缺少思考问题的学生就会感到无从下手，但是在多年的一线教学的过程中，我发现很多学生是可以思考到很多内容的，只不过是自己没有发觉，所以想要提高自己的内容拓展，再平时的练习过程中一定要多问自己几个为什么。

具体操作：这个部分可以结合逻辑练习部分一起做，因为逻辑思维也是建立在内容的基础之上，所以当进行思维训练的时候，也可以看一些范文的论点，自己先拓展，多问自己几个为什么，再回去对照范文。

托福独立写作重点突破备考计划：语言

要求：托福独立写作对于语言的要求主要针对的是单词和句式两块，这两部分如果可以多积累一些，尽量要多积累，但是不是一味的背诵，如果不知道怎么单词和句式的用法，就会出现童鞋们口中的“写作单词一点都没有用”，其实不是单词和句式没有用，而是你不会用，或者是会应用，但是单词和句式不熟悉，导致考试紧张的时候完全想不起来。

具体操作：可以按照话题分类词汇进行背诵，如果有时间的话，可以当天进行本话题的题目练习，尽可能要应用当天背诵过的单词和句式。但是这些单词和句式光是一遍是远远不够的，要反复应用，才能真正掌握，考试的时候才能写的出来。

篇9：托福独立写作如何备考

1. 备考计划细节之“练习”

练习量的事情，如果备考时间是一个月，那可以每天写一篇，考前的练习要速度和质量兼顾;如果备考时时间比较长，大概有2-3个月的时间，前两个月可以一周写两道三篇，主要注重质量，包括结构，逻辑，拓展，语言，考前一个月每天练习，要提升速度。切记“三个小时一篇作文和三十分钟一篇作文不是一个概念”。

2. 备考计划细节之“字数”

在托福的独立写作中，字数很重要，官方要求的字数是300+，但是一般情况的学生都能写到400字左右，快一点的学生可以写到500-600字，整体上来说，字数多一点会有优势，但是这个优势是建立在质量的基础上的，所以先保证质量，字数多一点是好事。

3. 备考计划细节之“语法”

语法是语言多样的基础，如果语法不好，各种句子写的乱七八糟，语言的多样性也就没有意义了，提高语言的直接办法就是去研究写作常用的语法知识，当然也可以结合一些汉译英的翻译练习综合提高，语法对于写作而言很重要，一定要扎实。

托福写作：病句的改进

1. I am not good at maths, but English

改进: I am good not at mathematics but at English/ My strength is not mathematics but English.

2. Who is the proper person to make up his minds about children’s leisure time?

改进: Who is the proper person to plan children’s leisure time?

3.It is children who clear about their interests.

改进: It is children who are clear about their own interests.

4. I agree the latter idea.(漏掉介词是大家在托福写作中低分的常见病句。)

改进: I agree with the latter idea.

5. Many people dissatisfy with the status quo.

改进: Many people are dissatisfied with the status quo.

6. So I feel breathe more comfortably now.

改进: So I feel more comfortable now when I breathe.

7. People should learn knowledge no matter how old they are.(语义重复也是大家在托福写作中导致低分的主要原因)

改进：People should learn no matter how old they are/ People are never too old to learn.

8. No one knows all the things.

改进: No one knows everything.

9. I want to live in a quiet place to admire peaceful life.

改进: I want to live in a quiet place to enjoy peaceful life.

10. Each form of shavings friends has its advantages.

改进: Each way of choosing friends has its advantages.

11. I was admitted to a Key University for which few dared to sign up.

改进: I was admitted to a Key University to which few dared to apply.

12. Luckily, he recognized an American professor.

改进: Luckily, he knew an American professor.

13. They will learn the bad habits.

改进: They will develop bad habits.

14. In this continued process, people make progress.

改进: In this cycle, people make progress.

15. Lastly, higher education is equal to higher salary.

改进: Lastly, higher education means higher salary.

16. By making friends who are different from ourselves, we can make up for deficiency.

改进: By making friends who are different from ourselves, we can make up for our shortcomings.

17. A wrong decision will bring even worse fact.

改进: A wrong decision will bring even worse result.

18. You spend all your life to fulfill your willing.

改进: You devote all your life to the fulfillment of your dream.

19. Children should be taught disciplines in groups to avoid unnecessary lost.

改进: Children should be taught discipline in groups to avoid unnecessary loss.

20. I felt alone.

21. Eating outside has the most advantage that we can go at any time when we finish eating without doing any washing.

改进: The best part of eating out is that we can leave everything behind after meal.

22. Smoking can help you relax your mind.

改进: Cigarettes can help you relax.

23. What’s about nonsmokers?

改进: What about nonsmokers?

24. Why not to be a non-smoker?

改进: Why not be a non-smoker?

25. Everyone will have many friends in his life.

改进: Everyone has friends in his life.

托福写作过渡词分类

过渡词在托福写作中可以分成两类，分别表示时间和空间。

1、表示时间的

af first 起初

after a while 一会儿

after that 那以后

after that 那以后

after/before dark 天黑后/前

afterward 后来

as a young man 当…… 是个年轻人的时候

as early as 早……的时候

as soon as 一……就……

at last 终于

at the age of… 在……岁的时候

before, the other day 几天前

earlier, until now 直到现在

early in the morning 大清早

eventually 最终

finally 最后

immediately 立即、马上

in no time 不一会儿

in the end 最后

lately近来

later 后来

meanwhile=in the meantime=at the same time 在此期间、同时

next 接下来

one afternoon 一天下午

one day 有一天

one morning 一天早晨

recently 最近

since then 自从那时起

soon 不久

Soon/shortly after ……之后不久

suddenly=all of a sudden 突然

then 然后

to begin/start with=in the first place 首先、第一点

2、表示空间的

above 在上方

across 在……的另一边

against 靠着、抵着

around 在周围

at the back of 在后面

at the bottom of 在底部

before 在前

behind 在后

below 在下方

close to 靠近

further on 再往前

in front of 在前面

in the front of 在前面

in the middle of 在中间

near to 在……附近

next to 与……相邻

on the edge of 在……的边上

on the right/left 在右/左边

on top of 在……的顶部

opposite to 与……相对

over 垂直在上

to the right/left 朝右/左

under 垂直在下

篇10：托福独立写作解析

托福独立写作范文解析 如何写好文章

Essay Topic

Which one is the most important for teacher of high school?

1. The ability to help students plan for their future;

2. The ability to find the students who need help most and help them;

3. Teach students how to learn outside the classroom.

就这道题来讲，题型基本结构的选择有两种：三项能力都重要，但是第一项最重要;或者，第一项是重要的，而第二项和第三项是不重要的。其他的文章结构都是这两种的变体。我们拿第二种结构举例：

总论点：规划未来能力最重要(vs.发现需要帮助的同学&教会自学)

主体段1：学生最需要规划，而只有老师有能力提供

主体段2：发现需要帮助的能力不重要，因为学生自己会来找

主体段3：课外自学不重要，高中生没有课外时间

The ability to help student with planning their future is definitely the most important capability for high school teachers.

To begin with, high school students are in desperate need for guidance about their future, and teachers are the only competent candidate to provide it. I know this from my personal experience. When I was in high school, a great portion of my classmates’ only goal is to reach for the minimum requirement for graduation, and to be able to get an offer from a middle-ranged college in the US, as all 15-year-old boys are profoundly addicted to either computer games or love affairs. Because of our immature mind, we had no idea regarding the choice of universities, or the selection of a future career path. What made matters worse is that our high school teachers provided us with virtually zero guidance concerning our college applications, not because they lack of the intention, but simply because they know nothing about it. Consequently, the vast majority of our parents had to hire an outside agency that specializes in the college application process which costs tons of money. Later we realized that this is an utter mistake, for what they did was simply giving us the timeline of the application process, translating our personal statements and recommendation letters from Chinese into English, and finally mailing out all our materials to the US. All of these simple tasks could be performed by ourselves, and these misfortunes surely could have been avoided if we had the luck to meet more competent teachers, with the ability to warn students and their parents about the black-hearted agencies and lay out lucid plans for students’ future.

The capability to find the students who need assistance most and help them, on the other hand, is not that imperative. The reason for this is quite simple, since high school students would come to teachers voluntarily if they are in serious trouble. In other words, many times students don’t want to be bothered by a teacher who treats them like a baby-sitter. As for the “help” part, I firmly hold the faith that all teachers are already equipped with the willingness to solve student’s problem gladly, using their prehistoric powers, no matter how difficult the situation can be. So the willingness to help students should be the minimum standard to be qualified as a teacher.

Similarly, the skill to teach students how to learn outside the classroom is completely unnecessary. For one, most high school students have no time outside their classrooms at all, as all their spare time is already occupied by cram school or by extracurricular activities. Even in the rare circumstance that some students may have free time, parents could always play the part of their instructor on how to self-study.

本篇文章在结构的处理上，做到了清晰、简单。第一个主体段在证明第一项能力是非常必要的。第二、三主体段在分别证明第二、三项能力是不重要的。整个段落结构很明确。这样会更容易获得高分。大家要注意避免结构过于复杂和混乱。

如何丰富整篇文章的结构?

大家经常会有疑惑的问题就是：我的三个主体段全部都是讲故事，好像手法太单一了，会不会被扣分?如何丰富?

答案是：有可能;以及，偶尔的使用纯解释型段落。

众所周知，TOEFL写作中展开手法有两种，exemplification和explanation。例证显然是二者中更简单的一个。因此，大部分同学都更倾向于使用例证。因为它更容易快速上手，并且大家可以通过举例来展开具体化的细节，从而获得高分。但注意，如果三个主体段全部是讲故事展开，未免会有语言太差的嫌疑。因此，除了例证，我们文章中最好可以稍微涉及到一些说理部分。

举例和说理分别的优势?

大家现在可以重新观察一下范文三个主体段的展开手法。三个主体段一共444字。其中第一段259字，第二段116字，第三段69字。第一段的展开手法为例证(讲故事)，第二、三段均为解释。

大家明显感受到例证的优势即为能够更轻松的展开出有效并具体化的细节，或俗称“好凑字”。解释的好处为语言简练，表达效率高，文章的递进性、节奏会更紧凑。

举例和说理分别的劣势?

例证在TOEFL写作中并无太明显的劣势。解释的劣势就比较明显了。同样的一个分论点，有的同学用例证可以很轻松写到200字，而解释只能说到100字。有的同学可能有个刻板印象：讲故事的语言通常比较简单，句式单一，因此不容易得高分。注意，讲故事语言和句式也是可以复杂的;或者大家可以选择简单但地道的表达，可同样可以获得满分。

答题战略、以及举例和说理的优劣小结

因此我们以后考场上的答题战略很简单。第一段为例证段落。目的为使劲凑字，尽量直接写满200字。第二、三段可以选择简短的小故事或者解释性段落，分别写到60～100字左右。这样主体段已经达到至少320字，再加上开头结尾段，可以轻松满足350字的字数要求。

如何练好说理?

说理对语言和句式的要求要明显高于例证。因此一定要有扎实的基本功的支持才能够写出漂亮的说理段落。关于句式的练法，可以参考强化班上的句型基本构成以及句型转化练习。

如何练好例证?

例证的套路大家都很熟悉。很多同学的问题出在没思路上。比如，一道题目问说：我们的闲钱应该拿去旅游好，还是存到银行好?有同学说，存起来更好，因为可以未雨绸缪。这是一个很好的分论点，那么如何以例证的方式来展开呢?有同学说可以使用反证法：我有一个朋友Foosen，他就不存钱，后来他就死的很惨。用此例来强调存钱的必要性。大部分同学都能够想到这一步，问题会处在如何用故事来展开死的很惨，以及什么事情导致Foosen死的很惨。我们来看一篇范文：

To begin with, as a young man living in a big city, I need to start saving up from now on, because there are a lot of things in the future costing tons of money. Take my good friend Foosen for example. He is an optimistic guy who prefers to seize the day. He can spend all his salary within just two days either on luxuries or on trips. Before he was even 22, he already went around the whole Africa. Unfortunately, not everything goes according to plan. Last year during his trip to South Africa, he accidentally broke his leg and had to go through surgery. However, since he could not cover the expense, he had to call everybody to borrow money. It took so long for him to collect the money that the surgery was delayed. As a result, the recovery period for him was 2 months longer than everyone else’s. Now, this example might be a particular instance, and it is out of his expectation. Nonetheless, in today’ssociety, even the potential spending within our expectation is already quite worrying. For instance, in Beijing, if I wish to purchase a 30-squaremeter apartment, it would cost me over 3 million yuan; if I want to invite, say, 20 friends to my wedding, I would have to pay over 200,000 yuan; not to mention if I have a child and want to support his education, it would cost at least 50,000 yuan per year just for him to go to kindergarten. It aches mejust to look at these horrifying numbers. If I don’t save up for my future, there would be no future. (275 words)

故事描述了主人公Foosen，由于是乐天派并且坚持活在当下，进而展开月光、全世界各地旅游;到之后有一次意外摔断腿，需要做手术，但没有存钱，从而导致恢复期比普通人长了两个月。大部分的同学就是这些故事的“细节”想不到，或者没思路。如何解决?很简单，就是多看。因为讲故事并没有一个明显的模式或公式可以使用。

其实就是我们中学老师总说的那句话，“量的积累产生质的飞跃。”大家想练好例证，只需要找到优秀的讲故事型范文，仿写10篇左右，自然会掌握规律。

托福写作：题库范文附思路解析

1. Doing work: by hand or using machines? Some people like doing work by hand. Others prefer using machines. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

『分析』分情况。有些事情适合用手做，比如：洗衣服：有些人就喜欢用手洗衣服(wash clothes)，而不用洗衣机(laundry machine)。写字：不用电脑，而坚持用笔，基本上只有50岁以上的人才干得出来。很多的事情只能手工去作(举例);而另外也有很多事情只能用机器去做(举例)。还有一些事情要二者结合才可以，比如统计工作。搜集数据(collect data)，往往更依赖人工(manual work);数据处理(data processing/manipulating)，最好由计算机完成。相关题目：[140]

『范文』 Some people like doing work by hand. Others prefer to use machines. I definitely fall into the latter category. I use a machine for almost all of the work I do. The reasons why I prefer to use machines are that most hand work is tedious, machines are faster and more efficient, and I am more proficient with most machines. Two things that I spend a copious amount of time doing are writing and sewing. Both of these endeavors border on pain if I do not have a computer or a sewing machine, respectively. What was once a fun task becomes very monotonous, and no longer enjoyable. Using a machine can turn ordinary tasks into exciting ones. Using machines to do work is also much faster and more efficient than using your hands to do it. For example, if I wrote this essay by hand, rather than using the computer, it would probably take me at least five times as long. Hand sewing a shirt would take ten times longer than using a machine to do the same work. Not only are machines faster and more efficient, I am much more proficient using machines than I am doing the same work by hand. I find that when I am sewing by hand, all of my seams are very uneven and crooked. However, when I sew on a machine, my seams are perfect. The machine helps to keep my hand in line, therefore I can turn out a much better product. It is the same for writing essays. My handwriting is messy at times. If I had written a paper, I cannot correct it as easily as if I had written it on the computer. My writing blurs together, and sometimes I cannot even read what I have written down. Machines are definitely a better way for me to work efficiently, proficiently, and enjoyably. 102. Should schools ask students to evaluate their teachers? Schools should ask students to evaluate their teachers. Do you agree or disagree? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

2. 『分析』有保留地同意 (agree with reservations)。学生在评判教师时，是否全部学生都可以客观评价(objective evaluation)?是否有足够的能力(包括academic knowledge等等)去进行客观评价? 如果采取了这样的方式，就会出现老师迎合(cater to/ pander to/ play up to students' taste)学生而不是引导 (guide; lead)学生，违背了教育的原则。保留意见/这种方式：允许学生进行评价，但是应该作为一个参考，同时要有其他的评判方式。参见：[97]

『范文』 Teachers have a very difficult job in society. They not only have to learn how to teach material effectively, but also must learn how to deal with a wide variety of personalities. While teaching is a difficult job, I think it is important for schools to ask students to evaluate their teachers. I think this is the right thing to do because it encourages teachers to try their best, it gives students the opportunity to choose effective teachers, and it allows the schools to have the best teachers possible teaching. If a teacher knows that at the end of the term, the students will be evaluating his/her work, then the teacher will be driven to do a very good job. If there is no pressure from evaluation, a teacher might be prone to doing a less than perfect job. I believe that everyone needs an occasional evaluation to ensure they are doing their job correctly. In the case of a teacher, the students will give the most important evaluations. If there was a public summary of which teacher scored the highest on his/her evaluations, then students would be able to take courses based on which teacher was the best at the job. This would allow students to excel in their studies, and achieve better grades. Finally, if schools ask students to evaluate their teachers, the schools themselves would be able to have the best teachers working on campus. If a teacher scored too low on an evaluation, a replacement could be found. This is a much better method than waiting for students to complain about a teacher. Teachers do have a difficult job, but regardless of this, they must excel at it. If a person is a particularly poor teacher, the students will not learn the required material, and suffer for it.

3. The most important characteristic that a person can have to be successful in life In your opinion, what is the most important characteristic (for example, honesty, intelligence, a sense of humor) that a person can have to be successful in life? Use specific reasons and examples from your experience to explain your answer. When you write your answer, you are not limited to the examples listed in the question. 参见：[15]、[27]

『范文』 To be successful in life, one should have the characteristic of independence, that is, he/she has the ability to think critically. By critical thinking, one is capable of analyzing insightfully, concentrating on the right target, thereby making a wise decision. Thinking critically can enable one to analyze problems insightfully. We live in a world where controversial issues are often simply taken for granted. For example, most people are reluctant to think carefully about issues like whether boys and girls should take separate classes. Recently a high school in Beijing announced that their students from then on take separate classes. Many parents support such ridiculous decision without careful consideration. They are poor thinkers. Critical thinking is but to ask some simple yet essential questions, which always brings amazing sometimes appalling outcomes. Is such a scheme capable of eliminating underage sexual behaviors among adolescents? Is such a scheme guarantee boys and girls free of negative effects? Sadly, the decision had been made but the question left unanswered. Thinking critically can help one concentrate on right targets. We all have only and exactly 24 hours a day, but we often have mountainous work to do in hands, along with which many personal affairs seem equally urgent. Concentrating on right targets is probably the only way to overcome such dilemmas. For example, ETS has recently announced that GRE examination will be transformed back to paper based test. Grumbles are all around, and complains are posted almost on every BBS on the Internet. But if students think critically, however, they will find out the simple fact that even if ETS had made an awkward decision, test preparers should concentrate on the right target—preparing test as prudently as possible, and at the same time, grumbling never helps. Only by thinking critically can one make decisions wise and prudent. Sound decision making is essential to success. Decisions such as which movie theater we should go tonight are simple enough to make by tossing a coin, but decisions such as which university or which major we should choose are complicated enough so that we need careful comparisons. A comparison sheet will help a lot, simply by listing several relevant questions such as “Am I really interested in this major?” or “Are there more opportunities in the city where the university locates?” By analyzing insightfully and concentrating on the right targets, wise decisions are not hard to reach at all.

4. Artists' contribution or scientists' contribution, which is more valuable? It is generally agreed that society benefits from the work of its members. Compare the contributions of artists to society with the contributions of scientists to society. Which type of contribution do you think is valued more by your society? Give specific reasons to support your answer.

『分析』不要急于选择;一定要进行比较陈述科学家做出的贡献陈述艺术家做出的贡献在不同的时期(比如战争时期vs和平时期)，二者做出的贡献不同。参见：范文

『范文』 Art and science are essentially a strange coupling. Yet more often than not, they are considered as divergent rather than consistent with each other. The artist employs image and metaphor; the scientist uses number and equation. By casual juxtaposition, these two fields seem to have little in common: there are few, if any, references to art in any standard textbook of science; art historians rarely interpret an artist's work in light of the conceptual framework of science. Despite what appear to be irreconcilable differences, however, they do have at least one thing in common—both of them have significant contribution to the society, but through probably distinctive way. The development of science and technology has always accompanied the progress of the society. The invention of the steam engine brought a new era of thrift of world economy; the employment of electricity has multiplied the productivity and virtually reproduced limited resources on the Earth; the innovation of computer technologies has made the Earth a little village and connected distant countries as a single market. While sometimes the progress of science and technology, such as that of human cloning, cause troubles or originate dilemmas, it seems always undeniable that in a broad sense, the development of science has provided people a much higher standard of living than that of their counterparts in any phrase of the history. Visualization and fascination have been the major power of any form of art. For example, any' religion in this world cannot exist without music, which helps realize the faith of the church to an astonishing extent. Each and every revolution on this earth was accompanied by numerous corresponding art productions, because the artists sense the circumstances, and then reflect their sensations with sophisticated techniques in their production, which can be easily perceived by the public through powerful empathy. Nobody could evaluate art as correct or not standard, needless to say the public, they simply feel it is good or not, therefore art has always had magic influence on the public and society in general. However, it's been said that there is no science without fancy and no art without facts. Science fictions have long been functioning as a major vehicle for the public dissemination of science; scientists share parallel view of space, time and light, etc. with artists. Not only are art and science interrelated with each other but they also contribute to each other in various way. Therefore, it is hard to compare the contributions of art and science, it is simply partial to say that either one contributes more to the society than another does.

5. Living in university housing or in an apartment in the community? Students at universities often have a choice of places to live. They may choose to live in university dormitories, or they may choose to live in apartments in the community. Compare the advantages of living in university housing with the advantages of living in an apartment in the community. Where would you prefer to live? Give reasons for your preference.

『分析』一定要进行比较。住在宿舍的优缺点：便宜(不用付或者付很少的租金;很少的交通费用);方便;但是可能不自由自己租房子住的优缺点：自由;安静;干净;但是费用高 (也许合租的话，就会便宜很多)。根据自己的情况进行选择

『范文』 Being a new student at a university is an excitement. Choosing where to live, whether on campus in a dormitory, or off campus in an apartment, is in fact quite a big decision. Both of these options have their relative benefits. Living in a dormitory has many advantages over living off campus. For example, one has the opportunity to meet dozens of new students. One is usually placed in a room with a roommate, who can help with homework, and give much needed support during difficult times. Another advantage of living in a dormitory is not having to cook food. Most students coming to a university have lived their whole lives with their parents, and inexpert at preparing food, for they were not in charge of the cooking in home. Many students who first learn to cook their own food while going to school eat a very unhealthy diet. On top of this, many students are so preoccupied with their studies that they do not have time to cook a nutritious meal. Therefore, the fact that the dormitories include a cafeteria is very beneficial. However, living off campus has its advantages as well. In most situations, one has much more freedom to do what they want in these living conditions. For instance, one can stay up late studying or come home late without disturbing a roommate. Also, one is not limited to the cafeteria food if he/she is a particular eater. Living by oneself also has its benefits. One never has to deal with rude or messy roommates. Overall, I think that both of these options are good choices. However, I recommend that first or second year students live in a dormitory, and perhaps wait until they are older and more accustomed to university life before venturing out on their own. This way, one gets the best of both worlds: the camaraderie of living with many people and the independence of living by oneself.

篇11：托福独立写作名人名言

托福独立写作名人名言一箩筐 高分作文必备素材分享

成功与失败

Vince Lombardi--It’s not whether you get knocked down....It’s whether you get up again.

Winston Churchill--An optimist sees an opportunity in every calamity;a pessimist sees a calamity in every opportunity.

热情(年轻/年老)

Ralph Waldo Emerson--Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm.

信心

James Allen--The will to do springs from the knowledge that we can do.

Samuel Johnson--Few things are impossible to diligence and skill.

Aughey--Lost time is never found again.

Voltaire--No problem can stand the assault of sustained thinking.

Napoleon--Victory belongs to the most persevering.

细心

Euipides--Leave no stone unturned.

计划与工作

Norman Vincent Peale--Plan your work for today and every day;then work your plan.

Henry Ford--Failure is only the opportunity to more intelligently begin again.

Thomas Edison--I start where the last man left off.

理想与现实

What the mind of man can conceive and believe,the mind of a man can achieve.

勤奋

Benjamin Franklin--Plough deep while sluggards sleep.

目标

Henry David Thoreau--In the lone run men hit only what they aim at.

幸运

Emily Dickinson--Luck is not chance...It’s toil...Fortune’s expensive smile is earned.

勤奋

Thomas Edison--Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.

想象力

Albert Einstein--Imagination is more important than knowledge.

挑战

Walter Begehot--The great pleasure in life is doing what people say you cannot do.

机会与准备

Abraham Lincoln--I will prepare and some day my chance will come.

事实

Henry Ford--Whether you think you can or think you can’t -- you are right.

English Proverb--Where there’s a will there’s a way.

There is no failure excepting no longer trying.

Luck is what happens when preparation meets opportunity.

托福写作解析：agree or disagree

托福独立写作练习题目：

Children rely too much on the technology, like computers, smart phones, video games for fun and entertainment. Playing simpler toys or playing outside with friends would be better for children' s development.

孩子们过多地依赖科技(比如电脑、智能手机和电子游戏)来娱乐。玩简单点的玩具或者与朋友一起在外面玩对孩子们的发展更好。

写作参考思路：

观点：

电脑、智能手机等电子设备遍及每个家庭，孩子们在这里面花的时间越来越多。有人认为在玩简单点的玩具或者和朋友一起在外面玩才有助于孩子们的发展。但是我的观点截然相反。

Opinion:

As electronic devices like computers and smart phones are popular in every home, children have spent more and more time on them. With growing concerns about children's future development, some people think playing simpler toys or playing outside with friends would be better. However, I do hold a different view.

理由1：

随着科技的进步，电子产品的功能越来越强大，客户体验也越来越好。所以孩子们从电脑、智能手机和电子游戏中获得的乐趣比他们在简单的玩具或在外面玩中所获得的要多。

Reason 1:

With the development of technology, electronic products are becoming more and more powerful, and customer experience is improved as well. In this way, children can get more fun and joy from these products than that from playing simpler toys or playing outside.

理由2：

现在，互联网教育(比如可汗学院)越来越被人们认可。孩子们通过电脑或智能手机来学知识，已是非常正常的现象。甚至还有些电子游戏，其设计目标就是锻炼孩子们的思维等能力。

Reason 2:

Nowadays, Internet Education such as Khan Academy is increasingly acknowledged by people. It is a common phenomenon for children to learn knowledge through computers or smart phones. There are even some video games that are designed to practice children’s ability of thinking and other abilities.

总结：

科技使生活更美好。只要家长和学校正确引导孩子，不让他们沉迷其中，那么这些电子产品会对孩子们的发展起到积极作用。

Summary:

Technology makes life better. As long as parents and the school work together and guide correctly to prevent their children from getting addicted, these electronic products would have positive influences on their development.

Tip

对于“agree or disagree”的题目，同学们的中心观点可以是同意(agree)，可以是不同意(disagree)，也可以是是视情况而定(it depends)。

参考提纲的中心观点就是不同意(disagree)，如果中心观点是同意(agree)，那么可以考虑从以下角度进行分析阐述：

1.电脑、手机、电子游戏等都是虚拟的，玩现实中的玩具更能锻炼动手能力;

2.和朋友一起去外面玩，既可以接触大自然、锻炼身体，还可以加深友谊、认识更多的人

3.……

托福写作解析：竞争是否疏远友谊

托福写作练习题目：

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Competition between friends usually negatively impacts friendships. Use specific details and examples to support your opinion. 朋友之间的竞争对于友谊有消极影响，是否认同?

【头脑风暴】

江湖中，一个高手打遍天下无敌手的时候，也就是他的武功即将废掉的时候。竞争对手亦可为友，因为彼此的敬重和欣赏。

【写作立场】

朋友之间的竞争有助于增进友谊，维持友情。

【思路拓展】

为何朋友之间的竞争有利于维持友谊：

友谊是建立在互相尊敬和欣赏的基础之上的，所谓英雄相惜，因此，只有通过竞争， 我们才能发现朋友的优点，进而产生一种敬意。和优秀的人在一起也是人的一种本能。所以，竞争有助于增进友谊。

这个争议是我想起一个体育故事，NBA 球星James 和 Paul 是一对好友，他们在比赛中互不相让，为了各自的团队荣誉而战，但是，在生活中他们是好友，甚至亲人，他们因为彼此欣赏，互相帮助， 他们的友谊并没有因为竞争而淡化。

为何朋友之间的竞争不利于维持友谊：

衡量友谊的一个很重要的标准就是朋友在患难或者危机时刻的表现。生活中例证很多，很多人是玩耍的好伙伴，但是，一旦遇到竞争，尤其是涉及到个人利益的竞争，如果一方为自我的私利而做出有损于友谊的事情，这时候，友谊很难维持。

但是，我想反驳的是：为了个人的利益就可以在竞争中卖友求荣，损人利己之人，不值得结交。

【经典语料】

1.Sincere friendship is what every individual aspires after. 真诚的友谊是人人渴求的。

2.However, people differ greatly in their views as to whether or not true friendship can withstand the test of competition. 然而，关于是否真正的友谊是否可以经受住竞争的考验，人们的观点各异。

3.As I see it，competition can be a promoter of friendship rather than a barrier for interpersonal relationship. 我认为，竞争可以促进友谊，而不是人际关系的阻碍。

4.As a proverb goes, excellent people usually appreciate each other. Hence, true friendship should be based on mutual respect and appreciation. 友谊是建立在互相尊敬和欣赏的基础之上的，所谓英雄相惜。

5.Only by means of competing with friends, can we find the personal strength of our friends, naturally, respect grows. After all, such is human nature to stick with elite people. 只有通过竞争， 我们才能发现朋友的优点，进而产生一种敬意，因为和优秀的人在一起也是人的一种本能。

6.This debate reminds me of a story. 这个争议是我想起来一个体育故事。

7.James and Paul are noted for their basketball talents and skills on the NBA court, during the basketball game, they compete with each other fiercely for the honor of respective team. However, competition never alienate their friendship, they are close friends in real life for the simple reason that they appreciate each other. 球星James 和 Paul 是一对好朋友，他们在比赛中互不相让，为了各自的团队荣誉而战，但是，在生活中他们是好友，他们因为彼此欣赏，才结为朋友，友谊没有因为竞争而淡化。

8.One's reaction in time of hardship or crisis, in the eyes of the vast majority of people, will be one of the most crucial criteria to evaluate friendship. 衡量友谊的一个很重要的标准就是朋友在患难或者危机时刻的表现。

9.From our life, we can find plenty of evidence to prove that many people are just good playmates, however, it is extremely hard for them to maintain friendship if personal interests are involved, especially when a person intentionally sell friends out. In this case, competition might make two people go from being best friends to bitter rivals. 生活中例证很多，很多人是玩耍的好伙伴，但是，一旦遇到竞争，尤其是涉及到个人利益的竞争，如果一方为自我的私利而做出有损于友谊的事情，这时，友谊很难维持。

10.What I want to rebut, however, is that those who do things for personal profit at another's expense in the hot competition are never trustworthy friends. 但是，我想反驳的是：为了个人的利益就可以在竞争中卖友求荣，损人利己的人，不值得结交。

托福写作解析：托福写作常用过渡词归纳

1.时间或顺序

At the same time, as soon as, so far, since, now, when, meanwhile, shortly, later, lately, after a while, at this time, before, earlier, presently, in the meantime, formerly, previously, simultaneously, eventually, finally, concurrently , immediately, subsequently, lastly, consequently, since then, following this, preceding this, at the outset, at this point, after, afterwards, after this, at once, at length, in the mean time, meanwhile, at the same time, in the end, not long after, some time ago, at present, all of a sudden, from this time on.

2.阐述说明

In other words, again, as has been pointed out, to repeat, as I have said above, once again, after all, indeed, in fact, truly, chiefly, especially, actually, particularly, to be sure, above all, most important of all, even worse, no doubt, needless to say.

3.对比

but, however, yet, or, nevertheless, still, nonetheless, conversely, nor rather, whereas, though, on the one hand, on the contrary, by contrast with/to, even though, instead, unlike, different from, in contrast (with/to), instead (of), unlike, while, for all of that, notwithstanding, something is just the other way around, opposed to, as opposed to.

4.类比

similarly, likewise, like, as, at the same time, in fact, too, in the same way, in alike manner, both, also, compared with, in comparison with

5.举例及序数词

first of all, to begin with, first, second, next, in the first (second) place, furthermore, moreover, beyond that, also, besides, in addition, what is more, such as, finally, for example, for instance, in this case, namely, a case in point is…, consider…, in particular, including…, for one thing…, for another…, put it simply, stated roughly, as an illustration, I will say…, a good example (of…) would be…, to detail this, I would like to…, it is interesting to note that…, in this situation, as proof, take the case of…, take (something) as example, as for, as regards, as to, according to, on this occasion.

6.原因和结果

Since, because (of), as, for, owing to, result from, due to, on account of, on the ground of, as a result of, being that, another important factor/reason of…, in that…, for the reason that…, in view of.

So, therefore, thus, hence, as a result, accordingly, for this reason, on that account, it follows that, thereupon, inevitably, under these conditions, as a consequence, consequently, in consequence, so that, not only…but (also…), so… as to

7.总结

To sum up, in summary, to summarize, in short, in brief, to be brief, on the whole, in conclusion, to conclude, the conclusion can be drawn that…

篇12：托福独立写作如何准备

托福独立写作攻略助你写作拿高分

托福独立写作攻略一：把握好作文重要的因素

要想托福写作能够拿高分，那么就要掌握一篇好的作文最重要的因素，那就是有论点及论证。一篇好的作文，论点可以提纲挈领，论证可以丰富文章内容。

由于考试时间的限制，很多英语程度好的学生也会出现一些问题。比如说一个学生对作文的论点言之凿凿，但就是写不出东西，或是写不出令自己满意的句子。所以，上考场前，脑中一定要装一些东西，好的例子，好的句子等。

这里强调论据的重要性，不是忽视逻辑和论点的重要性。相反，只要你能够掌握一些万能的论据，对你谋划全篇的结构，以及段落发展，是有好处的。

论据的准备也可以称为素材，这种素材可以是一个短语，一个人名，或是一个完整的例子。这种例子能够辅佐你的乱点，能够画龙点睛。

托福独立写作攻略二：把握好文章写作思路

怎样发展成为一篇逻辑性很强的文章呢?下面为大家介绍一些实战做法。

1.首先应该审题，尤其关注作文题目中的绝对性词汇。

比如：Improving school is most important factor to sucessful development of country. 看到most ，我们自然想到用他因法。

2.其次用20秒的时间，整理脑中所有能用的素材，让这些素材称为支持你段落的骨架，然后开始确定段落的论点。

3.尽量使你的语言句式丰富一些。

形式主语，主动，被动，动名词To do作主语，倒装句，there be，以及强调句等等。特别强调一点，为了使你文章的逻辑清晰可见，要使用逻辑连接词。

4.把握好过渡词的使用，和适当的论述方法完善你的作文，使之成为一个逻辑整体。

论述方法：条件(假设)法，比如：if 我按照论点那样做，就能cause siginificant effects，除了用if，还能有with, when, only through + 方式+倒装等。

托福独立写作攻略有哪些呢?对于应对攻略来说，一千个托福写作高分考生可能有1000种不同的观点，同样，上述的相关内容是小编对这类问题所给出的观点。并不是要求大家一定要怎样，只是想通过简单解析的方式帮助大家对这类问题有简单的了解。这样才能够为考试做更充分的准备。

托福写作备考：怎么练习托福独立写作?

在刚开始练习的时候并不需要如此苛求自己，完全可以轻松地把这个过程当作梳理自己英文表达和熟悉托福考试题型的过程，不应该有压力。有的时间多少不重要，只要你愿意，写几个小时都可以，但是内容以及用词的质量必须要体现出来。这样，就会有一个文章的雏形出来，然后就进入到重要的一个步骤：修改。

托福写作修改的过程就是一个提高的过程，绝对不能写完了不改就扔在一边，那样只能停留在原来的水平。推荐大家先不限时写几篇，写完一篇就立刻打印出来逐字逐句修改，把过于简单的词和句子一一替换，注意别用太难的词和没把握的词，能用到6级词汇就差不多了，如果想要添加一下较难的词汇建议大家用词典将相应单词查找出来，用进文章里，并且将这个词的含义，词性，用法以及搭配都摘抄到笔记本上。久而久之，你便会形成自己的单词库，还能在无意识间扩大词汇量。

改作文还需要做的一点就是找到自己认为漂亮实用的句式，往自己的托福独立写作里套。尤其开头段，结尾段以及中间各段的衔接，找到了漂亮的句式就从此永远用这个不要再改了，这就是自己独家的写作模板。

写简单句，可以吗?可以。全部写简单句，可以吗?显然就不行了。在表达通俗直白的观点时，用过于复杂的句型会使得句子含义很晦涩，反而会阻碍到读者对文章的理解。我们追求的是长短局的结合和表达的难易的结合，并且能够用简单句表达的最好避免使用复杂句。

平时在进行托福独立写作练习的时候可以用尽量多的句式，多尝试，找到适合自己的，既能记住，又能灵活运用，在结合上课时老师提供的句型选择，那么限时模考的时候就开始逐渐找到自己的句式表达和段落结构，形成自己固定的模板套路。有了属于自己的惯用句型，考试的时候便会事半功倍了。

托福备考之独立写作经验谈

托福写作分为综合写作和独立写作两个部分，综合写作只要套用本机构的模版，基本都是拿到GOOD. 本章主题要谈论的是独立写作部分。

1、一个大误区是字数。根据考试要求写的字数必定是拿不到高分的。很多同学在考场上写了超过300个字，特地删掉，缩短，煞费苦心，其实这样做完全没有必要。试问，一篇只有300字的文章能体现什么英文水平?

2、二大误区是论点究竟要一边倒还是两头草。在考试中一边倒或两头草都是可以的。不需要非常纠结。对于考生来说，比较适合的方式是一边倒，因为两头草的文章一般需要写三个主题段方能更好的展示观点，而一边倒的文章两段也已展示完毕。

3、三是写作过程中什么叫做例子，很多东西喜欢写我的爹娘，我的祖父祖母，我的同学，我的邻居，我的朋友，我的好朋友的朋友等，他们身上发生的案例算例子吗?SUAN!

4、四是怎么开头?其实每个机构都有属于自己的万用模版，这些模版有效吗?大部分情况下是有效的。开头部分套用合适的模版能够缩短时间，试想别人还在愁眉苦脸不知道如何下笔的时候，你已经写了80-100字，是不是自信心爆棚?

5、五是结尾是否重要?对于想要写作满分的学员来说，结尾的存在是必要的。然而对于只是目标定在25以上27以下甚至是28的同学来说，结尾的存在与否并不会起到决定性的作用。所以不要担心，有没有结尾，没有你想象的那么重要!

托福独立写作思路技巧总结

托福写作破题和整理行文思路都是考生要构思的。新东方在线托福网为大家带来托福独立写作思路技巧总结，希望对大家托福备考有所帮助。更多精彩尽请关注新东方在线托福网!

充分的破题所积累的大量思维方向给我们以信心，要做的只有一项遴选工序了。而这选并不是闭上眼睛随手挑，而要符合以下条件：

1， 要与论题相匹配。论题问的既然是提高生活质量与否，一些无关紧要的改变就应该弃之不用，比如烹调时间缩短这一项改变，是事实，且未对生活质量有直接明显影响，就应该避免用作主要论点。

2， 要能言之有物。这是再功利不过的一条标准。比如我自己提到了食物准备时间缩短能让人性情改变，破题时觉得不无可能，真落笔时却不知道由何说起，如果选了这一条为一个主要论点，结果是我说了一句话就走人，那还不如选个能下笔，能展示语言功底，也能显示思维缜密的写作方向。

3， 选择的无论是2个还是3个论点，内在一定要有联系。这其实是整个立意阶段的重头。要立意，就是要明白自己表达的对象是什么，明确立场。然后站在这个立场上，挑选支持自己的论点。

托福写作破题结束后，第二要做的重要事项便是整理行文思路。破题过程其实是个发散思维的过程，而立意，则是要把思维收回来，组织化，理清它的脉络纹路，让他们按照自认为最有说服力的顺序排列好，准备落于纸上的过程。这个说服力的强弱，应该以什么标准判断呢-笔者认为，能说服读者的议论，在论点选择上应该遵循一个原则：三个(或者两个)论点不能在层面上有交叉，但要符合一条明线：支持全文观点。而最打动读者的论点选择，不仅遵循上面的原则，三个看似不交叉的论点间还有一条暗线贯穿一致。令全文浑然天成，回味无穷。

立意的地一步，按照上面的原则看，当然是先确定观点。以题目为例，笔者愿意选择否，食物易于准备降低了人们的生活质量。第一步踏出去了。

确定观点后，破题时得到的思维方向，明显不利于我的就应该排除。比如营养价值改变这一条，虽然速食文化的确对人体有害，但另一项速食：生疏和熟粗粮，就是向有益方向改变的，两者势均力敌，仅管是很容易想到，也很容易举例论证的论点，却不宜使用，因为如此贸然用了，有思维不缜密之嫌。然而，这毕竟是一块好啃的骨头，如果其他论点都不好论证，还可以回头捡起这一条来，隐去健康速食那个事实进行作文，当然，这依然是下下之选。

篇13：托福独立写作怎么审题

一、审题的“精确性”

根据专家对于过去2年独立写作考题的分析，发现有90%以上的题目属于“支持/反对”型：

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

Because the change of the society is so rapidly， people are less happy or less satisfied with their life than people did in the past time.

而剩下的则是由“对比论述型”构成的：

.03.13

Some people think children should spend most of their time in studying and playing while others think they should help their parents with the household chores. What’s your opinion?

在审题时，考生必须首先把题目通读1-3遍，彻底把握题目主旨后，方可进行段落布局。在这里，笔者结合自己的经验给考生们一些建议：首先，判断题目是否包含“绝对”含义的词，若有，则按照上篇讲过的建议布局，若没有，则对于同意或者反对的理由进行快速的brain storming， 然后根据分论点的数量及论点的可延展性来敲定立场：

Some people think that human needs for farmland， housing， and industry are more important than saving land for endangered animals. Do you agree or disagree with this point of view? Why or why not? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

Disagree：

1) Endangered animals are valuable because of their limited quantities

2) Environment balance

3) Endangered animals sometimes stand for the country， so they are more valuable than farmlands

Agree：

1) life quality is the top priority

2) endangered animals can be raised in the zoos

经过一番考量，假如考生得出了上述的一些分论点及想法，这时候，主体段的布局基本就可以敲定大方向了。第一种就是完全反对题目的说法，采用五段式结构布局，每个主体段论证上述三个分论点中的一个;第二种也是反对题目的说法，采用五段式结构布局，但是前2个主体段从三个分论点中选二个去论证，而第三个主体段从“同意”的二个分论点里去选一个，最后的结论还是倾向于反对的。

第三种是采用四段式结构布局，即第一个主体段从三个反对意见中选择二到三个分论点去写，而第二个主体段则从赞同的分论点里去选择，数量上比前一段少一个即可，最后结论还是倾向于反对多一点。这样说是不是有些同学看了会有点“晕”呢?那下面笔者就再举个简单点的例子吧：

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Television， newspapers， magazines， and other media pay too much attention to the personal lives of famous people such as public figures and celebrities. Use specific reasons and details to explain your opinion.

Disagree：

1) Most people are common， so they want to know something about famous ones

2) Famous people stand for some fashion

3) Constrain the public figures

4) Celebrities can improve the national cohesion and unity

又经过了几分钟思考，我们得出了上述的四个分论点，但是一时半会赞同的理由实在是想不出。若考试的时候遇到这种情况，千万别犹豫不决，马上从已经想好的观点里面进行挑选。于是，这个题目我们就采用完全反对的立场，以五段式结构布局全文，主体段的分论点从上述四点中挑选三个展开论述即可。这样一来，大家是不是明白一点了呢?

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents or other adult relatives should make important decisions for their older (15 to 18 year-old) teenage children. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.

Agree： Parents make decision for children.

1) Parents have more experience

2) 15-18 years old children are not adults， so they can't take responsibility

还有一种情况就是我们只能想出两个分论点，这时候考生应该果断采用四段式布局，而这一次，两个主体段都分别论述一个同意的理由，而在结尾时，可以顺便提一些反对的理由，这样也不失为一种灵活的方法，希望考生们可以借鉴。

二、分论点的排列原则

专家提醒考生们，在布局的时候我们不是随意编排分论点的先后顺序，而是需要有一定的逻辑性和合理性。一般说来，五段式的三个主体段，若都是同意或者都是反对的理由的话，一般这些分论点有两种逻辑顺序，即第一种按照“重要性”来排，将你认为最主要的理由放在第一个主体段中详细论证;第二种是按照“小到大”的原则，即个人方面的理由先写，然后再是家庭，公司，最后再是社会，国家等。

倘若所有的论点都是在一个范围内的，比如都是属于个人的论点，则这个时候要看这些分论点后续的论证内容的多少，比如某一个分论点你既举得出例子，又可以进行对比或者因果论述的话那肯定应该先写这个分论点，若某一个分论点后续能够阐述的理由只有一句话的时候那就应该果断地将其排在后面写。若文章是四段式的结构，则在一个主体段中的排列顺序和前面讲的原则是一致的。

篇14：托福独立写作怎么审题

案例1：误解原意思

Do you agree or disagree: Because people are busy with doing so many things, they can do few things well?

Original：

Some people may hold the view that they are able to do things well even if they are busy with doing so many things simultaneously or during a given period. Although plausible at the first glance, I disagree with the statement. Depending on my own personal experience and personality, I firmly maintain that people can do few things well when they are busy with doing so many things. My arguments of this opinion are listed as follows.

解析：

文章第一句话不是对原题目意思进行解释，而是采用采取了和原意思相反的做法来进行题目诠释;第二句表明自己对误解题目的观点;第三句话对自己的观点进行近一步的解释;第四句一个过渡性的句子。开篇内容安排倒是很好，但是作者犯了误解原题目意思的错误导致后面整个文字都做了无用功。

Revised：

When people are engaged in a large extent of work simultaneously, they will not be able to perform all of them perfectly. Just imagine how terrible it will be: too many jobs need to be done by the same person in a given time. Once such a picture appears in my mind, I feel dizzy. To me, it is impossible to do everything well with the limited energy and many others factors .Therefore , I agree with the statement too many things to be done at the same time cause few to be well done . The reasons are as follow.

Revised：

第一句话对原题目意思进行了很好的诠释;第二、三句话进一步解释原题目;第四句话提出自己的观点;第五句话过渡性句子引起下文。

案例2 ：语言罗嗦，绕弯子给出自己观点，浪费时间

Some young adults want independence from their parents as soon as possible. Other young adults prefer to live with their families for a longer time. Which of these situations do you think is better? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.

original：

With the development of science and technology, people’s living standard has been improving day by day. According to the family plan, one couple could have only one child. So child becomes the center of the whole family. Some of them are even spoiled. Therefore, I think it is better if the young adult could live independent from their parents as soon as possible.

解析：

这个开头看似没有任何问题，但是仔细分析就会发现很多问题。首先，作者绕了个大弯才给出自己的观点。其次，观点是对原题目的抄写，改动的比较少。最后，开篇缺少引起下文的过渡句。更大的错误是这个开头更像是一个全文主要观点的一个分论点。

Revised:

As we all know, some young adults have the sense of independence in a special period so that they want to choose to live apart from their family, while others still choose to stay with parents in the family. Family can provide young adults a warm bay where he or she could turn to whenever any problems arise. However, considering the sound development of the young adult both mentally and physically, I think to live independently the earlier, the better. Independence is a lesson that each of us must face one day. The detailed reasons are listed below.

解析：

第一句话诠释原题目意思;第二句话进一步解释第一句话;第三句话提出自己的观点;第四句话解释自己的观点，引出下文。

托福独立写作开篇第一段是整个文章的主机调，这个部分如果出现问题整个文章就会黯然失色。

篇15：托福独立写作怎么审题

审题，是写作的第一步，却经常被大家所忽略。有太多考生只着眼于如何写出漂亮的句子和高级的词汇，而没有搞清写作的本质--考察学生针对某一话题进行准确连贯表述的能力。这也是为什么很多同学虽然英语不弱，在托福考试的独立部分中却只能拿到 fai r或 good 当中较低的4分。那么到底怎样才能更加容易地拿到独立写作的满分呢? 笔者今天将通过列举以往考过的真题进行解析，告诉大家如何审题，换句话说，如何使高分变得更加achievable。

同学们考写作考了这么多年，大多数出题的形式都已烂熟于心，看到题目之后觉得熟悉于是兴冲冲提笔就写，其实，这种看似“熟练”的表象下藏着巨大的隐患--同学们很有可能因为看得太快而忽略某个决定题目意思的关键词。例如：

例1：

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Advertising is the only main cause for people's unhealthy eating habits.

看到这个题目，同学们立刻会开始想，有没有other reasons for unhealthy habits，想出三条如：1. People's tight schedules do not allow them to eat at regular hours; 2. Sometimes people are eager to lose weight or to keep fit so that they go on “endless diets”; 3. Bearing heavy burden both physically and mentally, some consider eating constantly as their most effective stress reliever. 综上所述，advertising is not the only cause.

这个写法看起来非常完备，但其实犯了一个不起眼却严重的错误--题目不是要我们证明it is not the only cause，而是要我们去证明it is not the only main cause。多一个“main”，意思是很不一样的。如果我们只需要证明it is not the only cause，那么找出other causes即可即例1中的写法。但是，如果我们要证明it is not the only main cause，就需要证明other causes that we mentioned are also main causes，这就需要在每一段中加上一些专门的说明。或者，更简单的办法是去证明advertising is not even a cause, 直接在每段的末尾加上advertising与该段所论述的unhealthy eating habit无关的论述即可。If it is not a cause, how can it be the onlymain cause? 这样一来，就不用通过证明还有其他main cause来反驳了，事实上，证明某种cause是main cause还是挺有难度的，因此笔者推荐同学们用后一种方式进行论述。因此，文章还是disagree，而三段的主题句分别应该是：1、1. People's tight schedules do not allow them to eat at regular hours, and it is obvious that they are too busy to be influenced by advertising; 2. Sometimes people are eager to lose weight or to keep fit so that they go on “endless diets”, and this is more like a result of human nature, the pursuit of beauty, but not advertising; 3. Bearing heavy burden both physically and mentally, some consider eating constantly as their most effective stress reliever, and it is quite clear that no advertising encourages them to do so.

例2：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Colleges and universities should offer more preparation for student before they start working.

看到这个题目，很多同学会可能会这样写：Agree. 1. Students should take morespecializedcourses(专业课)in order to be knowledgeable and skillful enough for their future careers(接着开始论述being knowledgeable and skillful的重要性); 2.Participating in internships helps students to have a clearer picture of their vocational development in the future(接着开始论述，如果没有实过习，在工作的时候是多么地feel so unprepared); 3. Attending more club activities is an effective way to improve social skills, which are crucial for success both in life and at work(接着开始论述good social skills对职业和生活的帮助).如果不看括号里的内容，仅看主题句，这篇文章是没有任何问题的。然而，括号中的论述从严格意义上来讲，是不能支持“more”这个关键词的。举个简单的例子：“我们需要钱”和“我们需要更多钱”在证明的时候重点是不一样的。如果证明“我们需要钱”，应该详细

阐述钱的“不可或缺性”，比如生活、学习、教育都需要钱;但是如果证明“我们需要更多钱”，重点则应该放在“钱不够”的论述上，证明在学习、生活、教育方面的预算都很紧张。同样地，上面的题目中仅仅证明Knowledge for careers, field experience and social skills are important是不够的，事实上，这些根本不需要证明，需要证明的事情是graduates today are not well prepared in the three aspects. 因此这篇文章应该是一篇“抱怨型”的文章，详细地去论述学校工作的不足。参考思路如下：Agree. 1. Many students today complain that they cannot learn practical skills and up-to-date information, for some of their teachers are not qualified enough to teach specialized courses; 2. Since many students are not allowed enough time to participate in internship programs before graduation, they know very little about what their future jobs like; 3. Joining clubs is possible for every college student, yet not every club provide is capable of offering enough opportunities for students to practice their social skills.

同学们在写文章的时候一定要注意，学术论文写作不是句型和辞藻的堆砌，整篇文章一定是一个well-organized system，这个system中很重要的原则之二就是--

1、每个中间段的topic sentence是用来支持main idea的;

2、topic sentence后面的每句话都是用来支持该topic sentence的。在上面的两个例子中，大家会发现例1的错误主要是main idea没有很好地被topic sentence支持;而例2的错误在于topic sentence虽然看起来是支持main idea的，但是论述的内容可能跟关键词“more”无关，从而不能有力地支持topic sentences。这些错误的起因，则是对题干中关键词的忽略。

篇16：托福独立写作怎么举例

托福写作中如何更好添加例子

在备考托福写作的过程中，不少拿不到写作高分的中国学生遇到的问题不是看不懂题目，也不是想不到理由，甚至也不是写不到300字(有学生写了470字，却只得了fair)，而是不会论证。“不会论证”这四个字几乎就是托福写作的死穴。ETS的考官们在OG中反复强调fully developed的重要性，说的也就是这个理儿。论证的主要方法有直接论证、举例子、引用他人观点和数据等等。在这里，最适合中国学生操作，也是最容易得高分的就是举例子了。

然而，举例子这个方法向来不为中国学生所重视。因为对于大多数学生来说，举例子实在是太容易不过了，只要写上for example之类的提示词，再写上人尽皆知的诸如Einstein， Newton之类的例子就万事大吉了。而事实上，这样的例子考官早已经看过成百上千遍了，怎么可能再给高分呢?

因此，要想举出高分的例子，最好是写两种例子：

1)美国人所熟知的历史、文化的例子，但一定要有一些新意，不是讲烂了的Galileo， Mother Teresa之流

2)讲自己身边的故事。

若是考生能够选用第一种例子，用得恰当的话自然能让考官眼前为之一亮。例如在讨论媒体对人们的影响时，选用美国人所熟知的脱口秀女王Oprah Winfrey作为例子。或是在讨论学生是否都应该学习历史的时候，选用美国历史上知名的总统，如Thomas Jefferson， Herbert Hoover等进行论证都非常好。这样做既进行了有效论证，又不落入俗套。然而，举这类例子对于考生考前的积累要求比较高。如果距离考试还有三个月或以上的时间，我建议考生可以在考前多准备一些类似的人物或事件的例子，以备考试之用。

对于大多数备考时间比较紧的考生来说，花大量的时间去准备第一种例子显得有些不太划算。因此，性价比比较高的第二种例子更适合于备考时间比较短的考生。托福考试仅仅是语言能力考试，只要能用恰当的例子论述清楚问题就可以，因此用自己或身边人的例子对于考官来说也有很大的说服力。

有的考生仍然会问，那我身边没有那么多的例子可以用怎么办?这个时候，对待ETS的考官就不能这么“死心眼”了，就要学会“编例子”。但是“编例子”也要有技巧，也要让考官信服，绝非信口胡编。在这里介绍三个小技巧，帮助你把例子编得更生动。

1) 加上姓名、时间、地点等

很多中国学生在写例子的时候会使用“比如说有一个人……”这样的表达。这样的表达看起来底气不足，且中式思维严重，很难受到考官青睐。考生完全可以改用另外的表达“我有一个朋友叫Jason，他在两年前做了_事……”这样写就看起来舒服多了。在叙述个人类例子的时候，尽量使用具体的人名、地名和时间。这样能使你的例子看上去更丰满、富有细节，也更像真实的事件，有说服力。

托福写作考场经验：独立写作举例在精不在多

综合写作

之前就听到很多大牛们说综合写作只要把听力的内容写得越多越详细，分数就越高，所以对综合写作的听力总怀有畏惧心理。现在想想，练过听力和口语之后，这里的听力也没那么可怕。我只练过2篇综合写作，一篇是在新东方的课上，而且只练了做笔记没有实际去写，第二篇就是TPO里的。考场上我听得也不是很好，只是把分论点以及一些细节听到了，有几个例子的都没怎么记下来，最后两句还没听清…不过那个好像对分论点没太大影响，是个扩展的内容…总之就是听得不是特别好，但开头段按自己琢磨好的句式那样写，接下来的几段也是不停地敲啊敲，敲了好多字上去，总算在1分钟前写完了。最后的结果竟然是Good(4-5分)，看来综合写作对听力的要求真的不是大家想象的那么高，其实无非就是把教授如何反驳文章中三个分论点挺清楚，例子都是阅读文章里的所以不用记，听力里主要是在讲阅读文章中的例子有哪些缺陷或不严谨的地方，从而无法成为有效的论据，甚至成为别的观点的论据……这一思路其实很想GRE写作里的Argument，所以我在考场上用了很多当初准备argument时候的句式和表达，都可以通用的。这一类的写作模式很固定，我觉得看几篇范文自己练几篇找到适合自己的写作套路(尤其开头段，自己事先想好，因为综合写作模式都很固定，所以可以用同一个开头模板写任何内容，开头精彩的话会给考官好印象的，尽管他自己可能不承认被外表的美吸引了~)我自己没练过太多所以更多的经验也没法写了，只能说GRE的基础让我的作文有所受益，但每个人只要认真写几篇肯定也会熟能生巧。

篇17：托福独立写作怎么开头

1、废话连篇急煞读者

失败案例：

Topic --Should college students be allowed to get married?

This topic is very interesting. I am very interested in talking about this topic. Because I am also a college student and I am not married……

修改方案：开门见山 直奔主题

In my opinion, it would not be a wise decision to allow college students to get married。

2、观点不明态度暧昧

失败案例：

Topic--Should college students be allowed to get married?

I think this topic is very hard to say. Because I am still very little, only 17, and not married, so this topic is very difficult for me……

3、渐行渐远 离题千里

失败案例：

Topic---It is said that nowadays one can not acquire the qualifications and quality essential to success through university education. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the statement?

I think to success, we must have a lot of important qualities. To have these important qualities, we must learn a lot of things, for example, English, music, and etc. We can learn these qualities from our teachers, our friends and from books. All in all, we can learn from many places。

4、中式英语人见人跪

失败案例：

Topic 1-The happiest moment in your life

In our life, there are always some moments which make your heart flower opened angrily……

Topic 2- The population problem

The population problem is a very big problem. For example, in the city centers of Shanghai, we can always see people mountain people sea there。

Topic3- Is there fairness in today’s business world?

I think in today’s society, there is no fairness in the business world. For example, I always chop when I go out buy things……

Topic 4- The advantage of being a nice person

Being a nice person have many advantage. I believe if a person always does bad things, he will get “baoying”。

篇18：托福独立写作怎么举例

我只写过一篇，太惭愧了。TPO的都没有写…当时发生了一些不愉快的事，比较郁闷，竟然一气之下把TPO关闭了……哎，我呀。自己练过的那一篇是不限时写的，花了大概一个多小时，然后用了半天时间去修改。基本上每一段都有大的改动，加了不少自己认为很漂亮的段落或句子，改完之后还比较满意。其实改的过程就是一个提高的过程，千万不能写完了不改就扔在一边，那样只能停留在原来的水平。推荐大家先不限时写几篇，写完一篇就立刻打印出来逐字逐句修改(电脑上改容易偷懒)，把过于简单的词和句子一一替换，注意别用太难的词和没把握的词，能用到6级词汇就差不多了，心情好了再拽两个托福词汇上去也就足够了。我觉得最好用的就是形容词和副词，可以记几个托福水平的精彩形容词和副词，这在寄托太傻上面多的是，选择自己看着顺眼的，在平凡的名词前加好看的形容词，在平淡的句子里随处放置抢眼的副词，这样文章一下子就丰富起来了。

还有一招我每次考试必用的，就是插入语。比如“However, I maintain that…”就有意识地改成“I maintain, however, that…”哪怕是用正常的语序敲出来了，也要删掉把它重新改成插入语，因为这样可以避免每次都用过于明显的转折词开头，也算句式变换的一种吧。总之别人没写自己写了，那体现出来的就叫差距。当然也不能每句都这么写，太刻意了~ 其他可以当插入语的还有很多，像什么”personally”， “to some extent”， “therefore”等等，是个副词就可以往里插的，加入这些词往往会使观点看起来更客观。不过前提是保持语义完整，还有就是读起来要通顺……不然就适得其反了。

改作文还需要做的一点就是用新东方的讲义也好网友总结的也好，找到自己认为漂亮实用的句式，往自己的作文里套。尤其开头段，结尾段以及中间各段的衔接，找到了漂亮的句式就从此永远用这个不要再改了，这就是自己独家的写作模板，用戴云的话就是“下半辈子我就靠它活着了”~~ 每段的第一句尤其要精彩一点，试着倒装一下，或用被动语态，总之别写干巴巴的简单句，这样给人的感觉就是你接下来的论述也没有可期待之处。平时练习的时候可以用尽量多的句式，多尝试，找到适合自己的，既能记住，又能灵活运用，限时模考的时候就开始逐渐找到自己的句式表达和段落结构，形成自己固定的模板套路，也就是个人的写作风格吧。

从内容看，托福写作里要尽量多举具体的例子，所以相应地就要积累许多举例的句式以避免重复。不论是真实的例子还是自己编的，都要有细节，然后把它论述透彻。我个人认为，例子不在于多而在于精，举出来之后要充分挖掘它的内涵，别停留在就事论事上，可以试着延伸到生活的其他方面，这才是体现写作水平的地方。不过如果论述是弱项的话还是多举一些具体例子然后把每一个都说几句，那样可以扬长避短，在字数上也不会吃亏，拿到一个比较好的分数还是很有希望的。

备战的时候可以利用中午休息的空闲时间看看机经里的独立写作题，自己想想该怎么写，用哪些理由来支撑，这样就算碰见没写过的题，很多东西都可以照搬的。所以我在遇到那道类似GRE Issue的变态题的时候也写得比较顺畅，最后写了468个字吧好像。还是字数越多得高分的机会越高呢。

篇19：托福独立写作怎么开头

古语云：“有其始者，则已之也难”。托福独立写作亦是如此，写好开头段是冲刺高分的第一步。

ETS官方发布的托福独立写作满分标准第一条中就明确指出：“满分文章必须有效地针对给定话题进行论述(effectively addresses the topic and task)”。结合西方的写作习惯，开头段的构成要素和要完成的基本任务也非常清晰，即需要考生表达观点，树立统领全文的思想主题。

因此常见的开头方式有以下两种：一是开门见山型，即开头段只有1-2句话，清晰、简练地针对给定话题表达观点和态度;二是背景概述型，即开头段中先用1-2句话的篇幅结合给定话题提出背景，对其成因、现象或日常观察等进行描述，再亮明观点。

而文韬老师在多年的教学过程中发现，对于大多数考生来说，这两种开头方式都不实用。

首先开门见山型的开头只适合语言功底扎实，且在正文段中有话可说、能够充分展开论证的考生。对于他们来说，开头简洁有力，就可以把大量的篇幅留给正文段，便于取悦考官，取得高分。但对于大多数考生来说，充分论证、有理有据谈何容易，只写一句话往往是简陋不堪、含混不清，且减少了文章字数。

而背景概述型开头要求既要贴合题目，又要新颖独特、不落俗套。这就需要考生对机经真题烂熟于胸，并在考场上花费大量时间构思，否则就会沦为千篇 一律的恶俗开头，导致低分。文韬老师在第一次写作课前收到的学生习作中有八成左右都会用“Today with the development of science and technology”做为开头，甚至很多考生在处理跟科技类题材毫不沾边的话题时，也会使用这个“标准”开头。这种文章极易使考官厌倦，从而降低主观评价、拉低整体分数。

在此文韬老师强烈建议各位时间紧、任务重、且语言运用尚未达到炉火纯青程度的考生，善用提问法、写出好开头。

一、提问法开头的基本框架

提问法开头包括：针对给定话题的提问(1-2句话);表达自己的观点和态度(1-2句话)。例如在处理以下这道关于管理零花钱与培养责任感的机经真题时，可以这样开头：

题目：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In order to become financially responsible adults, children should manage their own money at young age.

开头：Many parents are in doubt whether children can control their pocket money at young age? As far as I am concerned, with patient guidance and good suggestions, teenagers should manage their own money and assume responsibility at young age.

二、三类常用的提问词汇

在此，文韬老师提供三大类常用的提问词汇，在语法构造方面非常简单实用，各位考生务必牢记：

第一类：情态动词，例如should, could, might

第二类：why与why not

第三类：be in doubt whether...

例如我们以在文韬老师的写作课上开小差是不对的为话题进行提问：

第一类：Might students doze off or play mobile games in my writing class? From my point of view, no way!

第二类：Why not mind your behavior and pay close attention to the writing course? In my opinion, young students should learn how to control themselves in class.

第三类：I am in doubt whether my students’ attention is diverted for a moment in class? Fortunately, this situation never occur in my writing class.

三、善用提问法

用好提问法要注意以下两点：一是注意替换，考生可以使用词汇替换、变主动句为被动句等技巧对给定话题进行包装和重述，务必做到意思相近，但形式不同，以迎合满分标准中对语言多样性的要求;二是字数不足或表达观点力度不够时，可以针对提问做出多种可能性回答，再亮明自己的观点，但务必注意简洁有力，避免啰嗦。

好的开始是成功的一半。善用提问法可以有效地针对话题表明观点，同时有利于增强表达力度、增加文章字数、使全文整体生动活泼、不落俗套，各位想要冲刺高分的考生务必多多练习，熟练运用。

篇20：托福独立写作怎么开头

首先，回顾一下5分作文的评分标准：

? effectively addresses the writing task

? is well organized and well developed

? use clearly appropriate details to support a thesis

? displays consistent facility in the use of language

? demonstrates syntactic variety and appropriate word choice, thoughit may have occasional errors

这三大块的要求(organization, development, language use)对于Introduction的意义在于：1)作文必须有一个开头段(这样才完整呀，就像刚认识一个小伙伴，总要问一下“你的名字是?”) 2)好的开头段要做到引出话题和明确表明作者的态度。(也许问“你的名字”并不是一个搭讪的好方式，那怎么办?)

来个例子吧~ 下文是TPO10的综合写作阅读文章，没错!写作虽然分为两个tasks，但都是英语写作呀~ 笔者一直认为这两篇作文可以一起提高，综合写作就是美国人写的议论分析文章哇~ 接下来，带着大家分析这个开头段，同时解答如下几个问题：

1) 能不能一开始就写“I agree with the statement.”/“I think ….”?

2) 题目里的文字我就抄一点点，一丢丢……就一点点，可以吗?

3) 多少字为宜?

The sea otter is a small mammal that lives in watersalong the western coast of North America from California to Alaska.(看了第一句，能猜出作者观点吗?当然不能，但是我们可以知道这篇文章一定是关于 seaotter 这个话题的。)When some sea otter populations off the Alaskan coaststarted rapidly declining a few years ago, it caused much concern because seaotters play an important ecological role in the coastal ecosystem. Expertsstarted investigating the cause of the decline and quickly realized that there were two possible explanations:environmental pollution or attacks by predators.(两个可能的原因，这是可以被质疑被反驳的“观点”哦) Initially, the pollution hypothesis seemed the morelikely of the two.(作者的态度明显就是支持 pollution hypothesis)

到了答疑时间：

1)第一句话建议大家先引入话题，不要直接简单粗暴地写“我觉得……”。除非，你打字速度慢到担心后面写不完……(这种情况下，XDF老师们也有专门帮大家提高打英文速度的方法哟)

2)背景句一般是一个现象，接下来就要针对这个话题提出一个争论点。大多数时候，考生会在此时选择改写题目。问题来了，5分评分标准中的“demonstrates syntactic variety and appropriate word choice”就需要大家做到表达准确，且不能重复。

3)最后必须给出作者的观点，至于用I think还是In myopinion都不重要，重要的还是这句话整体写的如何。如果有一个短语100%比In my opinion更好，并且100%能拿高分，我想这早就不会是一个秘密了。希望宝宝们注重提高语言能力!而不是机械地背短语。

4)整篇文章字数要求是300以上，个人建议开头段字数在40-60个。(个别打字狂人且脑洞太大的，你想多写一些我也不拦着。)

接下来，轮到宝宝们自己练习啦O(∩_∩)O 30min的时间要好好把握哦!又快又好地创作出开头段，需要更多指导和方法欢迎面谈!很快就又到了new year resolution的时间了，提前祝各位同学能尽快和托福君愉快地分手!

篇21：托福独立写作搜集

托福独立写作，三次每次字数都在550字以上，最近这次是600多字，打字速度一定要练，要能很快的把自己想要表达的意思表达出来。没必要也千万不要背模板，可以背些好的句子，好的句子结构，考试时就可以往上套了。但模板的话痕迹太重反而不利于发挥。

开始也最好不要在用with the development of 。看了很多人的习作，都是这样，老师会审美疲劳的。我的词汇量可能不够，所以其实我的作文一直都属于用词比较简单的那种类型，这些好句子感觉瞬间把我的文章提升了一个档次。

The speaker raises serious counterarguments against the reading paragraphs by providing drastically different evidence regarding several different conditions.

The speaker begins by stating that According to the reading material,  While from the listening passage, the speaker rebuts this point and argues that

Another argument that the speaker uses to cast doubt on the reading raised in the lecture is that  As for the reading's concern that  the speaker argues that

In the end, the speaker challenges the validity of the assumption of  The reading argues that  but the speaker maintains that

In conclusion, based on the discussions demonstrated above, it can be clearly seen that the contents in the reading passage are totally jeopardized by the speaker and the speaker has totally different ideas on the topics made in the reading.

托福写作模板:如何提升社区环境

【如何写好托福作文之托福独立写作】相关文章：

1.托福独立写作名人名言

2.托福独立写作怎么开头

3.托福独立写作怎么练

4.托福写作独立综合结构指点

5.托福独立写作如何避免无话可说

6.托福独立写作满分写作技巧解析

7.托福独立写作素材积累方法

8.托福写作：0827托福独立写作解析与

9.托福作文：0917托福独立写作解析与

10.托福写作结尾